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题型:阅读选择 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

北京市海淀区2019届九年级下学期英语5月期中考试试卷

阅读理解

    You're not the same person you were as a child. You're not even the same person you were five years ago. We don't just mean your personality. While we'd love to start a never-ending discussion over the "true self", we're here to talk about the cells(细胞)in your body.

    Do you know how your fingernails and hair are constantly growing and replacing themselves? The same thing happens almost everywhere in your body. Your outer layer of skin makes way for fresher skin, and inside your veins(血管), blood cells turn over to make way for fresh blood. It's probably no surprise that these types of cells are short-lived, even some of the most seemingly permanent(永久的)parts of your body replace themselves over time-including your bones.

    Strong as your bones might seem, the cells they're made of won't last a lifetime. Bones are masters at rebuilding themselves, which is why most broken bones can heal on their own into the right shape.

    Bones have special cells called osteoclasts(破骨细胞)whose job is to break down bone, even if it isn't broken, and send the minerals into the blood stream. This may sound frighteningly like your bones are wearing away, but your body knows what it's doing. As osteoclasts break down bone, osteoblasts(成骨细胞)build up new bone to replace the old. By the end of each year, about 10 percent of your entire adult skeleton will have been rebuilt through this process.

    If 10 percent of your bone breaks down every year, it must take about ten years to renew 100 percent of your skeleton. That would be a great guess, and it lines up nicely with the medical myth that the human body's cells are fully replaced every seven years, but the body is a bit more complex. That 10 percent is just an average-some bone grows faster than that, and some grows slower. While some parts of your bone will turn over quickly, other parts will stick around for decades. In fact, most bone cells could live as long as 50 years.

    So before you get wrapped up in an identity crisis(危机)about the cells in your body disappearing on you, know that you can lose some hair and you can cut your nails, but the bones of you aren't going anywhere-at least not very soon and not all at once.

(1)、Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A、All the cells in our body are the same ones that we were born with. B、Our blood cells are constantly growing and replacing themselves. C、It must take about 10 years to rebuild 100 percent of our skeleton. D、Osteoblasts can break down skin and also rebuild it over time.
(2)、The underlined words "wearing away" probably mean "______".
A、building up B、taking off C、dying out D、turning on
(3)、What does the passage mainly talk about?
A、Our skeleton seems permanent but renews itself over time. B、It is not surprising that some cells in our body are short-lived. C、There are two types of cells in our bones: osteoclasts and osteoblasts. D、We are not the same person we were five years ago because of personality.
举一反三
 阅读理解

Chinese calligraphy is an important part of traditional Chinese culture. Calligraphy started in China and spread to other parts of Asia with Chinese culture. It has a history of 4,000 to 5,000 years. Calligraphy is the art of writing Chinese characters (汉字) and rules of writing with a brush. When you practice calligraphy, it is important to pay attention to the changes of the strokes (笔画) and the spaces between characters. 

There are many famous calligraphers in history, such as Wang Xizhi and Yan Zhenqing. Different calligraphy works can show different calligraphers' feelings and personalities. Today, they can be seen on the walls of offices, shops, hotels and many other places. 

"If I live in China, I will become a calligrapher rather than a painter for sure," the world-famous master of art, Picasso said. He fell in love with Chinese calligraphy as soon as he saw Zhang Daqian's works. 

The tool for practicing calligraphy is calligraphy brushes. They are usually made from the hair of different animals. Practicing calligraphy takes a lot of time and many people take lessons to learn it. During the lessons, they can learn how to write different strokes of Chinese characters. If you're interested in it, you may start practicing with a teacher right away. 

Calligraphy, an amazing traditional art form, shows the love that all Chinese people have for culture and beauty. Chinese people of all ages practice calligraphy often, not to be a calligrapher, but to enjoy the peaceful mind.

 阅读理解

Circles can be found everywhere in the natural world, but with no exact way to measure (测量) thc. They are very mysterious (神秘的) and might never be completely understood. When you take the distance around a circle and divide it by the distance across a circle, you will always get Pi. While Pi is about 3. 14 when round ed, it is endlessly long. With the help of computers, mathematicians (数学家) have been able to work Pi out to over a trillion decimal places (小数点后万亿位). This makes Pi mysterious, even to the most famous mathematicians.

Pi Day is celebrated on March 14, since the way we write this date, 3/14, looks just like Pi when rounded. In 2009, U.S. Congress voted to formally make March 14 Pi Day. Certain parts of the world — places where March 14 is written as 14/3 — will instead celebrate Pi Approximation Day which takes place on July 22nd because of the division (除法) result of 22/7.

Pi has appeared in movies, comics, music, and more. "In modern movies, any time the filmmaker wants to create a sense of mystery, the  symbol Pi is used," says Blatner. People also love working to remember the digits ( 数 位 ) of Pi and competing against  others to  see who can remember most. The Guinness World Record for remembering the most digits  of Pi is  held by  Lu  Chao  of China, who successfully remembered Pi to nearly 67,000 decimal places.

Above all, Pi Day is about having fun with the number, according to Blatner. People will celebrate Pi Day by eating pie and throwing pie, and with fun Pi-related games. Princeton, New Jersey holds a series of Pi-related festivities. Events this year include a surprise birthday party for Albert Einstein whose birthday also falls on March 14, and a "Walk a Pi Event" where participants will walk 3. 14 miles together. Just like the number itself, the possibilities for Pi Day are truly endless.

 阅读下面材料, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

①Have you ever experienced a quiet carriage(车厢) while traveling by high- speed train in China? According to China State Railway Group, some high- speed trainlines, including the Beijing- Shanghai, Beijing- Guangzhou, and Chengdu- Chongqing lines, have introduced quiet carriage services. The service is popular among travelers and has become a hot topic on Weibo.

②  Passengersareabletochoosequietcarriageswhenbookingtrainticketson12306.  cn—the official train ticket booking system website. On the 12306 App, trains with quiet carriages will have a Chinese character"静" to remind passengers. If you want to buy a second- class ticket with quiet carriages, you can choose" Please first allocate(分配) a quiet carriage seat for me."

③Upon booking, a friendly reminder will pop up. Passengers in the quiet carriage are expected to follow these agreements, including using headphones when listening to music, turning mobile phones to silent mode, stepping out of the quiet carriage when making or receiving calls, and making sure children remain well- behaved.

④There are clear signs on the doors and walls of the quiet carriages. These remind everyone to keep silent. To further create a quiet environment, the voice announcements(通知) in the quiet carriage are lowered to 30% to 40% of the normal volume(音量).

⑤What's more, the staff on the train remind each passenger of the arrival information one- on- one. They also provide gentle reminders to the passengers, reminding them to keep a quiet environment within the quiet carriage. The meal service staff will also refrain from introducing products and services within the carriages. If passengers want to order food, they can conveniently scan(扫描) the QR code on the armrest of their seat, then the staff will quickly pick up the order and bring the food to them. The train also provides passengers with eye masks and earphones.

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