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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

河南省信阳高级中学2019届高三上学期英语期末考试试卷

阅读理解

    Are you a procrastinator(拖拉者)? It's a common problem. And it can be harmful, as previous research has shown that people who procrastinate have higher levels of stress and lower well-being, reported the Association for Psychological Science in the US. But a new study has found a way to deal with this problem: Be more connected to your future self.

    Psychologists think that each person believes that they are really two people: “Present Me” and “Future Me”. “People act as if they prefer their current selves' needs and desires to those of their future selves,” wrote psychologists Neil Lewis and Daphna Oyserman.

    Oyserman and Lewis decided to try to find a way to make “Present Me” imagine exactly how “Future Me” would feel the night before a big paper was due, though “Present Me” hadn't started yet. They made “Present Me” think about a far-off event as a number of days away, not months or years.

    Thinking about events in this way meant that something like a friend's wedding seemed 16.3 days sooner when considered in days rather than months and 11.4 months sooner when considered in months rather than years.

    The researchers also tried to find out whether people would take action sooner if they were told a certain event was happening in X days rather than years.  For example, participants imagined they had a newborn child, and that the child would need to go to college in either 18 years or 6,570 days. The researchers found those in the “days” condition planned to start saving four times sooner than those in the “years” condition.

    So if you think of your life in days instead of years, you may get things done quicker.

(1)、What did Oyserman and Lewis intend to do through their study?
A、To work on a solution to test if someone is a procrastinator. B、To find out whether human beings usually have two different characters. C、To discover procrastinators are more likely to have a lower sense of well-being. D、To prove it's helpful to connect our current selves more with future selves.
(2)、The underlined part “this way” in Paragraph 4 refers to “_________”.
A、setting up tough deadlines B、following schedules strictly C、counting in smaller units of time D、imagining how your future self will feel
(3)、What helps prevent people from procrastinating?
A、Comparing their future selves with present selves. B、Considering their current selves' needs and desires. C、Thinking about far-off events in days rather than years. D、Marking important events on a calendar as a reminder.
(4)、What does the passage mainly talk about?
A、A way to get things done in time. B、The harmful effects of procrastination. C、The reason to overlook future needs and desires. D、The way to reduce stress and improve happiness.
举一反三
阅读理解

    Apps such as Snapchat already give users the ability to add dog ears, colorful hats and other images onto smart phone photos. Virtual(虚拟的)mirrors are a little different. They are designed to let users see what they would look like wearing something that they might want to buy, such as eyeglasses and earrings.

    A smart mirror is an app that turns the screen of a smart phone or other mobile device (装置) into a mirror, using its camera. As users look at the image(影像), the app will make it appear as if they are wearing the object. These smart mirror Apps are becoming popular among retail(零售的))businesses, which want to get people into their stores.

    Peter Johnson is with FaceCake Marketing Technologies. He said, “Virtual try-on off the ability to try on a great many objects, many more than they would be able to try on if were no such kind of App.” Recently, Johnson showed how an app called Dangle works. It lets store customers try on different earrings(耳环)without touching a single pair Dangle can be used on a computer. It uses the app's facial recognition technology to make it appear as if the user is wearing earrings. The earrings in the image appear almost real.

With Dangle, retailers can show customers all of their earrings in a short period of time—something almost impossible without technology. There are other good reasons to use the app. Trying-on goods with the virtual mirror means there is nothing to damage, lose or at risk of being stolen.

    Alec Gefrides is with the American technology company Intel. “We always hear about the big store closings,” said Gefrides. “But Intel sees technology becoming more important in providing customers with a better experience.”

阅读理解

    Traffic jam and cities, it seems go hand in hand. Everyone complains about being stuck in traffic, but, like the weather, no one seems to do anything about it. In particular, traffic engineers, transportation planners, and public officials responsible for transportation systems in large cities are frequently criticized for failing to solve traffic jam.

    But is traffic jam a sign of failure? Long lines at restaurants or theater's box offices are seen as signs of success. Should transportation systems be viewed any differently? I think we should recognize that traffic jam is an unpreventable by-product of successful cities and view the “traffic problem” in a different light.

    Traffic jam occurs where there are lots of people but limited spaces. Culturally and economically successful cities have the worst traffic problems, while decaying cities don't have much traffic. New York and Los Angeles are America's most crowded cities. But if you want access to major brokerage houses(经济行), you will find them easier to reach in crowded New York than in any other large cities. And if your company needs access to post-production film editors or satellite-guidance engineers, you will reach them more quickly through the crowded freeways of LA than through less crowded roads elsewhere.

    Despite traffic jam, a larger number and wider variety of social communications and economic dealings can be made perfect in large, crowded cities than elsewhere. Seen in this light, traffic jam is an unfortunate result of success, not a cause of economic decline and urban decay.

