题型:阅读理解 题类: 难易度:普通
湖北省武汉市第二中2024届高三下学期5月模拟考英语试卷
Some people today might be early risers because of DNA they take after Neanderthals tens of thousands of years ago, suggests new research.
When early humans migrated from Africa to Eurasia roughly 70,000 years ago, some of them mated with Neanderthals, who had already adapted to the colder, darker climates of the north. The ripple (涟漪) effects of that intermating still exist today: Modern humans of non- African ancestry (血统) have between 1 and 4 percent Neanderthal DNA. Some of that DNA relates to sleep more specifically, the internal body clock known as the circadian rhythm.
For the new study, researchers compared DNA from today's humans and DNA from Neanderthal fossils (化石). In both groups, they found some of the same genetic variants involved with the circadian rhythm. And they found that modern humans who carry these variants also reported being early risers.
For Neanderthals, being "morning people" might not have been the real benefit of carrying these genes. Instead, scientists suggest, Neanderthals' DNA gave them faster, more flexible internal body clocks, which allowed them to adjust more easily to annual changes in daylight. This connection makes sense in the context of human history. When early humans moved north out of Africa, they would have experienced variable daylight hours--shorter days in the winter and longer days in the summer-for the first time. The Neanderthals' circadian rhythm genes likely helped early humans' offspring (后代) adapt to this new environment.
Notably, the findings do not prove that Neanderthal genes are responsible for the sleep habits of all early risers. Lots of different factors beyond genetics can contribute, including social and environmental influences. The study also only included DNA from a database called the U.K. Biobank-so the findings may not necessarily apply to all modern humans. Next, the research team hopes to study other genetic databases to see if the same link holds true for people of other ancestries. If the findings do apply more broadly, they may one day be useful for improving sleep in the modern world, where circadian rhythms are disturbed by night shifts and glowing smartphones.
Admission & Opening Times
Museum Opening Times
The museum is open daily: 10 am—5 pm
Collections Centre opens daily: 11 am—5 pm
Last admission to the museum and Collections Centre is 4:30 pm.
Closed: December 24, 2017—January 1, 2018 inclusive
Museum Admission
Adult | £14 |
Child(5-16yrs) | £9 |
Under 5's | FREE |
Concession(优惠)(60 yrs+, unemployed, student) | £12 |
Family ticket(2 adults, 3 children) | £39 |
Groups of 12 or more(pre-booking essential) | £9 |
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Museum Tours
An optional tour of the museum is included in your entry fee. The tours are available between 11:15 am and 2 :15 pm every day. They do not have to be pre-booked but have time limits.
Collections Centre
Access to the Collections Centre is included in your entry fee, so you will just need to show your museum admission ticket at the door to gain entry. The Collections Centre is open from 11 am to 5 pm with last entry at 4:30 pm.
Show Days
On most show days the normal museum entry prices are applied. There are, however, five Special Show Days per year when the admission price varies, including entry both into the show and the museum. On these days, Gift Aid tickets and promotional vouchers(促销券) are not valid. Advance discounted Show Day tickets are available online or via our Ticket Hotline 019-266 45033.
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