题型：任务型阅读 题类：常考题 难易度：普通
吉林省梅河口市第五中学等校2020届高三上学期英语8月联考试卷
The history of writing instruments, with which humans have recorded and conveyed thoughts and feelings, is the history of civilization itself. This is how we know about our ancestors and their life.
The handy sharpened-stone was
adapted into the first writing instrument. Around 24 
000 BC, the cave man started drawing pictures with the stone onto the walls of his cave. Walls at the Apollo site in Namibia are believed to be the oldest rock paintings to date.
Before paper came along, people used clay or wax tablets on which they wrote with sharp objects such as metal sticks or bones. Around 6000 years ago, the Egyptians invented the first paperlike material called papyrus. The word "paper" actually comes from the word "papyrus".
Bones or metal sticks were no longer useful as the papyrus could not be scratched. So the Egyptians created a reed-pen perfect for the papyrus. And thus, ancient Egyptians transformed bamboo stems (茎) into an early form of a fountain pen.
Another writing instrument that remained active in history for a long period was the quill (鹅毛) pen. Introduced around 700 AD, the quill was a pen made from a bird feather. Goose feathers were most common. For making fine line drawings, crow feathers were the best.
When writers had better inks and paper and handwriting had developed into both an art form and an everyday occurrence, man's inventive nature once again turned to improving the writing instrument.
A. Now something was needed to write upon the papyrus.
B. The papyrus became the most popular material at that time.
C. Swan feathers were of a high quality, being rare and most expensive.
D. Bamboo stems were better and much more expensive than goose feathers.
E. This led to the development of the modem fountain pen in the 19th century.
F. These were mostly the stems of grasses, especially from the bamboo plant.
G. These drawings showed events in daily life like the planting of crops or hunting victories.
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A. Keep it challenging B. Eat for Performance C. You'll know exactly what you need to do every day and each run builds on the next. D. So you'll need to combine running with a healthy diet. E. If you're hoping to use running to lose weight, here's some advice on how to be successful. F. Here are ways to improve your running motivation. G. But if that's not possible, try to shoot for at least 3-4 times per week. |
4 Key Strategies for Running to Lose Weight
As one of the most active exercises out there, running is an extremely efficient way to burn calories and lose weight. A 150-pound person will burn approximately 100 calories per mile when running. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}
①Healthy Eating is the First Step
If you want to lose weight by running, keep in mind that you'll only lose pounds if you burn more calories than you consume. To lose a pound, you have to burn, through exercise or life functions, about 3500 calories. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} Runners do have special nutrition needs, but the basic principles for healthy eating still apply. Try choosing smaller portions of high-fat and high-calorie foods and eating more whole grains, fruits, and vegetables.
②Follow a training schedule
Sticking to a training schedule is a simple way to stay motivated to run. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} So it's much harder to postpone or skip workouts. Following a schedule can also help you avoid a running injury by not increasing your mileage too quickly.
③Run regularly
If you don't want to follow a schedule, you still need to have some consistency with your running because you won't lose weight by running once a week. It's best to get some activity every day. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} If you find that your motivation to run is suffering, follow some necessary tips to get inspired.
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Incorporating speed work or interval training (running at a very fast speed for short intervals of time) into your running routine can also help your weight loss efforts. Speed work burns a great amount of calories in a short period of time. You'll also increase your muscle mass, causing you to burn more calories throughout the day.
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