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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

江苏省梁丰高级中学2018-2019学年高一下学期英语开学检测试卷

阅读理解

    When you're a parent to a young child, you spend a lot of time talking about feelings: about having to share, about being disappointed because you may not have a cookie instead of broccoli (绿花椰菜), about the great injustice of a parent pressing the elevator button before the child has a chance to.

    And in a parenting culture that's increasingly concerned with centering children's needs above all else, mothers and fathers have become skillful at talking about their kids' feelings while masking their own. But new research suggests that parents who hide their negative emotions are doing their children, and themselves harm.

    A study published this month says that when parents put on a faux­happy (假开心) face for their kids,  they do damage to their own sense of wellbeing and authenticity.

"For the average parent the findings suggest when they attempt to hide their negative emotion expression and overexpress their positive emotions with their children, it actually comes at a cost: doing so may lead parents to feel worse themselves," researcher Dr. Emily Impett, says.

    It makes sense that parents often fall back on amping up (扩大) the positivity for the sake of their children — there are a lot of things in the world we want to protect our kids from. But children are often smarter than we expect and are quite in tune with what the people closest to them — their parents — are feeling.

    There was a time about a year or so ago, for example, when I received some bad news over the phone; I was home with my four­year­old and so I did my best to put on a brave face.  She knew immediately something was wrong though, and was confused.

    When I finally let a few tears out and explained that Mom heard something sad about a friend, she was, of course, just fine. My daughter patted my shoulder, gave me a hug, and went back to playing. She felt better that she was able to help me, and the moment made a lot more sense to her emotionally than a smiling mom holding back sobs. I was glad that I could feel sad momentarily and not have to work hard to hide that.

    Relaying positive feelings to your children when you don't feel them is a move the researchers called high cost — that it may seem like the most beneficial to your child at the time but that parents should find other ways of communicating emotions that "allow them to feel true to themselves".

    But this is also about children seeing the world in a more honest way. While we will want to protect our children from things that aren't age­appropriate or harmful, it's better to raise a generation of kids who understand that moms and dads are people too.

(1)、What is the typical behavior of parents when they bring up their children?
A、Allowing their children chances to do things themselves. B、Expressing their dissatisfaction with their children. C、Hiding their true emotions from their children. D、Sharing their favorite food with their children.
(2)、If parents put on a faux­happy face, ________.
A、their children will be protected B、their children will be taken in C、they will feel happy as a result D、they will undergo worse feelings
(3)、The author mentioned the example of her daughter to illustrate ________.
A、children are not so clever as parents think B、children can often understand parents' true feelings C、it's meaningful for parents to always look positive D、it's necessary to expose children to harmful things
(4)、We can conclude from the passage that ________.
A、protecting children from age­inappropriate things is important B、it makes sense for children to know their parents' negative feelings C、children will admire their parents more because of being protected D、separation from negative feelings helps children see the world honestly
举一反三
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的四项个选项(A,B,C和D)中选出最佳选项。

    It has been more than 50 years since Harvard Business School started admitting women, yet the institution(机构) is still trying hard to find out how to best attract and support them. Its latest effort: a program targeting women's colleges—place that are not traditional feeding grounds for the male-majority business school.

The program is called Peek. It offers juniors, seniors and recent graduates from women's colleges the opportunity to read and discuss four HBS case studies in class specially taught by top HBS members. About 50 to 70 promising students will pay $500 for their stay there.

Women make up 41 percent of Harvard Business School class of 2016—the most the school has had. In 1985, women made up only one-quarter of the graduating class. Harvard is not alone when it comes to struggling with a gender gap (性别差别). At Wharton, the class of 2016 is 40 percent women; at Standford Business School, it's 42 percent. No top business school had gotten to 50 percent yet.

    Despite the Peek program's good intention, the $500 fee bothered someone, said John A. Byrne, the editor of business school new site. "The fact that HBS would charge women for the chance of coming to campus rubbed a lot of people the wrong way,” said Byrne. HBS said the $500 fee was a “fair price” for room and daily meals at the business school for a weekend, and didn't actually cover the full costs of the program.

    For years, women students at Harvard Business School failed to keep pace with men. In 2010, Harvard business School got a new manager, Nitin Nohrin, who promised a turnaround. Nohrin designed a program to encourage women students and professors. He promised to change the school's case studies so that at least 20 percent of the people in the business texts would be women.

