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题型:阅读理解 题类:模拟题 难易度:普通

江西省上高二中2019届高三英语5月全真模拟试卷

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

    It began as a game: High school and college students studying computer technology figured out they could use personal computers to break into telephone company computers and make free, long-distance telephone calls. These young computer talents soon gained the name "hackers".

    Police arrested a few hackers, but many went on to even more complex hacking. One of them was arrested for making illegal telephone calls and later he used a phone to change a police officer's credit records to get back at the officer for arresting him. He also used a computer to change his college records to give himself better grades.

    As hackers gained experience, they began invading computers at banks, airlines and other businesses. In one case a hacker instructed an airline's computer to give him free airplane tickets.

    The U.S. government is worried that hackers may break into its networks of defense computers. The government's secrets are easily attacked because thousands of government computers are connected by telephone lines that hackers can get into.

    In November 1988, a college student entered a U.S. Defense Department computer network called Arpanet. The hacker injected a computer program that made copies of itself throughout Arpanet. Some hackers use viruses to destroy all the data in a computer. But in this case, government officials shut down the network before the program reached every computer in the system. Shutting down the system angered many researchers who were using the computers. The hacker turned himself in to the police and he was charged with a crime.

    The incident put the spotlight on computer hacking in the United States. Many companies have hired experts to protect their computers from hackers, and many computer experts now advise companies on how to protect their computers.

    The U.S. government believes foreign governments have hired hackers to try to break into top-secret defense computers.

    Experts disagree over whether a computer network can ever be safe from hacking. But in the future, some of the most outstanding minds in the U.S. will be working to frustrate the attempts of computer hackers.

(1)、What did the first hackers do?
A、They broke into government computers. B、They destroyed airplane ticket systems. C、They played computer games. D、They made free phone calls.
(2)、Why can U.S. government computers be easily hacked into?
A、They have no defense systems. B、They are connected by telephone lines. C、They are partly accessible to the public. D、They lack complex processing programs.
(3)、What happened to the government computers in November 1988?
A、They lost all of the important data. B、They were shut down by researchers. C、They were invaded by a college student. D、They got totally ruined by a computer program.
(4)、What did companies decide to do to protect their computer systems?
A、Employ computer talents. B、Build secret defense systems. C、Ask the government for help. D、Collect and analyze the data of hackers.
举一反三
阅读理解

If you live in a big city, there are many things to drive youcrazy on your daily route, and it's not just overcrowded subway trains.

Vicky Zhao is a mainlander working in Hong Kong. For her, onething she can't put up with is people standing on the wrong side of theescalator(自动扶梯)in subwaystations. “Escalators help us move faster and save time. It isn't a place torest,” the 24-year-old says. “I often see tourists block the way with theirsuitcases or chatting on the escalators during rush hours. It annoys meto no end.”

Admitting she is not the patient type, Zhao says things are muchbetter in Hong Kong than in cities on the mainland where “stand right, walkleft” signs are often ignored.

The logic behind the “stand right, walk left” escalatoretiquette(礼仪)seems obvious.Even though you may want to catch your breath while you're transported up ordown, you should still consider others and leave enough space for people in ahurry, so that they can run and catch the train.

Many cities' escalators, including London's and Beijing's, usethe “stand right, walk left” system to speed up the flow of people.(Australia isan exception and you should stand on the left side instead.)But somecities discourage people from moving on escalators out of safety reasons. InHong Kong's subway stations there are regular announcements asking people to“stand still” on escalators. Even so, most people in this fast-paced cityobserve the “stand right, walk left” etiquette.

But the people who stand on escalators defend themselves bytelling the walkers not to be so impatient. The BBC quotes one stander assaying:“If the person is in such a rush, why not just take the stairs?Even when the escalator is packed and there's nowhere to move, I see these samepeople complaining about not being able to pass.

Whatever the escalator etiquette is in the place you live orvisit, do what most people are doing and always be mindful of others: leaveenough space between each other, don't stay at the end of the escalator, and ifsomeone is blocking your way, a simple “excuse me” is enough.

阅读理解

    When I was a child, my grandmother Adele took me to museums, restaurants, dances. She showered me gifts from her travels around the world. But I can only remember a book she gave me—one book that, to this day, I have not read. She presented me with her own favorite childhood book: Hans Brinker. My grandmother was happy to share this book with me. She even decorated the title page with her proud writing.

    I tried to read it. I adored reading, and would dive into a new pile of books from the library all at once. But something about Hans Brinker just wouldn't let me in. The story was set in Holland, a long time ago. It felt dull and unfamiliar, even though I was a fan of classics of other times and places. I simply read the first pages over and over. I could not progress.

