In order to know a foreign language thoroughly, four things are necessary. Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear {#blank#}1{#/blank#} spoken. Secondly, we must be able to speak it correctly with confidence and without hesitation. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}, we must be able to read the language,and fourthly, we must be able to write it. We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct.

    There is no easy way to success {#blank#}3{#/blank#} language learning. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} good memory is of great help, but it is not enough only {#blank#}5{#/blank#} (memorize) rules from a grammar book. It is not much use learning by heart long list of words and {#blank#}6{#/blank#}  meaning, studying the dictionary and so on. We must learn by using the language. {#blank#}7{#/blank#} we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language. "Learn through use" is a good piece of {#blank#}8{#/blank#}  (advise) for those {#blank#}9{#/blank#} are studying a new language. Practice is important. We must practice speaking and {#blank#}10{#/blank#} (write) the language whenever we can.

    I wanted to do something special for my 15－year－old son, who has always been a perfect boy. He worked all summer to earn enough money to buy {#blank#}1{#/blank#} (he) a new racing －bicycle instead of asking for money from me. Then he spent hours and hours on it. I loved my son so much {#blank#}2{#/blank#} I bought him a pair of sunglasses and gloves. When my son rode the racing-bicycle with them, he looked very cool. He dreamed {#blank#}3{#/blank#} taking part in a race and winning. On November 10th, my birthday, when I went to the kitchen to start the milk and bread in the morning, I found {#blank#}4{#/blank#} beautiful guitar on the table, beside which was a card,{#blank#}5{#/blank#} (say), “Happy birthday to my wonderful mother.” I was surprised and then began to sob. I remembered once I {#blank#}6{#/blank#}(joke) to my family that I wanted to learn playing the guitar to make my life colorful. I had {#blank#}7{#/blank#} (forget) it, but my son remembered. He took it {#blank#}8{#/blank#} (serious), and bought me one as a birthday gift. When I wondered {#blank#}9{#/blank#}my son could buy this expensive gift, soon I realized that my son had sold his racing-bicycle{#blank#}10{#/blank#} (get) me the guitar.

    Last year the empty land across from my bus stop was a sad, empty, ugly space, with dead bushes and one short tree. Then some{#blank#}1{#/blank#} (gardener) changed that. They were tired of looking at the sad space while they were waiting {#blank#}2{#/blank#} the bus, so they made it into a beautiful garden. Now you can see colorful vegetable plants and sweet-smelling flowers. Yellow butterflies fly from plant to plant{#blank#}3{#/blank#} (happy), and tiny birds sing in the green trees. I love taking the bus now.

    If a little humanlike robot begged you not to shut it off, would you show sympathy?

    In an experiment {#blank#}1{#/blank#} (intend) to find out how people treat robots when they act like humans, many participants struggled to power down a begging robot named Nao. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} experiment was conducted by researchers in Germany, whose findings {#blank#}3{#/blank#} (publish) in the scientific journal PLOSOne.

    Nao, {#blank#}4{#/blank#} was designed to beg about half of the participants not to switch it off but not the other half, was used {#blank#}5{#/blank#} (measure) if his begging affected how people reacted.

    In one previous experiment, researchers found that people preferred communicating with robots with complementary (互补的) personality characteristics to {#blank#}6{#/blank#} (they) own. And since robots can exhibit social characteristics either {#blank#}7{#/blank#} (speak) with human voices or taking the shape of a human body, the research suggests that people tend to react “{#blank#}8{#/blank#} (especial) social to them.”

    The researchers said a possible {#blank#}9{#/blank#} (explain) for their results was that people regarded Nao's begging {#blank#}10{#/blank#} “a sign of making its own decision.”

    Jogging makes you burn fat and lose weight. In addition to increasing metabolism (新陈代谢), jogging is an {#blank#}1{#/blank#} (effect) way to burn more calories, {#blank#}2{#/blank#} helps you lose weight. If calories consumed in food are less than calories {#blank#}3{#/blank#} (spend) during exercise and other daily activities, you will lose weight. It is impossible not to! Many people have learned how to lose weight by{#blank#}4{#/blank#} (start) a running program.

    Jogging {#blank#}5{#/blank#} (help) to reduce stubborn fat. A running program can really help to cut back {#blank#}6{#/blank#} the last of your stubborn fat. Change can take a long time to come but {#blank#}7{#/blank#} (eventual) it makes maintaining a healthy weight much easier.

    If you suffer from poor appetite, jogging will improve your appetite. Along with all other {#blank#}8{#/blank#} (form) of exercise – the harder you work, the more you will eat {#blank#}9{#/blank#} (repair) your muscles and refuel them. When you start to run longer, you will start to eat to fuel your body, and may even find that you need to eat more food every day {#blank#}10{#/blank#} you did when you were overweight.

    Every Wednesday at 7 pm, a group of running enthusiasts from different countries gather at a bar in Shanghai before setting {#blank#}1{#/blank#} on their 5-kilometer run. But this is no ordinary run. These people {#blank#}2{#/blank#} (arm) with trash (垃圾) bags. The members of this group don't simply run for the sake of good health. They do it for the sake of the Earth {#blank#}3{#/blank#} well.

    Called "plogging", this new fitness activity originated in Sweden in 2016 and was introduced to Shanghai in 2018. The term is a combination of the words "jogging" and "plocka upp", {#blank#}4{#/blank#} means "pick up" in Swedish.

    By the summer of 2018 just a few months after Trash Running China was founded, {#blank#}5{#/blank#} (it) WeChat group had grown to include more than 400 runners. To make the activity more fun for both {#blank#}6{#/blank#} (newcomer) and regular ploggers, Trash Running China also {#blank#}7{#/blank#} (frequent) organizes longer weekend runs in the suburban areas. "We want more people to hold small 'plogging' groups and have a {#blank#}8{#/blank#} (responsible) to organize trash running activities in their own neighborhoods," says Eisenring, who founded Trash Running China." 'Plogging' is a way {#blank#}9{#/blank#} (know) the people and the city a bit more," says Robbin Trebbe, one of the {#blank#}10{#/blank#} (late) runners to join the group.