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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

山东省济南市2019届高三上学期英语期末考试试卷(含小段音频)

阅读理解

    In the middle of the 19th century,a fever dream of riches beyond measure drew countless explorers west to the mountains of central California. Although the gold rush ended up being a bust for many who sought a fortune,some of those explorers discovered a natural treasure that would draw permanent settlers to Yosemite Valley in the following decade.

    Vast wilderness,beautiful mountains,countless waterfalls,and abundant wildlife drew Native Americans to Yosemite roughly 10,000 years ago. The first non-native tourists arrived in the mid-1850s after reports from gold seekers told of an area of breathtaking beauty that no words were able to describe.

    Fortunately,some of Yosemite's earliest settlers recognized that Yosemite's natural beauty and resources needed to be preserved for future generations. In the midst of the Civil War,President Abraham Lincoln signed a grant to protect Yosemite permanently,thus making it the nation's first land to be dedicated to recreation and setting the stage for what would become the national park system.

    One of Yosemite's earliest ambassadors was Scottish-American naturalist and writer John Muir. After living in Yosemite for a few years,he helped define its proposed boundaries. He also wrote articles that helped lead to its official title as a National Park in 1890.He later co-founded the Sierra Club in 1892 to advocate for its continued preservation and protection.

    Located on the western slope of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in central California,Yosemite National Park runs across nearly 748,000 acres,almost 95%of which is wilderness. Around four million visitors come to Yosemite each year to camp,hike its miles of trails,climb its rock formations,and photograph its impressive sights. Are you ready to visit Yosemite National Park? Which of Yosemite's sights would you most like to experience?

(1)、Which of the following best explains “bust” underlined in Paragraph 1?
A、Memory. B、Symbol. C、Failure. D、Challenge.
(2)、When did the first non-native tourists come to Yosemite?
A、After it was discovered by gold seekers. B、When the gold rush finally came to a stop. C、Before native Americans found its beauty. D、When it became a National Park in 1890.
(3)、What do we learn about John Muir?
A、He was the first to build the national park. B、He helped set the boundaries of Yosemite. C、He wrote to collect money for Yosemite. D、He gave Yosemite an official name.
(4)、What do we know about Yosemite National Park?
A、It has been well preserved since the Civil War. B、It was originally created to protect wild animals. C、It used to be well-known for its man-made beauty. D、It was once damaged by some of its earliest settlers.
举一反三
阅读理解

    Having three cancer patients in the same household can turn a whole family upside down. Michelle Bruce, her husband, Jeremy, and their son, Holden, all had cancer. The family moved to Michelle's hometown of Franklin, Nebraska six years ago, so her parents could help.

    Doctors found Holden's brain tumor(肿瘤), when he was 12 years old. His family was living in a small town at the time, but there were related doctors in the state. Holden had two operations in Omaha clinic, both of which were tough.

    When Holden's cancer came back again in 2012, nothing could be done. But the family didn't give up. They reached out to Boston Children's Hospital, which has better equipment and doctors with more experience operating on kids. After looking at Holden's records, the doctor sent back her diagnosis: She was confident that she could remove the tumor.

    The family was beyond relieved, until they learned insurance wouldn't cover any of the operation's costs. The operation would cost $39,000 – more than the parents could afford. The family got desperate.

    In a town of just 1,000 people, however, word traveled fast. Within days, a local woman Michelle had never met in person called to say she was planning an event to raise money for Holden. Michelle was touched.

    The event was uplifting. Finally, the town raised $45,000 – enough to cover not just Holden's hospital bills, but for Michelle and Jeremy's trip to Boston with their son. “I just didn't know what to say,” said Michelle. “Nobody could really believe it.”

    Holden's operation went much more smoothly than the first two. He is cancer-free and now is attending Central Community College-Hastings on a full-ride scholarship.

阅读理解

Boston City View Bike Tour

    Boston City View Bike Tour offers an environmentally friendly and exciting bicycle tour of Boston—from historic places to strange neighborhood streets. The Boston City View Bicycle Tour is the classic tour for those looking to get a great introduction to Boston.

    Boston City View Bike Tour highlights(最精彩的部分):

    Tour includes comfortable bikes, helmet and water

    Friendly tour guides

    One guide for every 6 riders for safety and the quality of the experience

    Comfortable pace

    All levels and ages are welcome

    Child seats are offered if asked

    This tour covers all of Boston's best sites:

    Historic Fenway Park

    The Christian Science Center

    The Freedom Trail

    The beautiful brownstones in Back Bay and the South End

    The Rose Kennedy Greenway—Boston's newest public park

    The Charles River Esplanade

    The North End—Boston's oldest Italian neighborhood

    Copley square, where you'll see the Boston Public Library & Trinity Church

    Please note:

    You don't need to be Lance Armstrong to enjoy the Boston City View Bike Tour—all levels of riders are welcome. About 70% of riding is done on city streets, mixed with cars. The remaining 30% of the tour covers the bike path on the quiet streets.

