- 二一组卷

题型：阅读选择题类：真题难易度：困难

广东省2019年中考英语试卷（含听力音频）

阅读理解

In our daily life, robots are often found to do work that is too dangerous, boring, difficult, or dirty. And we often see kids play with toy robots.

But what exactly is a robot? There are some important characteristics(特征) that a robot must have. These characteristics might help you to decide what is and what is not a robot. It will also help you to decide what you will need to build into a machine before it can be considered as a robot. A robot has these important characteristics.

Sensing First of all, your robot would have to be able to sense the environment around it.

Give your robot sensors (传感器): light sensors( eyes ), touch sensors (hands), chemical sensors(nose), hearing sensors(ears) and taste sensors (tongue).

Movement A robot needs to be able to move around its environment. It can move on wheels, walk on legs or be driven by small engines(发动机). A robot can move either the whole body or just parts of it.

Energy A robot needs to be able to power itself. Some robots might power itself with sunlight, some might with electricity, while others with the battery(电池). The way your robot gets its energy will depend on what your robot needs to do.

Intelligence A robot needs some kind of "smarts". A programmer is the person who gives the robot its "smarts". The robot will have to have a certain way to receive the program so that it knows what it is to do.

（1）、The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 is about ____.

A、the toy B、the characteristic C、the machine D、the engine

（2）、The chemical sensors may help a robot to ____.

A、See B、catch C、hear D、smell

（3）、In how many ways can a robot power itself according to the passage?

A、Two. B、Three. C、Four. D、Five.

（4）、The Chinese meaning of "Intelligence" in the last paragraph is ____.

A、能源 B、勤奋 C、智能 D、外观

（5）、What is the main purpose of the passage?

A、To help people understand what a robot is. B、To tell what a robot can do in our life. C、To describe the movement of a robot. D、To introduce the history of robots.

举一反三

    When you watch TV and play video games you make global(全球的) warming worse! It may seem hard to believe, but when electricity is made, so are greenhouse gases(温室气体). This means that every time you use electricity you help make global warming worse!
    Cars are also making global warming worse. They burn fossil fuels(化石燃料) in their engines, and send lots of greenhouse gases into the air.
Global warming may be a big problem, but we can all help stop it. People can try to drive their cars less. Or even get ones that run on sunlight! You can also help. Let's try one of these top ideas:
    (1) Try to use less electricity. Turn off lights, your television, and your computer when you've stopped using them. To make electricity, fossil fuels are burned in big factories. But burning fossil fuels also makes greenhouse gases. You should also try to watch less TV.
    (2) Plant trees. Not only is it a fun thing to do, but it is also a great way to lower the number of greenhouse gases in the air. Trees take carbon dioxide out of the air when they grow.
    (3) Don't throw away your rubbish, try to recycle it. If rubbish is not recycled, it is put in the ground. There it rots(腐烂) and makes a greenhouse gas called methane(甲烷).So try to recycle cans, bottles, plastic bags and newspapers. It'll make you feel great! And it'll help the Earth.

阅读理解

Basketball, running and swimming are popular events (项目) at the Olympics. But there are also some events that are not as popular. Some are even very strange. Let's see if you have any knowledge about the following events.

Tug-of-war

This event started in 1900 and left the Olympics in 1920. The team wins if they pull the rope past a certain point first. Interestingly, more than one team from a country can enter in this event. This makes it possible for one country to win several medals

Rope climbing

It first appeared as an Olympic sport in 1896. The climber who spends the shortest time reaching the top is the winner. The rope used to be 15 meters long. Years later, it was shortened to 8 meters, for some reason. After 1932, there was no rope climbing in the Olympics.

Race walking

In race walking, walkers have to win the race by walking. To make sure that they do not run, race walkers must have one foot on the ground at all times. Race walking has been an Olympic sport since 1904. Men enter in 20 kilometer and 50 kilometer races; women only race 20 kilometers.

