根据内容完成Sally's family tree.

    I'm Sally, I'm a student in No.14 Middle School. This is my family tree. You can see it is a big family. My father is Jonathan, my mother is Claire. They have three children. My brother's name is William and my sister's name is Olivia. My grandparents Jerry and Elizabeth have two sons. My uncle Mike and my aunt Sarah have a son, his name is Joseph. He is my cousin. He is four years old. We all love him very much.

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    I once believed that a friend is a friend all the way. Now I have changed my ideas about friendships.

    1). Friends of convenience(便利). They can be the people who live next door or the mothers of our children's closest friends. Friends of convenience are good indeed. They'll help us when we need it. They'll look after our cats when we go on holidays. But we don't ever get too close or tell too much. Between us, we'll talk about being overweight but not about being sad or disappointed(失望). However, people still find it necessary to make friends like this.

    2). Special-interest friends. These friendships aren't deeply personal or emotional(感情上的). They lie in some shared interests, so we may have an office friend, a tennis friend, or even a shopping friend.

    3). Historical friends. We all have a friend who knew us when…maybe we were back in the second grade of primary school, when our family lived in that two-room flat downtown. He or she was the first, the only friend we told our secrets to.

    The years have gone by, and we have gone different ways. But we're still a personal part of each other's past. We know how we looked before our teeth were straightened(矫正), and our getting together makes us think of an earlier part of ourselves, which is important and never lost.

    4). Cross-generational friends. These are friendships that from across generations(代). I have in my own life a precious(珍贵的) friend, a woman of 65, who is clever, who listens well, and who means not only an ideal mother to me but also the person I'd like to be when I grow up.

    Best friends, I believe, totally love and help each other.

    Tara and Beth met in a dancing class and became close friends very quickly. Soon Beth felt comfortable talking to Tara about her own problems, and Tara was always happy to listen to her. One day, Beth heard some other girls talking about the things that only she and Tara knew. Later, Beth found out that Tara was talking behind her back. Beth didn't understand how Tara could be so nice when she was with her, but be a different person when they were not together. The next day at school, Beth started saying bad words about Tara. From then on, when they met, they both said bad words about each other.

    It was clear that Tara was not a very good friend to Beth when she talked behind Beth's back. Why did Tara start doing this? Was she not a nice person? Maybe not. There might be something else going on.

    At last, Beth found out that Tara's problem came from jealousy(嫉妒), because Tara didn't have nice clothes or expensive things like Beth's.

根据短文内容，完成下列表格。

    While you are at the bookstore, you may be faced with a difficult decision: e-books or paper books? Each one has its advantages and disadvantages. Making the best decision depends on a number of factor (因素).

    An e-reader can carry a whole library wherever you go, which is great for travelers or those who always want a choice of reading material Although e-readers are convenient, high levels of screen brightness from an electronic device(电子设备) can cause eye problems. A study in the Information Science Research found that young people preferred e-readers, like smart phones or iPads. That's why most teenagers are short-sighted.

    Many book lovers still prefer paper books and value the feeling of them. Paper books are very well designed, they look and smell good, and they carry with them a more human touch. Avid (热衷的)readers prefer reading on paper. Perhaps this is their choice because paper books give them a sense of ownership. It is reported that reading on paper rather than an electronic screen is better for memory and focus. But paper books are heavy and they are not convenient to carry.

    Which is your decision, an e-book or a paper book?

    There is half a glass of water on the table. Is the glass half empty or half full? This question can represent a situation where there is both opportunity(机会) and trouble, but people with different point of views see the same situation in different ways. Ask yourself this question and see what kind of person you are.

    If your answer is "half empty", it shows that you tend to look on the dark side of things. You are a negative-thinking person. You are worried about what you don't have or what you have lost more than what you already or still have. In other words, you are a pessimist(悲观主义者).

    If you see the glass as half full, you tend to look on the bright side of things. You are a positive-thinking person. You know you should take the opportunity that comes your way rather than worry about getting into trouble. This is to say, you are an optimist.

    We don't live in a perfect world, but if we can change the way we see things, the things we see will change.