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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

黑龙江省牡丹江一中2016-2017学年高一上学期英语9月月考试卷

根据短文理解,选择正确答案。

    It's a popular belief that a fish's memory lasts for only seven seconds. It may seem sad to think that they don't remember what they've eaten or where they've been, and they don't recognize you or any of their friends — every moment in their life would be like seeing the world for the first time.

    But don't be so quick to feel sorry for them. A new study has found that fish have a much better memory than we used to think. In fact, certain species of fish can even remember events from as long as 12 days ago.

    In the study, researchers from MacEwan University in Canada trained a kind of fish called African cichlids to go to a certain area of their tank to get food. They then waited for 12 days before putting them back in the tank again.

    Researchers used computer software to monitor the fish's movements. They found that after such a long break the fish still went to the same place where they first got food. This suggested that they could remember their past experiences.

    In fact, scientists had been thinking for a long time that African cichlids might have a good memory. An earlier study showed that they behaved aggressively(挑衅地) in front of certain fish, perhaps because they remembered their past “fights”. But until the latest findings, there was no clear evidence.

    Just as a good memory can make our lives easier, it also plays an important part when a fish is trying to survive in the wild.

    “If fish are able to remember that a certain area contains safe food, they will be able to go back to that area without putting their lives at risks,” lead researcher Trevor Hamilton told Live Science.

    For a long time, fish were placed far below chimpanzees, dolphins and mice on the list of smart animals. But this study has given scientists a new understanding of their intelligence.

(1)、What is the article mainly about?
A、Fish having very bad memories. B、Fish being smarter than we thought. C、How fish improve their memory. D、What we can learn from fish.
(2)、According to the article, people used to believe that _______.
A、fish could only remember part of their past experiences B、fish could remember things that happened 12 days ago C、a fish's memory lasted for only seven minutes D、fish didn't recognize any of their friends
(3)、How can fish benefit most from a good memory? They can remember _______.
A、where to get food and survive B、their enemies and fight C、where to escape to when in danger D、their friends and help each other
(4)、Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A、Fish behave aggressively in a fight. B、Fish can remember more. C、Fish don't belong to the list of smart animals. D、Only African cichlids have a good memory.
举一反三
阅读理解

    Dutch beachcomber (海滩拾荒者) Wim Kruiswijk has accumulated a collection of 1,200 messages-in-bottles over the course of nearly 4 decades and has responded to almost all of them,

    68-year-old Kruiswijk says that his unusual hobby began in 1983 when he found three drift bottles (漂流瓶) on his local beach, each containing letters and return addresses. He wrote to all three addresses and was surprised to receive responses from each one. It was this experience that aroused his interest in hunting and collecting messages in bottles, and he hasn't stopped looking for them since.

"I find my messages in bottles on the beach of Zandvoort, where I live, and on the Dutch Islands," Kruiswijk recently told Great Big Story. "Messages in bottles is slow mail. It takes you days, or weeks, or months to find a bottle. "

In the early years, Kruiswijk would find as many as 50 bottles a year, but since 2000 that has slowed to around 20-30 finds, mainly due to beach cleaning efforts. He believes that the rise of the Internet has also played a role in the diminishing number of messages in bottles, telling Dutch newssite PZC, "I used to get a response at half the bottle messages that I answered. Now that's less; many people want 'instant satisfaction'."

    Throwing a message in a bottle out into the sea is a longstanding human tradition dating back to the time of the Greek philosopher Theophrastus, about 310 BC,who used the bottles to study water currents. Scientists still apply the method to this day, as a means to help researchers develop ocean circulation maps, and to crowdsource scientific studies of ocean currents.

    In the past bottles have also been used to send distress messages from sailors in trouble. They also have been used for memorial tributes, or to send loved ones' ashes on a final journey. One of the more common uses though is just to send invitations out to prospective pen pals, a quaint notion in these modern times, but, as Kruiswijk so clearly shows, an effective one.

阅读理解

    Children who do better than their companions at school tend to go on to enjoy better health as adults, research suggests. The study was based on a 30-year follow-up of more than 14.000 children born in Sweden in 1953.

