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Babies made from three people
approved in UK
Babies made from two women and one man have
been approved by the UK's fertility regulator. The historic and controversial
move is to prevent children from being born with deadly genetic diseases.
Doctors in Newcastle—who developed the advanced form of
In Vitro Fertilization or IVF (人工授精)—are expected to be the first to offer the procedure and have already
appealed for donor eggs. The first such child could be born, at the earliest,
by the end of 2017.
Some families have lost multiple children
to incurable mitochondrial (线粒体的) diseases, which can leave people with insufficient energy to keep
their heart beating.
The diseases are passed down from only the
mother, so a technique using a donor egg as well as the mother's egg and father's
sperm has been developed.
The resulting child has a tiny amount of
their DNA from the donor, but the procedure is legal and reviews say it is
ethical (伦理的) and
scientifically ready.
"It is a decision of historic
importance," said Sally Cheshire, chairwoman of the Human Fertilisation
and Embryology Authority (HFEA). "I'm sure patients will be really pleased
by what we've decided today."
But some scientists have questioned the
ethics of the technique, saying it could open the door to genetically-modified (转基因) 'designer' babies.
The HFEA must approve every clinic and
every patient before the procedure can take place. Three-person babies have
been allowed only in cases where the risk of a child developing mitochondrial
disease is very high.
Prof Mary Herbert, from the Newcastle
Fertility Centre, said, "It is enormously pleasing that our many years of
research in this area can finally be applied to help families affected by these
devastating diseases".
"Now that we are moving forward
towards clinical treatments, we will also need donors to donate eggs for use in
treatment to prevent affected women transmitting disease to their children."
Prof Sir Doug Turnbull, the director of the
Welcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research at Newcastle University, said, "We
are delighted by today's decision. We will also provide long-term follow up of
any children born."
NHS England has agreed to fund the
treatment costs of the first trial of three-person IVF for those women who meet
the HFEA criteria, as long as they agree to long-term follow up of their children
after they are born.