题型：阅读表达 题类：真题 难易度：普通
北京市2017年中考英语试卷
What's in a Name?
Many American names come from England. But where did most English names come from?
Centuries ago, most people in England had only one name-- their first name. In the 11th century, five or six of the 50 people in a village might be named William, and it was easy to get confused. But in the Middle Ages, people found a way to describe each person exactly. If there were four Williams in one village, one might be referred to as William the son of John. A second might be called William from the hill. A third, William the blacksmith(铁匠). And a fourth, William the brown haired. In conversation, people might refer to the four Williams as William John's son, William hill, William smith, and William brown.
It was 300 or 400 years before the extra(附加的) names gradually developed into last names, or surnames. They were passed on from generation to generation. By the 1300s, Robert, the son of William smith, had the name Robert smith, even if he was not a blacksmith like his father. As the last name became widely accepted, the first letter was capitalized, as in Robert Smith. By the 15th century, most people of the upper and middle classes had surnames.
Many surnames were based on father-son relations. The "son of" part was added to the father's first name, like Johnson, meaning John's son. Sometimes it was shortened to just "s", as in Jones or Evans.
Surnames like Hill described the place where a person lived. They are the most common type of surname. A third kind of surname was based on a person's job. Forester was someone who looked after the forest. In the Middle Ages, occupation names such as Baker, Carpenter, and Miller became common. The fourth kind of surname was nickname(绰号). A man whose surname was Bear might be as fierce as a bear.
Have you ever wondered why some surnames are so common? The most common surname in the English language is Smith. Being able to make metals(金属)into tools was an important skill in the Middle Ages, and many people were trained as blacksmiths. The most common American surnames are Smith, Johnson, William and Brown.
根据短文内容回答下列问题
Jake's Home Page
about me diary photos e—mail webcam home | Once upon a time, a personal diary was something you kept hidden away. It was where you wrote down your most private thoughts and feelings, knowing that no one else would read it. Then along came the Internet, and now the idea of a private diary seems old—fashioned. Many teenagers like writing online diaries because they feel free to write anything. “In real life, you can't always say what you think,” says Jake, an eighteen-year-old from New York. “On the Internet, you can express yourself more freely.” Fans of Jake's site log on to find out what he's been up to. What he's wearing and how he feels. He gets around two hundred letters a day from people who read his online diary. Some people are not sure that online diaries are a good idea. “Teenagers need to be careful with what they write on a website,” says Patricia Chadwick. “You don't know who is visiting your website and whether they will try to find you,” she says. “It's playing with fire.” Jake doesn't agree. “Sometimes people are a bit rude,” he says, “but I just pay no attention to them. Most of the feedback（反馈）I get is pleasant and hopeful.” He goes on, “people reading other people's diaries is nothing new. My brothers used to secretly read my diary when we were kids. The only difference is this one is seen by a lot more people!” |
My hometown is different from what it looked like before. To be honest, it is more beautiful than before. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Ten years ago, it used to be a poor village. There was only one mountain path (小路) to go there. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} People lived in low strawthatched cottages (破草房). Now my hometown has changed a lot since our government helped us. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} So it's convenient to go in and out of our hometown. Also, we have built some schools so that the children can receive a good education. As people have made more money by working in the cities, or planting more economic crops (经济作物). {#blank#}4{#/blank#} All the villagers are living in new houses, some even in large buildings. There is a beautiful park in our town. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}Every day, after dinner people would like to go to the park to enjoy themselves. We are living a happy life now.
|
A. We have built a new highway. B. It has been there for 3 years. C. Great changes have already taken place here in the past ten years. D. Would you like to visit my hometown? E. Only one or two families had bikes or radios. F. Most families have had a car or a truck. |
|
A. But they still don't become desert B. But more and more of the earth is becoming desert all the time C. Without the plants D. Plants don't let the wind blow the earth away E. They want to bring water to the deserts |
Scientists are trying to turn deserts into usable land again. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}, so people can live and grow food. They are learning a lot about deserts. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}. Scientists may not be able to change these deserts. People are doing bad things to our planet.
Some places don't get much rain. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}. This is because green plants are growing there. Small green plants and grass are very helpful for dry places. Plants don't let the hot sun make the soil too dry. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}. When a little bit of rain falls, the plants hold the water. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}, land can turn to desert much more easily.
Lila was a smart girl, but she couldn't see things clearly. She loved to ride her bike. But she couldn't see the way before her.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}，But she couldn't see the ball when it was coming. Lila loved to go to school.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}.
One day Lila's mum took her to see an eye doctor.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}. When Lila put on her glasses, she could not believe all the things were so clear!{#blank#}4{#/blank#}. She could ride her bike around the neighborhood{#blank#}5{#/blank#}. And she could see the words on the blackboard at school. She wanted to wear her glasses every day.
|
A. Lila was so happy to be able to see things clearly. B. She didn't like to go to school. C. But she couldn't see the words on the blackboard. D. She loved to play basketball. E. The doctor said Lila needed a pair of glasses. F. She could play basketball with her friends. G. Lila didn't want to play with her friends. |
Car pool(拼车)
"Beep, beep," goes the car horn(喇叭).You've got dressed，but you've not had time to eat breakfast. You run out of the front door with your schoolbag, and jump into the waiting car. Inside, your Friends say "hey" as one of their parents drives you to school. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}
Car pools are a common way of transportation for many students in the US. You, along with many of your friends, can sit in one car.{#blank#}2{#/blank#} And your parents may take turns to drive you all to school {#blank#}3{#/blank#} If you're late, you can eat that breakfast you don't have time for at home. If you're behind on your homework. this is your last chance to finish it before class. Some simply add to their sleep time before classes begin.
Besides walking or cycling to class, car pools are green if you can't take the school bus. Instead of four cars taking four students to school each day, they can all squeeze (挤) into one. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}
More importantly, car pooling teaches students valuable life lessons not taught in class. It can teach students about being on time. It can also teach them the bad influence of being late. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}
|
A. What do friends do in the car? B. This is the daily car pool to school. C. Of course, it's better to take the school bus. D. Why is car pool so popular in the USA? E. Think of how much oil that can save! F. You share the journey to school each day. G If you're late, then all of your friends will be late too. |
试题篮
