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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学2020届高三上学期英语开学检测考试试卷

阅读理解

    Positive thinking is a significant element of happiness. In order to become a positive thinker, determination and consistency are important. The first thing to know about positive thinking is that everyone can do it.  With certain cognitive (认知的) and behavioral changes, we can all become positive thinkers. Another important factor is that being a positive thinker does not mean you become numb to anything that is not working properly in your life or is negative - it just means that you approach life and face challenges with a healthier outlook.

    Instead of selectively attending to negative events, focus on the positive ones. Then pay attention to the delayed consequences of your behavior rather than the immediate ones. For example, if a job is not going like you want, focus on the fact that you have a job and how you can take your time to make the situation better.

    Challenge any internal attributions and see if you compare your behavior to standards that are excessively rigid and perfectionistic. If so, change these and be reasonable with your comparisons. For example, if you constantly compare your weaknesses with other people's strengths, then switch this and compare yourself with those who are doing poorer than you as well. Overall, people who focus more on their strengths than their weaknesses but at the same time are aware of their weaknesses have a healthier self-evaluation result.

    When faced with too much fear about a situation, imagine the worst case and visualize a solution for it, then let go of fear. This way, you will be prepared for anything and your fear will not block you from being open and creative to different solutions. For example, if you are constantly worried about losing your job up to a point where it is creating a lot of anxiety and fear and is effecting your performance and your happiness negatively, then think of losing your job, visualize how you will handle it, find solutions in your mind and then let go of the thought and the fear attached to it.

    So positive thinkers are better problem solvers and have better interactions. In addition to that, people who are positive thinkers are happier and more satisfied with their life.

(1)、Why is positive thinking a significant element of happiness?
A、It means that one is blind to the troubles and difficulties that exist. B、It means that one constantly compares everything with other people's. C、It means that one is strong in mind and has nothing to be afraid of. D、It means that one approaches life and faces challenges more healthily.
(2)、What does the text suggest about the job you don't like?
A、Quitting it and finding a better one. B、Keeping and trying to make it better. C、Being negative and numb to it. D、Challenging yourself with a new outlook.
(3)、What does the author intend to tell us in paragraph 4?
A、Be prepared for the worst: and let go of fear. B、Being constantly worried will lose your job. C、Fear will prevent you being open and creative. D、There is nothing to fear if well prepared.
(4)、What can be a suitable title for the text?
A、How to focus on the positive events B、How to be a positive thinker C、What to do when faced with fear D、What to know of self-evaluation
举一反三
阅读理解

    Marjorie grew up with a sense of worthlessness. Again and again her father said she would never accomplish anything in life. He told her she was a loser and that anything she did was sure to end in failure. With these words constantly ringing in her ears she grew up looking for someone who would love her and see her as a person of worth. This led her into relationships that disappointed her, ending in pain yet, which was another proof that she was worthless and unlovable. Where does our sense of self-worth come from?

    It is true that the foundation for a person's self-worth is laid in the home. Words that we hear in our home can build or tear down our worth. Encouraging words are words of life to us while words of criticism are words of death. Other people like teachers, friends and employers add to the collection of life-giving death words in a person's heart. Over time a person begins to see themselves in the light of these words. In this situation can one develop a sense of worth?

    Feeling worthless is possibly the most obvious symptom of low self-esteem(自尊心). But it's easy to overcome. However tough your childhood is, you can still choose to enrich the world every day simply by the way you interact with others and make caring decisions. Whether we contribute anything or not is a choice. Feeling worthless means that you're not doing as well in the areas that matter to you and therefore you need to try to increase your self-esteem. To feel worthwhile, you'll have to really work at it and never give up on yourself.

    All human beings are capable of adding value to society, including you. Thus there are no excuses for saying things like “I'm worthless, stupid, useless” because you have the choice not to be any of these things.

阅读理解

    One of the biggest risks a modem student faces is a broken phone or laptop. Jake Hertz and Isaac Roberts are two students who have launched a new business to meet this exact need: Campus Tech Repair.

    Hertz and Roberts started their business half a year ago and they've had amazing success. The first day they had posters up, they received nearly a cloven calls from students. Despite not having backgrounds in business, the two gladly accepted the challenges of starting up such an in-demand service.

    Hertz and Roberts experienced such a high demand because of the lack of any other hardware repair service on campus. The IT Center itself only provided software fixes: Hertz guessed that this was because of the increased responsibilities faced by repair services. Hertz and Roberts did make customers sign a release(解除)of responsibility, yet they also wanted to build a higher level of trust.

    This, Hertz noted, was the only real challenge that they expected to face. Becoming directly sponsored by the school could solve the problem of community trust. Hertz and Roberts have already engaged in conversation with the University toward this end.

    The main selling point of their service is its convenience, as well as the relatively low price. Many students have neither the time nor the means to visit a phone repair service in a store, in addition to the problem of cost. For them, Campus Tech Repair is the desired alternative.