    Standing on a bookshelf in our living room, the book was like something I avoided. It scolded me for not being interested, for not trying hard enough, for disappointing my grandmother. The book started to fit in, almost forgotten, until Adele asked. Had I read it? Did I like it? Always determined, she wanted to know the answer. I would make some kind of excuse, but feel bad, and open it again, hoping for a new reaction. The book weighed on me.

    Years passed and finally Adele and I both accepted that I would never read Hans Brinker. Eventually I cleared the book from the shelf. The Hans Brinker experience led me to set a rule that I've lived by ever since: Do not ask about a book given as a gift and don't let anything become your barrier. What Adele originally wanted to do is to give book-giving special meaning, but she increased the possibility of the owner to be a disappointment.

阅读理解

    One day a mime(哑剧演员) is visiting the zoo and tries to earn some money as a street performer. As soon as he starts to draw a crowd, a zookeeper pulls him into his office. The zookeeper explains that the zoo's most popular attraction, a gorilla(大猩猩), has died suddenly and the keeper fears that attendance(出席人数) at the zoo will fall off. He offers the mime a job to dress up as the gorilla. The mime accepts.

    The next morning the mime puts on the gorilla suit and enters the cage before the crowd comes. He soon discovers he can sleep, play and make fun of people and he draws bigger crowds than he ever did as a mime — the job he likes but loses.

    However, with days going by, he begins to notice that the people are paying more attention to the lion in the cage next to his. Not wanting to lose the attention of his audience, he climbs to the top of his cage, crawls across a partition(隔墙), and dangles(悬挂) from the top to the lion's cage. The lion gets angry at this. The scene is a fuel to the crowd.

    At the end of the day he is given a raise for being such a good attraction — well, this continues for some time. The crowds grow larger, and the mime's pay keeps going up.

    Then one day when he is dangling over the lion he slides and falls. The mime is terrified. He starts screaming “Help me!”, but the lion is quick. The mime soon finds himself flat on his back looking up at the angry lion and the lion says, “Shut up you fool! Do you want to get us both fired?”

阅读理解

    When her five daughters were young, Helene An always told them that there was strength in unity (团结). To show this, she held up one chopstick, representing one person. Then she easily broke it into two pieces. Next, she tied several chopsticks together, representing a family. She showed the girls it was hard to break the tied chopsticks. This lesson about family unity stayed with the daughters as they grew up.

    Helene An and her family own a large restaurant business in California. However, when Helene and her husband Danny left their home in Vietnam in 1975, they didn't have much money. They moved their family to San Francisco. There they joined Danny's mother, Diana, who owned a small Italian sandwich shop. Soon afterwards, Helene and Diana changed the sandwich shop into a small Vietnamese restaurant. The five daughters helped in the restaurant when they were young. However, Helene did not want her daughters to always work in the family business because she thought it was too hard.

    Eventually the girls all graduated from college and went away to work for themselves, but one by one, the daughters returned to work in the family business. They opened new restaurants in San Francisco and Los Angeles. Even though family members sometimes disagreed with each other, they worked together to make the business successful. Daughter Elisabeth explains, "Our mother taught us that to succeed we must have unity, and to have unity we must have peace. Without the strength of the family, there is no business."

    Their expanding business became a large corporation in 1996, with three generations of Ans working together. Now the Ans' corporation makes more than $20 million each year. Although they began with a small restaurant, they had big dreams, and they worked together. Now they are a big success.

阅读理解

Max Du won the Canada-Wide Science Fair. His project is a drone (无人机) to save people who go into cardiac (心脏的) arrest. Max got the inspiration during Christmas break last year. "I got a toy drone from my parents, but I couldn't fly it because it is snowy." Max said. "So I played with it at home, and it got me thinking how a drone could be used as an indoor robot that could help people."

About 35, 000 people have cardiac arrests in Canada each year. Most of those happen outside of a hospital, of whom fewer than 10 percent survive. Max believed a drone could offer faster support and life-saving medicine, but he had to build it himself to know for sure.

Testing his drone took about six months. Max's parents had to deal with their son's constantly flying and crashing in the home. Every time Max would create an exciting innovation, such as an extendable arm, it would add extra weight to his drone, causing it to break apart. Then Max would have to buy all new parts. Max tested using more lightweight materials until his design was more balanced.

Through trial and error, the 14-year-old boy finally got it right. His drone can open a door handle, fly in the air and then land softly on the ground. A new extendable arm can be released to administer a shot or hand a patient lifesaving medicine. A built-in camera could directly conference with an emergency response team whose members could monitor the patient remotely.

Max plans on applying for a patent (专利) so he can make connections in the health-care industry to get it made for real. He's spent his summer learning about artificial intelligence at California's Stanford University as one of 32 kids selected worldwide. He'll head next to the University of Pennsylvania to take a college-level robotics class before returning to high school in September.

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