    The tour is 2.5-3.5 hours long and covers 10-12 miles. It is a great way to entertain guests and get a little exercise.

    Make your book today and get your e-tickets for the Boston City View Bike Tour online.

    This tour is seasonal and runs daily from April 1st through Nov. 30th.

阅读理解

    Pangolins (穿山甲) are strange-looking creatures, covered with hard scales (鳞). They can roll up into a ball to protect themselves from enemies and have tongues that are longer than their bodies.

    Pangolins have recently become the focus of Chinese people. A screenshot (截屏) of a micro blog post showing some people eating pangolins at a feast spread. A few days later, people were angered again by pictures showing people eating protected animals, including pangolins.

    Yet this is only the tip of the iceberg. Many more pangolins have been hunted or killed. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), more than 1 million of them have been killed or sold in the last 10 years. It also said that they are the most illegally traded mammals in the world. In September 2016, the IUCN added the pangolin to the world's "endangered animals list". They are now more endangered than pandas.

    A growing trade of their scales and meat is the main reason for their decline in numbers. Many people in Asia and Africa consider pangolin meat is delicious. Some people even think pangolin scales have medical qualities. However, their scales are made of keratin (角蛋白), the same material human fingernails are made of.

    Luckily, the situation is getting better. World Pangolin Day is on the third Saturday of February each year. It's a day to help people know more about pangolins. The government now stops anyone from buying and eating pangolins in China. Breaking this law is regarded as a crime. The trade of pangolins across the world is also not allowed, according to the Convention on Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.

阅读理解

    What's fiercer than a lion? The honey badger (蜜獾), one of the toughest mammals in Africa and western Asia. Honey badgers stand less than a foot high. They are only a couple feet long. They weigh just over 20 pounds. Yet they have a reputation for toughness that is far greater than their size.

    So what makes the honey badger so tough? They have speed, but so do many animals. They aren't stronger than lions, so how do they stop them? The thing that sets the honey badge apart is their skin. Their skin is thick and tough. Arrows, spears, and bites from other animals can rarely go through it. Not only is their skin thick and tough, it is also loose. This allows them to twist and turn to fight back while another animal is attacking them.

    Honey badgers have long, sharp claws. These claws are good for attacking and even better for digging. Honey badgers are some of nature's most skilled diggers. They can dig a nine-foot tunnel into hard ground in about 10 minutes. They love to catch a meal by digging up the holes of frogs and snakes. They also use their digging skills to create their homes. They live in small holes in the ground and defend them fiercely.

    You don't get a reputation like the honey badger by running from danger. The honey badger is a fearless and tireless fighter. They will attack any creature that threatens them, man included. Because of the honey badger's reputation, most predators (食肉动物) avoid them. Some animals use the honey badger's reputation to their advantage. Adult cheetahs (猎豹) have spotted coats, but their kittens have silver manes (鬃毛) and look like honey badgers. Some scientists believe that their coloring tricks predators into avoiding them.

    You might be wondering: "If honey badgers are so tough, how did they get a name that makes them sound like a piece of candy?" The answer makes sense. Since honey badgers have such thick skin, bees rarely harm them. So honey badgers love to attack beehives(蜂窝). Honey badgers run after honey so aggressively that beekeepers in Africa have to use electric fencing to hold them back. There's nothing sweet about that.

阅读短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。

    Scientists have been studying how people use money for long. Now they're finding some theories may apply to one group of monkeys.

    Researchers recently taught six monkeys hos to use money. They gave the monkeys small metal disks (圆片) that could be used like cash and showed them some yummy apple pieces. The monkeys soon figured out that if they gave one of the disks to a scientist, they'd receive a piece of apple in return.

    If you think that is all the monkeys can figure out, you are wrong. Two researchers, Jake and Allison, acted as apple sellers in the experiments. The monkeys were tested one at a time and had 12 disks to spend in each experiment. Jake always showed the monkeys on apple piece, while Allison always showed two pieces. But that's not necessarily what they gave the monkeys. The number of apple pieces given for a disk was determined at random.

    Experiment One: Allison showed two pieces of apples but gave both piece only half the time. The other half, she took one piece away and gave the monkey just the remaining piece. Jake, on the other hand, always gave exactly what he showed: one piece for each disk. The monkeys chose to trade more with Allison.

    Experiment Two: Allison continued to sometimes gave two pieces and sometimes one piece. But now, half the time, Jake gave the one apple piece he was showing, and half the time he added a bonus. Guess what? The monkeys chose to trade more with Jake.

    In the first experiment, the monkeys correctly figured out that if they traded with Allison, they'd end up with more treats. In the second one, when a monkey received two pieces from Jake, it seemed like a gain. When Allison gave the monkey only one piece instead of the two she showed, it seemed like a loss. The monkeys preferred trading with Jake because they'd rather take a chance of seeming to win than seeming to lose.

    We also sometimes make silly business decisions just to avoid the feeling that we're getting less, even when we're not. Would you have made the same choices?

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