根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Are you new to experiencing relationships ? Well, let me give you some advice on how to have a healthy relationship with your partners.

    Be an honest person with them. Don't hide things from them, and don't lie. Don't be afraid to say things that aren't flattering about yourself. Getting them to trust you is the most important thing in any relationship. If there is no trust, there's nothing there. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    Make sure you give them respect. Now, respect isn't just simply treating them nicely. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} You have to learn to adjust to their liking. Basically, learn to study your partner's moods, wants and needs. Don't just think about yourself, but think about what your partners need as well.

    Make sure you are encouraging to your partners. Always be willing to help them and give them honesty and positive things at the time {#blank#}3{#/blank#}. Make them feel you are someone they can count on and build a future with.

    Make sure you have a good sense of humor with them. Laughter is the key to happiness. Laugh a lot with them, and joke with them {#blank#}4{#/blank#}, Laughter may seem silly, but it's the secret to a lot in life. It will keep the sparks alive.

    Make sure the communication is good. This usually goes along with trust, so always communicate how you feel even if it's something that upsets you. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} If they did something that made you unhappy, tell them about it in a respectful manner. It's important to communicate this to them, not to keep it bottled up.

A.There is a lot more to it.

B.Show them your personality.

C.Instead of screaming, talk to them.

D.Laughter keeps the relationship strong and lasting.

E.So please be honest and they'll learn to open up to you.

F.Don't expect too much in a relationship.

G.Your partners should be able to count on you when necessary.

阅读理解

    Dodder is an unusual and unwanted plant that attacks other plants. Except for its flowers, the plant looks like spaghetti, a kind of noodles in the shape of long thin pieces that look like string when they are cooked. It's almost leafless, thread-like stems (茎) hang down on top of other plants that dodder needs to stay alive. Dodder does not produce its own food. Instead, it steals food from other plants. It feeds by sucking juices from the plant which is wrapped around, often making its host very weak or even killing it.

    Dodder can find other plants by their smell. When a young dodder plant starts growing, it follows the smell of plants it prefers, like tomato plants, potato plants, or other farm crops. Unlike most plants that usually grow in the direction of light or warmth, a dodder plant will grow in the direction of, for example, tomato smell—if a tomato happens to be growing nearby.

    However, a young dodder plant must find a host plant quickly. It no longer needs its root once it is attached to the host and wrapped around it. If it cannot catch a smell of a potential host within a few days, it will dry up and disappear—even if there is plenty of water around. Once it finds a host, the young dodder plant will attach itself to it and start growing faster. At that point the dodder plant will drop its root.

    Dodder is thus a difficult weed to manage and a real headache for farmers. When it does get out of hand, dodder can greatly reduce a farmer's harvest or even destroy crops completely. Before sowing their produce, especially farmers in warm parts of the world often check to make sure no unwanted dodder seeds have mixed with their crop seeds. This is a good way to stop dodder plants from making their way to a crop field secretly.

阅读理解

    Jon Hoffman was sitting at a red light when he saw a man run out of a store carrying a plastic donation jar full of cash. The Plano, Texas, detective, dressed in plain clothes but wearing his badge (徽章) and gun, caught the man and pinned him to the hood of his car. But Hoffman had trouble containing the thief, and they got into a struggle.

    "The detective has a martial arts background, and he said he thought the suspect must have a martial arts background, too, because he was able to break away so easily," a Plano police spokesperson said.

    The detective called out for help as a crowd gathered. Among those watching: Andre Harvey and Kirby Sample, two day laborers. Harvey did what has become common these days—he took out his phone and hit record. "I hate to say it, but I thought that this policeman was doing something illegal," Harvey said. "But when he asked for help, I thought, well, there won't be a shooting if I get over there in time.” Harvey jumped into action—while he was still recording the video—as did Sample.

    "Harvey caught hold of the suspect's arms, while Kirby seized his legs, and they were able to get the suspect to the ground to help Detective Hoffman put the handcuffs (手铐) on," said the police spokesperson. The 27-year-old suspect was charged with resisting arrest and other offenses. The charity jar he stole held less than $ 50.

    "I've been on the wrong side of the law several times in my life," Harvey told WFAA. "It feels good to be on the right side and do something positive."

    After the arrest, the three men got to know each other over steaks and ribs at a local steak house—Hoffman's treat, as a thank-you. But the rescuers say Hoffman deserves credit too. "It could have turned real ugly." Sample told the media "He handled himself like a real professional."

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