根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。

China covers a large area and there are 56 peoples in it. So China has a variety of Chinese food with different but mouth-watering flavor (风味). Generally speaking, Chinese food can be mainly divided into eight cuisines (菜系). Let's have a look at some of them.

Sichuan cuisine is hot, spicy (辣的) and sour. It has something to do with the wet weather of that area and people need hot food to stay away from the wet. There are many popular dishes that stand for Sichuan cuisine like Kung Pao Chicken.

Zhejiang cuisine is from the local dishes of Hangzhou,

Ningbo and Shaoxing. Food in Zhejiang has a pleasant smell and it tastes fresh. And most of the dishes are perfectly made. If you visit Zhejiang, you must taste Dongpo Pork.

Fujian cuisine often uses materials from the sea to cook.

It tastes light and the colour is beautiful. You can enjoy different kinds of soup in Fujian, because many dishes of Fujian cuisine are served in soup, like Fo Tiao Qiang.

Shandong cuisine is very famous in northern China. It includes much seafood which tastes light and fresh. It is also the symbol of cooking culture along the Yellow River. Its most famous dish is Sweet and Sour Carp (鲤鱼).

根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。

Problems between parents and children are common. If you need to improve your relationship with your parents, you are not alone. To develop a better relationship with your parents, you should change how you think and do things. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}

Act first. Don't wait for your parents to try to improve the relationship. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} Be thankful to your parents. Think about everything that your parents have done for you. You are sure to feel thankful to them. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} Give them a nice gift or do some housework without being asked. They will be happy with you for these actions.

{#blank#}4{#/blank#} Talk to your parents about things that you care about and your feelings about these things. Often talk to them, and your parents can understand you better. If so, it's easy for them to discuss things that you are interested in and develop the relationship.

Accept that your parents are different. They grow up in a different situation with different technologies. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}Try to remind them of any problem in their relationships with their parents because of these differences.

Use these ways when you talk to your parents to improve your relationship with them.

A. Here is some advice for you.

B. So they think in a different way.

C. Show your thanks with your actions.

D. Be open and honest.

E. You should take action first.

完形填空

In learning English, one should first pay attention to listening and speaking. It is the groundwork for reading and writing. You'd better 1 your best to speak while you do much listening. Don't be 2 of making mistakes. But be careful not to let them stop you 3 improving your English. While you are doing this, a good 4 is to write or keep a diary, or write notes or letters. Then if you can, ask others to go through 5 you have written and tell you where it is wrong. Many mistakes in your speaking will be 6 found when you write. Through correcting mistakes, you can do better in learning English.

If you are slow in speaking, don't 7 about it. One of the helpful ways is reading, either aloud or to yourself. The most important thing is to choose 8 interesting to read. It mustn't be too difficult for you. When you are reading 9 this way, don't stop to 10 the new words if you can guess their meanings when they have nothing to do with the sentences. You can do that some other time.

阅读理解。

Scientists have found that plants can make sounds.

A scientist, Lily Hadany, and her team recorded(录制) tomato plants at different times. It showed that the plants made ultrasonic(超声波) sounds. People could only hear them with the help of a computer. They were noises like clicking(发出咔嗒声) sounds.

As scientists studied the sounds, they began to find some interesting facts. Plants made different sounds at different time. They seldom clicked when they had enough water, but when they needed water, they clicked more and more. Scientists also found that plants made sounds when they got hurt. When scientists cut off a leaf from the plants, the plants also clicked more. But this kind of clicking wasn't the same as when the plants needed water.

Some scientists designed a computer AI system to tell the different kinds of clicking sounds. It was able to find the difference between plants that needed water and plants with cuts. It means that one day we may be able to use these sounds to figure out when it is in difficult time, and what problem it is having. That could be very helpful to farmers.

The team's finding changes our ideas about plants. As Dr Hadany says, "Even in a quiet field, there are sounds made by plants, and those sounds carry information and may help us a lot. "

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