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    Tu Youyou, an 84-year-old scientist, became the first female (女性) Chinese to win a Nobel Prize in science on Oct,5. She shared the 2015 Nobel Prize for medicine because of the new medicine for malaria(疟疾). Tu started the research in the 1970s that made her find artemisinin(青蒿素), a kind of medicine that has saved many people's lives. It comes from Chinese traditional medicine and now is a good way to treat malaria.

    When the news came that Tu was given the prize, there were cheers as well as questions. Some said that her achievement(成就) was the result of lots of Chinese scientists working together. So it is unfair to give the prize only to Tu.

    However, Tu was awarded for “three firsts”. She was the first to bring artemisinin to her team, the first to extract(提取) artemisinin that can stop malaria, and the first to finish the experiment.

    Giving prizes to scientists with great ideas is the best way to keep national innovation(创新).

    A farmer had a cow. He took very good care of this cow and one day when it was ill, he was very worried. He telephoned the vet.（兽医）

  “What's the problem?” The vet asked him when he arrived.

  “My cow's ill” the farmer said. “I don't know what the matter with her is. She's lying down and won't eat. She's making a strange noise.”

The vet looked over the cow. "She's certainly ill," he said, "and she needs to take some very strong medicine."

    He took a bottle（瓶子） out of his box, put two pills（药丸） into his hand and said, "Give her these. The pills should make her better” How should I give them to her?” the farmer asked.

    The vet gave him a tube (管子)and said, "Put this tube in her mouth, then put the pills in the tube and blow. That will make it."

    The next day the farmer sat outside his house and looked more worried.

   “How's your cow?” the vet asked.” No change,” the farmer said, “and I am feeling very strange myself. I did what you said, I put the tube(管子) in the cow's mouth and then put two pills down it.” And?” the vet asked.” The cow blew first, and blew the pills to my mouth.” the farmer said.

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    As the saying goes, “Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish, and you feed him for a lifetime.” This is the way the charity organization Heifer International (国际小母牛慈善组织) wants to end world hunger.

    It began in the 1930s when an American farmer, Dan West, went to Spain to help people in need. He tried to feed the people with milk. But it seemed that there would never be enough milk. It made him think that what they needed was “not a cup, but a cow”.

    Dan West returned to America. He worked together with some friends to find ways to end hunger. He believed giving animals and providing training would stop world hunger. With his help, Heifer International was set up.

    On Heifer International's website, you will see a list of animals like cows, chickens, pigs and even fish and bees. You can offer help by buying some animals for one certain family. Those animals will have babies get better lives, they will pass on the act of kindness to others. More importantly, you are buying the resources (资源) for programs run by Heifer International to help more families.

    The programs also help small-sized farms. As a rule, each farmer must give his animal's first female (雌性) baby to another in need. Heifer International also provides training on animals' health and feeding. And these farmers all agree to teach others what they have learned as another rule.

    However, there is still a long way to go. The milk may run out. But if families have their own cows, they can get plenty of milk to feed themselves. The organization wants the farmers to go on working together, helping each other and learning from each other. Maybe hunger can really be stopped.