    The Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health study found the least popular children had a nine times higher risk of heart disease. They were also more at risk of diabetes (糖尿病),drugs, alcohol and mental health problems.

    The degree of popularity, power and status enjoyed by each child, was evaluated when the children reached sixth grade in 1966 by asking them who they most preferred to work with at school. Individual children were classified into five status bands depending on how many nominations (提名) they have received.

    The leader researcher Ylva Almquist, from the Center for Health Equity Studies at the University of Stockholm, said children with a low status might lack social support and information, this will lead to a more negative self-image, which could lead to lower expectations and poor choices in life.

    “For example, children in lower peer status may adopt a more health-damaging lifestyle, including behaviors such as heavy smoking and drinking. These behaviors are known to be major risk for heart disease.” she said.

    She said the study shows that schools should work to promote social equality in the classroom, and to improve children's self-image.

    Professor Alan Maryon-Davis, president of the UK Faculty of Public Health, said, “Children who feel undervalued or are bullied (欺凌) at school often grow up lacking self-confidence. They then seek comfort in overeating, smoking or drinking, and all too often find themselves in poor health. It is important to do whatever we can to help children and young people feel valued.”

阅读理解

    In many countries, authority is seldom questioned, either because it is highly respected, or because it is feared. Because rank has been important in certain societies for a long time, people have been trained never to question those in authority. For example, children are not expected to question their teachers in school. It may be considered improper for young businessmen to suggest ideas that differ from those of older, more experienced members of the business.

    In other countries, including America, children are trained to question and search for answers. When a child asks a question, he will often be told to go to the library and find the answer for himself. By the time students reach the age of 14 or 15, they may be developing exciting new ideas in all fields of science and arts. To encourage such creativity, there are many national prizes offered to students every year for their scientific discoveries and artistic accomplishments.

    This interest in questioning and searching may be considered by some people as bad for young people's manners, that young people lack respect for authority. This impression may be created when visitors notice young Americans asking questions and arguing with older people. However, this is because many Americans have a different attitude toward authority than may exist in other areas of the world. In a work or business situation, ideas are freely and openly discussed and argued. It is important to remember that it is the person's ideas that are being questioned, not the individual himself. The two are quite separate. The purpose of the searching, questioning, and arguing is to find the facts in a particular situation, and therefore a solution, so that the work of the business can progress in the most effective manner possible.

    As was mentioned earlier, you may notice the same questioning in social conversations. Although some individual may think that Americans are rude because of the direct manner with people, they are merely trying to learn more about your ideas.

阅读理解

    Sila Sutharat, a roasted chicken street vendor from Phetchaburi, Thailand, has come up with a unique way of cooking chicken. He uses 1, 000 mobile mirrors that concentrate sunlight into a strong beam(光束).

    Like most other street vendors, Sila used to cook his chicken over a charcoal(木炭)fire. But that all changed in 1997, when an ordinary observation gave him a great idea. One day, he was hit by the sunlight reflected off the window of a passing bus, and he felt its heat. "I could possibly change it into energy," Sila told himself. Then he started working on how to make use of the sunlight to cook his chicken.

    "They said that I'd gone mad, and that cooking chicken like this was impossible," Sila told reporters about how people reacted to his idea. But he didn't let their jokes get to him, and in the end he was the one who had the last laugh. He invented a panel featuring 1, 000 small mirrors that could be moved. It worked exactly as he predicted, allowing him to cook a 1.5 kg chicken in just 10 to 15 minutes. "After a long time passed by, they'd say: "Actually, you could do it," " Sila Sutharat recalls. Sila says that his invention can make the temperature go up to 312'C. This is why he always wears a special mask instead of a cook's hat when operating it.

    Sila's solar roaster is an unusual sight. It has attracted quite a few curious people who are eager to taste Sila's sun-cooked chicken. He's been using this cooking method for two decades now. And he says it's much better than traditional roasting methods. It is free, cooks all parts of the chicken, and best of all, it's 100% clean. Phetchaburi Rajabhat University thought Sila's idea was very good and useful, so they awarded him an honorary science degree.

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