Direction: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

    Red grouper(石斑鱼) are known for a few key characteristics — their color, which can {#blank#}1{#/blank#}from pink to bright orange; their tastiness, whether they're grilled or fried; and their predation (掠夺行为) method, in which they {#blank#}2{#/blank#} sea creatures and swallow them whole.

    But their least-known characteristic might be the most valuable of all: They operate as underwater architects, {#blank#}3{#/blank#} the seascape for numerous other forms of underwater life. That surprising discovery is {#blank#}4{#/blank#} scientists and policymakers to readjust their approach to preserving the ocean's natural order — and heightening tensions with those who fish for a living or as a hobby.

    A team of scientists, led by Florida State University's Felicia Coleman, recently found that the red grouper off Florida's east and west coasts have created entire ocean {#blank#}5{#/blank#}by digging large holes in the sea's sandy bottom. In the same way beavers {#blank#}6{#/blank#}dams, red grouper dig and maintain distinct holes whose rocky surfaces provide a place for coral, sponges and other marine life to gather.

    This new understanding is changing the way federal and state authorities manage ocean habitats and is creating a completely new crack with fishermen. “The people who are in control want to {#blank#}7{#/blank#} fishing as much as possible,” said Bob Jones, executive director of the Southeastern Fisheries Association. He added that the recent discoveries about red grouper amount to an “excuse they can use to restrict fishing, {#blank#}8{#/blank#}or recreational.”

    But to many researchers, fishery officials and even some fishermen, the fact that fish act as environmental engineers provides a compelling reason to protect them from exploitation.

    “If you {#blank#}9{#/blank#} that fish, it puts into motion a whole chain of events,” said Don deMaria, who used to fish for red grouper near Key Largo, Fla., but no longer does. “There's a whole lot of other animals that are {#blank#}10{#/blank#}. I'm not saying you can't catch them. But you can't do it to the extent we've been doing for the last 20 years.”

    For several decades, various types of artificial intelligence kept shocking the world. Robots could {#blank#}1{#/blank#} people in highly competitive games and then quickly destroyed their human competitors.

    AI long ago mastered chess, the Chinese board game Go and even the Rubik's cube, which it managed to solve in just 0. 38 second.

    Now machines have a new game that will allow them to {#blank#}2{#/blank#} humans: Jenga, the popular game in which players {#blank#}3{#/blank#} remove pieces from an increasingly unstable tower of 54 blocks, placing each one on top until the entire structure would {#blank#}4{#/blank#}.

    A newly released video from MIT shows a robot developed by the school's engineers playing the game with surprising accuracy. The machine is equipped with a soft gripper (夹子), a force-sensing wrist and an external camera, allowing the robot to detect the tower's {#blank#}5{#/blank#} the way a human might do

    Unlike in purely recognitive tasks or games such as chess or Go, playing the game of Jenga also requires mastery of physical acts such as pushing, pulling, placing, and arranging pieces. It must {#blank#}6{#/blank#} interactive physical operation, where you have to touch the tower to learn how and when to move blocks.

    Imitating it is rather difficult, so the robot has to learn in the real world, by working with the real Jenga tower. Recently, a relevant research was published in the journal Science Robotics. Researchers say the robot demonstrates that machines can learn how to perform certain tasks through actual touching instead of relying heavily on visual {#blank#}7{#/blank#}. That physical {#blank#}8{#/blank#} is significant, researchers say, because it provides further proof that robots can be used to perform {#blank#}9{#/blank#} tasks, such as separating recyclable objects from landfill trash and assembling consumer products.

    In a cellphone assembly line, the felling of any component is coming from force and touch rather than vision. To become an accomplished Jenga player, the robot did not require as much repetitive practice as you might imagine. Hoping to avoid reconstructing a Jenga tower thousands of times, researchers developed a method that allowed the robot to be trained on about 300 games. Researchers say the robot has already begun facing off against humans, who remain {#blank#}10{#/blank#} players—for now.

    There are a few gorgeous island countries in the world that are definitely worth visiting. Although there are many beautiful countries in the world to visit, it has recently been a {#blank#}1{#/blank#} for many Chinese to visit island countries during their holidays. So take a look at these island countries in the world, which everyone should certainly visit at least once in lifetime.

    Malta is a beautiful southern European country in the Mediterranean Sea, which has a rich history and a variety of culture. In fact, there are plenty of interesting things to see and to do in Malta and this island country, {#blank#}2{#/blank#} by lots of mysterious hidden coves (小海湾), it has something for everyone. The {#blank#}3{#/blank#} part of Malta has incredible architecture, great walled cities, and many underground {#blank#}4{#/blank#} to explore.

    The Philippines is one of the most beautiful and best island countries The Philippines {#blank#}5{#/blank#} over 7, 000 islands and all of them are beautiful and unique in their own way. There are many wonderful tourist {#blank#}6{#/blank#} including Mayon Volcano (火山), the Chocolate Hills and many more. The country also offers plenty of interesting activities for you to experience, such as diving, climbing, camping and many others.

    The Maldives is not only one of the most beautiful island countries, it is also one of the most popular honeymoon destinations. The Maldives, {#blank#}7{#/blank#} in the middle of the Indian Ocean, is made up of an entire series of incredible ancient coral reefs (珊瑚礁) that grew up along the sides of ancient volcanoes. There is a {#blank#}8{#/blank#} ocean, with fascinating beaches and luxury resorts (豪华度假区). You can now have easy {#blank#}9{#/blank#} to Maldives by air, and there are luxury hotels of various styles on different islands.

Can a precise word total ever be known? No, says Professor David Crystal, known chiefly for his research in English language studies and author of around 100 books on the {#blank#}1{#/blank#}. "It's like asking how many stars there are in the sky. It's impossible to answer," he said.

An easier question to answer, he {#blank#}2{#/blank#}, is the size of the average person's vocabulary. He suggests taking a sample of about 20 or 30 pages from a medium-sized dictionary, which {#blank#}3{#/blank#} about 100,000 entries or 1,000 or 1,500 pages.

Tick off the ones you know and count them. Then {#blank#}4{#/blank#} that by the number of pages and you will discover how many words you know. Most people vastly underestimate their {#blank#}5{#/blank#}.

"Most people know half the words—about 50,000—easily. A reasonably educated person about 75,000 and a really cool, smart person well, maybe all of them but that is rather {#blank#}6{#/blank#}. An ordinary person, one who has not been to university say, would know about 35,000 quite easily."

The formula can be used to calculate the number of words a person uses, but a person's active language will always be less than their {#blank#}7{#/blank#}, the difference being about a third.

Prof Crystal says exposure to reading will obviously expand a person's vocabulary but the level of a person's education does not {#blank#}8{#/blank#} decide things. "A person with a poor education perhaps may not be able to read or read much, but they will know words and may have a very {#blank#}9{#/blank#} vocabulary about pop songs or motorbikes. I've met children that you could {#blank#}10{#/blank#} as having a poor education and they knew hundreds of words about skateboards that you won't find in a dictionary."