题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通
江苏省昆山市2019-2020学年高二下学期期中教学质量调研测试英语试题
There will be days when you do not have much to do. Perhaps because you are waiting for someone else in a different department or a different company to respond to a request. As the clock ticks past 5 pm, there may be no purpose in staying at your desk. But you can see you hard at work and, more important. they can see you. So you make an effort to look busy.
Some of this may he a self-perpetuating(白生自存) cycle. If bosses do not like to go home before their workers, and workers fear leaving before their bosses, everyone is trapped. Staff may feel that they will not get a pay rise, or a promotion, if they are not seen to be putting in maximum effort. This is easily confused with long hours. Managers, who are often no good at judging employees 'performance, use time in the office as an alternative.
The consequence is often wasted effort. Rather than work hard, you work hard to make bosses think that you are. Leaving a jacket on your office chair, walking around purposefully with a notebook or clipboard and sending out emails at odd hours are three of the best-known tricks. After a while this can result in collective self-cheat that this pretence is actual work.
But presenteeism (出勤) has more serious consequences. As well as reducing productivity, this can increase medical expenses for the employer. According to a study, these costs can be six times higher for employers than the costs of absenteeism among workers. To take one example, research published in the British Medical Journal found that Japanese employees with lower-back pain were three times more likely to turn up for work than in Britain. As a result, those workers were more likely to experience greater pain and to suffer from depression. What could be more upset than being in pain while feeling trapped at work?
None of this is to say that employers haven't the right to expect workers to be in the office for an acceptable proportion of time. Unavoidably there will be a need for some (preferably short)meetings. Dealing with colleagues face-to-face creates a feeling of trust and friendship, allows for a useful exchange of ideas and enables workers to have a better sense of their needs.
But modern machinery like smartphones and laptops is portable. It can be used as easily at home as in the office. Turing an office into a prison, with prisoners allowed home for the evenings, does nothing for the creativity that is increasingly demanded of office workers as routine tasks are automated. To be productive you need presence of mind, not being present in the flesh.
July is a month of fun-filled activities for kids and teens as long as you know where to find them. When you want some fun activities for July, consider these ideas happening in this month.
Secret of the Dragon Time Monday, July1, 2014, 10:30 a.m. Cost Adult:$7.40 Children(under15): half Booking Phone the booking office:34032578 Address Brisbane Botanic Gardens Note Secret of the Dragon is a magical story about 2 children who are taken on a dragon ride to explore the universe. | The Search for life: Are We Alone? Time Thursday, July4, 2014, 2:00 p.m. Cost Adult:$14.50 Children(under15):$8.70 Booking Phone the booking office:34037689 Address Brisbane Botanic Gardens Note Are we truly alone in space? Is there any life out there? These are the questions asked in this show. |
Magic Class Time Friday, July12, 2014, 10:00 a.m. Cost Free Booking Please call 34038470 to book your Place. Address Centenary Community hub, 171 Dandenong Rd Note Would you like to be a magician? Then join David, the magician, to learn about real magic with playing cards, coins, ring ropes and DIY projects and be able to become the life of the party. | Science with Me: Making your own guitar Time Saturday, July20, 2014, 3:00 p.m. Cost Free Booking Please call 34031226 to book your Place. Address 10, Egginton Close Note Do you want to make a guitar with Katy and her mum? Science with Me is going to be with you. Please remember to bring a piece of wood, a hammer, some rubber bands and some nails with you. |
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