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题型:概要写作 题类:模拟题 难易度:困难

上海市杨浦区2021届高三上学期英语期末(一模)试卷(含听力音频)

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

What Is Zero Waste?

The goal of the "zero waste" movement is to get rid of all waste from products. "Zero waste" means using every part of a product. Today, the zero waste idea can be found everywhere from food to fashion.

Creating a zero waste restaurant is a challenge. It is very difficult to use every part of produce and leave nothing behind. Creating a soup from unused ingredients is a popular way to use up extra food items. Other ways are more advanced. Some restaurants use coffee grounds (咖啡渣) to flavor dishes. Some cooks also crush shrimp shells and reuse them in sauces. While it's challenging, zero waste restaurants appear to be on the rise.

In the fashion industry, zero waste isn't a new idea. But in today's world of fast fashion, zero waste is growing more popular. Usually, cutting cloth creates lots of waste. In zero waste fashion, designers try to avoid this. One way to do so is by adding these extra pieces of cloth to the final design. Another way is to design clothing without wasteful cuts.

Beyond restaurants and fashion, there are many other possibilities for zero waste products. All restaurants need utensils (器皿). Bakey's is a company that is developing edible (可食用的) utensils. After using them, you can eat them! Their spoons are made of flour and come in all kinds of flavors. While these spoons are not hard enough to cut meat, they are perfect for rice dishes. Meanwhile, Air New Zealand is experimenting with edible coffee cups that are made by the company Twice. They have already introduced a line of flavored cups. After you finish your coffee, you eat the cup, just like a cookie!

Whether products are made to be edible or reusable, hopefully the movement will help reduce waste all over the world.

举一反三
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

    Sadness and depression?

    Sadness is normal human emotion that everyone experiences at some time. A number of events can leave people feeling sad or unhappy, such as the loss or absence of a loved one, divorce, loss of job or income, financial trouble, issues at home, or social anxiety.

    Failing an exam, not getting a job, or other disappointing events can also trigger sadness.

    However, a person who is sad can usually find some relief from crying, venting, or talking out frustrations. This is because sadness is more likely to be linked to a specific trigger.

    Sadness usually passes with time. If it does not pass, or if the person become unable to function normally, this could be a sign of depression. If symptoms worsen or last longer than 2 weeks, the person should talk to their doctor.

    Depression is a mental disorder that affects every part of a person's feelings and perception. It affects behaviors and attitudes and can affect people of any gender or age.

    In 2015 around 16.1 million people aged 18 years or above in the U. S. had experienced at least one major depressive episode in the last year. This represented 6.7 percent of all American adults. Symptoms include feelings of discouragement, sadness, hopelessness, a lack of motivation, and a loss of interest in activities that are normally enjoyable. In severe cases, the person may think about or attempt suicide.

    The person may no longer feel like spending time with family or friends. They may stop pursuing their hobbies and feel unable to go to work or school.

    Daily habits may change unexpectedly and without reason. A person with depression may find it difficult to continue doing the things they normally enjoy.

    If these feelings of doubt last more than 2 weeks, a health-care professional may diagnose the person with major depressive disorder (MDD).

    Unlike sadness, depression can leave a person struggling to express their feelings. If the person tries to release the stress, the overpowering feelings and negative thoughts can prevent them from building themselves up again.

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