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题型:任务型阅读 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

上海市延安中学2016-2017学年八年级下学期英语期中考试试卷

任务型阅读

Your nose has many important jobs, and is always busy.

Smelling

    Smelling helps you gather information about the world around you. A good scent (气体),like flowers, brings you pleasure. A bad scent, like smoke or sour milk, warns you of danger. Most things around you release scent particles (微粒) into the air. These invisible chemicals enter the nose when you breathe. Nerves in the nose send information to the brain to identify a smell. You are able to recognize thousands of smells.

Breathing

    Most of the air you breathe enters through your nose. The nose uses hair and mucus (粘液) to clean dust and germs (细菌) out of the air. The air that enters your nose contains oxygen. Your body uses oxygen to unlock the energy in the food you eat.  Even when you sleep, your body needs energy to keep your heart beating and your brain working.

Tasting

    Your nose helps you enjoy food. Flavor is a mixture of taste and smell. The smell of the food helps you identify what you are eating. The sense of smell contributes more to (贡献) food flavor than the sense of taste .When you are sick and have a stuffy nose, your food doesn't taste as good because without smell, food loses most of its flavor.

Smell memory

    Smells can bring back memories. Your brain uses a process to create a picture in your mind from the odors(气味)you smell. Smells can affect your feelings because the part of the brain that helps you identify smells is close to the area that affects your emotions, mood and memory. More smell memories are collected as you get older.

    Your nose has many important jobs, and is more than just a smeller!

(1)、How many important jobs does a nose do according to the passage?

(2)、Smelling helps you recognize thousands of smells, doesn't it?

(3)、What does the nose use to clean dust and germs out of air?

(4)、What happens to your food if you are sick and have a stuffy nose?

(5)、How do smells bring back memories?

举一反三
阅读下面短文,根据所读内容,在文章后小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。

    Have you ever been to Singapore? For many Chinese tourists, this small island in Southeast Asia is a wonderful place to take a holiday. On the one hand, more than seventy-five percent of population are of Chinese descent, so you can simply speak Mandarin most of the time. On the other hand, Singapore is an English-speaking country.

    When the ancient Chinese paid their first visit here in the early 14th century, it was still a small seaside city. Later in the 1820s, the British Empire claimed it as a colony (殖民地). Singapore hasn't been an independent country until 1965. From then on, it has become an important port of trade and business between different countries.

One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round. It seldom drops below 20℃. It's warm and wet the whole year. This is because it is so close to the equator (赤道). So you can choose to go whenever you like—spring, summer, autumn or winter! And, of course, it's not too far from China. For those who enjoy the sun and the beach, Singapore is an ideal place.

    On the northeast coast of Singapore, Changi Village is far from the noise of central Singapore. The buildings are modern, but there's still a village terminal (晚期的) atmosphere. There's a small, attractive seaside camp site across the Changi Creek from the bus terminal, where you can watch the planes gliding into Changi airport while relaxing on the sand.

    Most large cities have zoos, but have you ever been to a zoo at night? Singapore has a night zoo called the "Night Safari". It might seem strange to go to a zoo when it's dark. But if you've ever been to a zoo during the daytime, you might understand why Night Safari is so special. A lot of animals only wake up when it goes dark at night, so this is the best time to watch them. At the Night Safari, you can watch these animals in more natural environment than a normal zoo.

Singapore
Location●A small island which lies in the {#blank#}1{#/blank#} part of Asia.
Population●Over three {#blank#}2{#/blank#} of people are of Chinese descent.
You can communicate with most local people in Mandarin {#blank#}3{#/blank#} difficulty.
{#blank#}4{#/blank#} ●The ancient Chinese first came about seven {#blank#}5{#/blank#} ago.
●It has become an important port of {#blank#}6{#/blank#} trade and business since 1965.
Weather●The temperature stays almost {#blank#}7{#/blank#} 20℃ all year around as it is very close to the equator.
●You can choose to go there in any {#blank#}8{#/blank#} because of the climate.
SightsChangi VillageUnlike {#blank#}9{#/blank#} central Singapore, it is a quiet village with modern buildings.
Night SafariEvening is the best time to visit the zoo because lots of animals only wake up when the {#blank#}10{#/blank#} falls during the night.
 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

If you've ever seen elephant seals(象海豹) lying on a beach, you might think all they do is sleep. But now scientists have discovered that when elephant seals are in the ocean, they hardly sleep at all. They just sleep for about two hours a day. 

Even though elephant seals are large animals, they have to be careful in the ocean. Near the surface(水面), predators like sharks and orca s are a danger. So elephant seals spend most of their time diving(潜水) deep underwater, looking for food. Usually, they will dive for about 30 minutes, then come up for air for just a couple of minutes before diving again. 

Scientists have wondered how elephant seals can sleep while they're at sea, since they are almost diving all the time. Animals like dolphins and sea lions have a special way. One half of their brain can sleep, while the other stays awake. But elephant seals are like humans- both halves of the brain need to go to sleep at the same time. So how do they sleep? 

To find out, a scientist named Jessica Kendall- Bar did a research. She created a special cap that could record the elephant seals' brain activity. The cap also collected information on the elephant seals' heart rates, how their bodies were moving, and how deep they were. Dr. Kendall- 

Bar and her team put the caps on thirteen young female elephant seals. 

The scientists learned that elephant seals steep in short times while they are diving. They only sleep for about 10 minutes at a time. They wake up in time to go up for more air. The scientists found that elephant seals only sleep for about two hours a day when they're in the ocean. That means that the rest they get once they return to land is very important, which helps them have energy again. Back on land they sleep for about 10.8 hours a day 

The researchers hope that their work will help to protect the places where elephant seals sleep when they're on land. 

 根据短文内容,回答下列问题。

Friends are very important in everyone's life because friends are always there when we need them. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.

My friendship with Sue started 30 years ago with a snake. A few months after I moved into an apartment (公寓), one day, my next-door neighbor, shouted to me for help because a snake was sleeping near her door. I made the snake run away and made a new friend. Soon Sue invited me over for dinner or left home-made food at my door. When I went to my beach house, Sue helped look after my pet and water my plants. And when she wasn't home, I did the same for her. When she traveled, she'd remember to bring me wonderful gifts, but her smile is always the greatest gift of all.

In 1997, I had a lovely child and Sue looked after me and him. Years later, I returned her kindness. I helped out when her husband was in hospital, staying with her and talking about and sharing everything with her.

Unluckily, in 2019 the pandemic (疫情) happened. My husband lost his work and my son couldn't be back home because of the virus (病毒). I was worried about them and I didn't know how to fight the pandemic. But Sue appeared to help us in time. She shared food and medicine with us. Without her, I couldn't go through difficult times. I was the luckiest one in the world.

A wall might separate (阻隔) our apartments and masks (口罩) can separate the viruses, but nothing is able to separate true friends' hearts.

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