    So while we can consider traffic jam as increasing costs on the areas of big cities, the costs of inaccessibility in uncrowded places are almost certainly greater.

    There is no doubt that traffic jam brings the terrible economic and environmental damage in places like Bangkok, Jakarta, and Lagos. But mobility(移动性)is far higher and traffic jam levels are far lower here in the US, even in our most crowded cities. That's why, for now, we don't see people and capital streaming out of San Francisco and Chicago, heading for other cities in California, and Illinois.

阅读理解

    Once, a lioness and her cub were hunting in the jungle. The baby asked its mother, "Mother, why are we hunting when a deer is already at home?”

    The mother said, "My love! We can' t eat that deer because it has surrendered (投降) himself seeking our help. He is wounded and helpless. We must help him.”

    The baby cub was surprised and questioned again, "Why so? That's our food, we can eat it.”

    “Honey, you are right! It's our food and we can kill him in any second but do you think he deserves to be killed when he has come to-us for protection?”

    The baby cub couldn't understand her mother's vulnerability(软弱). It kept quiet and paced with its mother. At last, they didn't get anything and came back to their cave.

    The deer, on the other hand, was terrified of his own decision of taking shelter in the cave. Unfortunately he had no choice! He was attacked by a hunter and somehow managed to escape. While running for his life, he saw the cave and without a second thought entered it. He had already got a shot from the hunter. When he realized he was in the lions cave, he gave up the idea of running back again. The deer gazed at the lioness with a pitiful look, tears rolling down He sat there as if he urged for the mercy of the lioness.

    The lioness came closer to the deer, smelled it and slowly moved out of the cave with her cub.

    When the lions came back, the cub asked its mother to kill the deer again. But the lioness was firm on her decision. She said, "Sweetheart! We can-manage one night without any food. Tomorrow, I would definitely fetch out some food for you.”

    The cub said nothing, grunted(嘟哝)a little.

    When the cub slept, the lioness whispered to the deer, "Run, away from this area because I doubt if I could save you any longer if the next time situation demands!"

    The deer looked at the lioness with gratitude and slowly walked away from the cave.

阅读理解

A Cappella Competition

    Do you love to sing?

    Come and show off your talents at the Chilton Youth A Cappella Competition

    October 20th, 11: 00-17: 00

    Edward Greatcoat Theater, Sealey Road, Chilton

    Rules

    Please remember that this is an cappella competition!

    No instruments or recorded music will be allowed.

    Competitors may sing published or original songs in any style.

    Competitors must be between eight and 15 years old.

    There are four categories (类):

    ⑴Solo (8-11 years old)          ⑵Solo (12-15 years old)

    ⑶Group (8-11 years old)         ⑷Group (12-15 years old)

    Competitors under 12 years old must stay with a parent or other adult at all times.

    Each competitor must pay an entry fee of $10.

    Winners will receive $500 and a course of 20 lessons with famous voice coach Vickie Leonard.

    Winners will be decided by three judges from the Chilton School of Music. Their decision is final.

    Additional information

    Please arrive at the Edward Greatcoat Theater between 09: 00 and 10: 00 to register (登记), as the competition will start at 11: 00. The parking lot has limited spaces so you are advised to come as early as possible.

    Shared dressing rooms with showers will be provided for all competitors. 

    Tickets for the competition are available at the theater from October 1st. There is no charge for these, but again, spaces are limited.

阅读理解

    Spring is coming, and it is time for those about to graduate to look for jobs. Competition is tough, so job seekers must carefully consider their personal choices. Whatever we are wearing, our family and friends may accept us, but the workplace may not.

    A high school newspaper editor said it is unfair for companies to discourage visible tattoos (纹身), nose rings, or certain dress styles. It is true you can't judge a book by its cover, yet people do "cover" themselves in order to convey certain messages. What we wear, including tattoos and nose rings, is an expression of who we are. Just as people convey messages about themselves with their appearances, so do companies. Dress standards exist in the business world for a number of reasons, but the main concern is often about what customers accept.

    Others may say how to dress is a matter of personal freedom, but for businesses it is more about whether to make or lose money. Most employers do care about the personal appearances of their employees, because those people represent the companies to their customers.

    As a hiring manager I am paid to choose the people who would make the best impression on our customers. There are plenty of well-qualified candidates, so it is not wrong to reject someone who might disappoint my customers. Even though I am open-minded, I can't expect all our customers are.

    There is nobody to blame but yourself if your set of choices does not match that of your preferred employer. No company should have to change to satisfy a candidate simply because he or she is unwilling to respect its standards, as long as its standards are legal.

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