    Hertz is optimistic about the future of the business. The two partners dream of expanding the range of their operation to include more students and be able to meet all hardware needs. They've even received requests to repair Playstations(—种游戏机), in addition to their specialties of computer and smartphone repair. They believe that with the support of the University, they could become a necessary part of campus services.

阅读理解

    Young people almost never get a good press(评论) these days. “Their outlook is centered on trashy books and films,” expressed one citizen in a letter I recently came across in the Daily Mail. It seems that people have been complaining about the young since ancient times. However, the young are probably no worse than they've ever been. And I think they're better. Teenagers today are brighter, more energetic, more outgoing, and more interesting than any generation before.

    The truth is, we hear plenty of bad news about youth, but we never hear about the majority. Surely they all want to be footballers or attractive models? Not a bit of it. When research company Britain-Thinks examined teenagers attitudes earlier this year, they found that the most popular goal (shared by some 70 percent) was to “have a job you love”, followed by having a university degree, owning your own home and being in a happy, long-term relationship. It tallies with another study by the Institute for Economic and Social Research, which found that what made teenagers happiest wasn't a new smart-phone or pair of shoes, but “the simple things in life” such as close friends, going swimming and spending time with their parents.

    Indeed, the more you look at the young, the more impressive they seem. They are, of course, more technologically knowledgeable and skillful than any generation before them. But the interesting thing is that they're not merely consumers; they're creators. Think of all those young people developing their own websites or machines.

    Seventeen-year-old Nick D'Aloisio is an example. He invented a news-summary app (应用程序)called Summly and sold it to Yahoo this year for a reported £18 million. The company offered him a job in California, but he turned it down. “I'll be staying in London,” he explained. “I want to finish my A levels and I couldn't really live on my own out there.”

    Of course they aren't perfect, and every generation has its fair share of bad apples. But I think our future is in safe hands.

阅读理解

    Do you find it difficult to put down your mobile phone?

    If yes, you're not alone. These days, many people suffer from the stress of FOMO (fear of missing out). They reach for their mobile phones when they wake up in the morning, and for the rest of the day, they constantly scroll down (向下滚动) the timelines of their social media apps to get the latest updates.

    Despite the convenience smartphones bring, many people struggle with their digital habits.

    As Sameer Samat, US tech Company Google's vice president of product management, said in his speech at the 2018 Google I/O developer conference on May 8, 70 percent of people don't want to spend so much time on their phones.

    This is why during the conference Google introduced an app called Dashboard for the new version (版本) of its Android operating system. This new app includes well-being functions that aim to help users manage the time they spend on their digital devices.

    It all starts with a bird's-eye view. Dashboard allows users to look at all the details of their phone habits. For example, a user can see how many times they've unlocked their phone and how many times they've checked their social media apps, as well as how much time they spend on each app every day.

    Once the users see this information, they'll be able to make some changes. With the App Timer function, users can set a time limit for how long they can use each app for every day. After they've hit the limit, they won't be able to launch the app until the next day.

    But even if users become more mindful of their usage, they're still likely to be drawn in by notifications (通知). This is where the Shush feature comes in. It automatically (自动地) silences incoming calls and notifications when a user puts their phone face down.

    If people truly want to make full use of their free time instead of losing hours using their smart phones, these new functions are just one way of doing that.

After all, who needs to use an app to stop you from using other apps when the easiest answer would be just to use your willpower?

阅读理解

    As early as 2005, there were a number of new stories about dog cloning(克隆) and cat cloning. Animal cloning had been old news for nearly a decade by then, with the revolutionary (革命的) cloning of Dolly the sheep in Scotland.

    However, Snuppy was the first pet, a dog, to be cloned. Since the cloning of Snuppy, there has been some very successful cloning of pets and other animals. Lou Hawthorne started BioArts while cloning his beloved mixed-breed dog Missy. Hawthorne was very pleased with the results of the cloning, producing three successful clones that were very alike to the original in character and behavior. In January, 2009, a Florida couple, Ed and Nina Otto, announced that they had paid to have their dog cloned by BioArts.

    All new technology is overpriced. For example, personal computers were not very affordable at first. Only after the producing process was improved was it possible for every family to have a computer. How much room there will be for organizations to reduce the price point on pet cloning without broad demand is of course questionable.

    There are many great dogs and cats that can be found at the local dog pound (野狗收容所) or are given away for "free to good homes" in classified ads (分类广告). However, there is no limit to the value people place on a beloved pet. The Ottos are a good example of that. If people can buy a dog or cat with predictable behavior and characteristics, there is value in that. There is a predictable market here, though it may always be limited in size.

    While pet cloning has not taken off as some hoped, it's clear that it will become a bigger market in the future and it will be increasingly possible for people to try this out. With the inevitable (不可避免的) success that cloned pet owners will have, the practice will become more widely accepted and it seems inevitable that there is a future for cloned dogs and cats.

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