While contact between adolescents (between the ages of fifteen and nineteen) and their peers (同龄人) is a universal characteristic of all cultures, the nature and the degree of such contact vary a great deal. In American contemporary society, adolescents spend much more time with their peers than with younger children or adults.

    This pattern of age segregation(隔离) in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society. Changes in the workplace separated children from adults, with adults working and children attending school. The dramatic increase of mothers in the workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults.

    School reform efforts during the nineteenth century, which resulted in age-segregated schools and grades, have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children.

    Finally, the changes in population are considered a factor that may have contributed to the emergence of adolescent peer culture. From 1955 to 1975, the adolescent population increased dramatically, from 11 percent to 20.9 percent. This increase in the number of adolescents might be a contributing factor to the increase in adolescent peer culture in terms of growth in size as well as in terms of its impact on society's other cultures (adults, younger children).

Research supports the view that adolescents spend a great deal of time with their peers. Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents' daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity. In a typical week, high school students will spend twice as much time with their peers as with adults. This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence. In sixth grade, adults (excluding parents) account for only 25 percent of adolescent social networks. Another important characteristic of  adolescent peer culture is its increasingly autonomous (自治的) function. While childhood peer groups are conducted under the close supervision of parents, adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing so.

    What started as a race to space between the United States and Russia has turned out to be a technological revolution that has greatly improved the quality of daily life throughout the world. Scientists at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) have invented new technology to make space flights doable. The same technology, when applied on Earth, has produced thousands of products in the areas of health and sports that have significant impacts on our lives.

    Many of these improvements are in the fields of health and medicine. NASA-inspired technology fueled the great advances in the early detection of deadly diseases. For instance, computer chips designed for the Hubble telescope are used in digital imaging devices that help medical professionals detect cancer at very early stages. Eye doctors can now diagnose vision problems in very young children by using ocular screening. Ultrasound scanners, portable x-ray devices, and bone analyzers are among the medical devices developed with the help of space technology.

    Fogless ski goggles and special sportswear are among the hundreds of items of sports equipment inspired by NASA technology. Space technology has been applied to sports too. The running shoes that athletes use today have midsoles that act like shock absorbers and keep the runners steady while in motion. These shoes utilize the technology NASA used to design the moon boot. In golf, athletes use a new ball that employs NASA research on how to make the flight of the ball from the tee to the green faster and more accurate. In swimming, athletes can swim faster because of NASA-developed riblets in the fabric of their swimsuits.

    Almost all aspects of daily life continue to improve because NASA scientists are still at work. Transportation, methods of preparing food, and work environments are other ways in which NASA technology has made significant changes.

    An international team of researchers found employees who endure what is known as "abusive supervision" are more likely to behave poorly on purpose by messing up tasks, arriving late, taking long breaks and putting in minimal effort.

    The authors of the study, published in the Journal of Management, sought to answer why horrible bosses make employees less willing to show what is known as organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), or commitment to the company outside of their contractual obligations. That could include helping colleagues or volunteering for unusual work hours. They also assessed its effect on a worker's tendency to harm the organization, by displaying counterproductive (反作用的) work behavior (CWB).

    To find out more, and uncover which negative outcome bullying (欺凌) behavior is more likely to cause, researchers from Southwestern University of Finance and Economics in China, Renmin University of China and Swinburne University of Technology in Australia cooperated and analyzed 427 existing studies. They found workers acted out either because they felt they were being treated unfairly in the workplace, or felt stressed and this affected their ability to perform as expected. An employee who felt they were a victim of injustice tended more towards reluctance to show OCB. Stressed workers, meanwhile, were more associated with CWB.

    Employers who worried supervisors are affecting productivity can take steps to ease issues by regularly training managers, introducing policies which cope with workplace injustices and helping workers to deal with stress.

    This is not the first study to suggest unkind practices can affect the well-being of workers. The paper follows a study published in the European Heart Journal last year, which showed employees who suffer bullying are more likely to develop heart diseases than those who aren't. Bullying and violence are common at workplaces and those exposed to these stressors are at higher risk.

阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

    I went up to the roof for a break after studying for an hour and watched the 50 or so people swimming in the natural rock pool below our house. It was a sunny day-a blue, cloudless sky over a calm sea. But then, as I looked in the distance, I discovered a series of three or four big waves heading towards the shore. I'd seen the minitsunamis（海啸）many times before. They were heading at speed in the direction of the pool. Most people knew how to look out for them, but from the screams that started coming from the beach, I could tell someone was in trouble.

    Without thinking, I ran down into the street, holding my toy boa（俯伏冲浪板）on the way and shouted at a stranger to go inside my house and call the coastgard. My neighbor Moises had heard the screaming as well and was also outside with his body board, so together we rushed to the steps that led down to the sea.

    Once we got closer, we discovered the waves had pulled a boy and a girl from the pool and into the open sea. I knew that the nearest boat would take at least 30 minutes to reach us. Waiting for help wasn't a choice. I wasn't used to this sort of emergency-I'd never been trained as a lifeguard-but I didn't think twice about trying to save them. I supposed in a way I wanted to impress everyone: at 19, a deal like that can seem like a good opportunity to show off.

    Moises and I dived into the water and it took us 10 minutes to get to them. When we finally reached them, they were almost lifeless with only their heads coming in and out of the water. We could tell they were still alive from their small breaths but it was clear they wouldn't have been able to stay there much longer. I hold the boy and pulled him over my board. Moises moved the girl on to his board. We discussed pushing them back to the shore, but we were too far out.

注意：

1）所续写的短文词数应为150左右；

2）至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；

3）续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好；

4）续写完成后, 请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

    We had to wait, …

    That night, word came from the hospital that the two people were in god condition. …

    San Francisco, long one of the most tech-friendly and technologically first-class cities in the world, is now the first in the United States to prohibit its government from using facial recognition technology. The ban is part of a broader anti-surveillance (反监控)rule that the city's Board of Supervisors approved on Tuesday.

Xuzhou Railway Station introduced four self-service check-in machines on Jan 25 to offer travelers a more convenient and efficient traveling experience. Passengers can enter the station by scanning their ID cards and looking at a camera. After the facial recognition scan is complete, the gate will open automatically and the passenger can enter.

【写作内容】

⒈ 用约30个词概括上述新闻中不同城市对人脸识别技术采取的态度；

⒉ 谈谈你如何看待人脸识别技术，并用2-3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。

【写作要求】

⒈ 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；

⒉ 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；

⒊ 不必写标题。

【评分标准】

内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

    A Chinese boy is reported to have spent about 2 million yuan in studying in New Zealand but failed to get any diploma. He even could not take care of himself and his grandmother had to feed him.

    The man in the case is a so-called adult baby, because his deeds make him almost the same as a baby. He cannot take care of himself. He is unable to go to school, let alone finish studies. He even relies on his grandmother to feed him.

    However, he burns money faster than any normal student. He spent about 2 million yuan in two years overseas, but could not finish even the preparatory courses. We do not mean to judge his choice, but someone who lacks the basic ability to survive has little chance of success in any modern society.

    In a later interview, the mother of the boy was in tears and said she regretted not having taught her son well. She also told the story about how she “educated” her son: meeting all his demands, even the unreasonable ones. When he did not perform well in school, she simply spent money in sending him overseas; she would buy whatever he wanted. That was bad for her and bad for him.

【写作内容】

1）以约30个单词概括文章大意；

2）谈谈你如何看待“巨婴”现象，然后用2～3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。

【写作要求】

1）写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；

2）作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；

3）不必写标题。

【评分标准】内容完整、语言规范、语篇连贯、词数适当。