题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通
云南省玉溪一中2018-2019学年高二上学期英语期末考试试卷
Over millions of years, African penguins have developed a keen sense of where to find food. Once they're old enough, they set off from the shores on which they were hatched(孵化) for the first time and swim long distances in search of tasty fish like anchovies and sardines. But they don't search directly for the fish themselves. When African penguins head out to sea, they look for areas with low surface temperatures and high chlorophyll(叶绿素). Because those conditions signal the presence of algae(藻类). And lots of algae means lots of plankton(浮游动物), which in turn means lots of their favorite fish. Well, that's what it used to mean.
Climate change plus overfishing have made the penguin feeding grounds a mirage(海市蜃楼). The habitat is indeed plankton﹣rich, but now it's fish﹣poor. Researchers call this an "ecological trap." "It's a situation where you have a signal that previously pointed an animal towards good﹣quality habitat. That habitat has been changed, usually by human pressures. The signal stays, but the quality in the environment gets worse."
Richard Sherley, a zoologist at the University of Exeter and his team used satellite imaging to track the African penguins from eight sites along southern Africa. Historically, the birds benefited from tons of fish off the coasts of Angola, Namibia and western South Africa, but now they're going hungry.
"I was really hoping we'd see them going east, and finding areas which the fish had moved to but it ends up being quite a sad story for the penguins." said Richard.
The researchers calculate that by falling into this ecological trap, African penguin populations on South Africa's Western Cape have declined by around 80 percent.
Some research groups are exploring the idea of moving them to a place where they can't get trapped, like the Eastern Cape. But Sherley thinks that a solution in the long run means making and carrying out rules to create more sustainable(可持续的) fishing industry, which needs public support.
The 2019 Beijing Horticultural Expo, the largest of its kind, has chosen the theme "Live Green, Live Better". The expo, opened on April 29 in Yanqing District of Beijing, is scheduled to last for 162 days until October 7.
Tickets available
*Standard day ticket
*Designated day ticket
*Discounted ticket
*Group ticket
Designated days
*Labor Day holiday (May 1-4)
*Dragon Boat Festival holiday (June 7-9)
*Mid-Autumn Festival holiday (Sept 13-15)
*National Day holiday (Oct 1-7)
Tickets prices
*Standard day ticket: 120 yuan
*Ordinary designated day ticket: 160 yuan
*Discounted standard day ticket: 80 yuan
*Discounted designated day ticket: 120 yuan
Tickets are free for children under the age of six or shorter than 130 centimeters. Discounted tickets are available for those with disabilities, seniors (people aged at 60 or above), children, students and PLA soldiers.
Where to buy
Visitors can buy or book tickets from two online agents, seven travel agencies, or three event channels—the event WeChat account, the event app or Onsite ticket kiosks.
Opening hours
Opening at | Deadline for ticket sales | Deadline for admission | Closing at |
8 am | 6 pm | 6:30 pm | 9 pm |
Requirements
Buying tickets for Expo 2019 Beijing requires real-name registration, and all visitors are required to input information from their ID cards (or valid passports, mainland travel permits for Hong Kong and Macao residents, and mainland travel permits for Taiwan residents) to buy or book tickets online.
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