You must have written your research paper, your personal essay, your book review—-whatever your school class requires. You think you have provided good information in the needed number of words.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    But is it really done? Many teachers and professional writers believe that writing is revision.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

Revision of writing is a necessary skill for students. The classroom is a good place to practice patience, concentration and listening. There are rewards with spending time with your thoughts and really taking time to compose your ideas in an orderly and reasonable way. You should put away your paper after you have written a first version, or draft. Wait several hours, maybe overnight, before working on it more.{#blank#}3{#/blank#} Not only are you refreshed, but you're looking at things through different eyes. That's what revision literally means—to see again through different eyes.

Following a four-step process may help you with your paper. The first step in the process is invention. It includes forming many questions about your subject. It is called “question-storming”.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}Then comes the revision period. Take your time to read what you've written, to think about it, and maybe to re-shape it based on what you see now, as a kind of new person looking at it with a reader's eyeglasses rather than a writer's. The fourth step is called “publication”.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}In a sense, anytime you turn it over to another person, that's publication.

    Probably, the process takes away some of the tension of writing. And worry about the quality of your writing often disappears when you share that writing.

    Are you ready for your exam?

    So, it's exam time again -have you done the necessary work to get good marks? Sleeping with the textbook under the pillow in the hope that knowledge will be magically absorbed into your brain as you sleep doesn't work. The best strategy is to space your practice out, rather than cram(突击学习)it all together.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}!

    In an article, Tom Stafford, a lecturer in psychology and cognitive(认知的) science at the APF--University of Sheffield, advises, “If you organize five hours of study into one hour a day, you'll remember more than if you study for five hours a day.”

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#}—get pen and paper and start working. Students who can test themselves in advance will be better at getting back material from their memory and learning that material in the long run. You should start by reading a textbook using your favorite highlighter(荧光笔){#blank#}3{#/blank#}.Instead of just reading those, you basically try to test yourself on them.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#}, but if you are still anxious, there's no harm in performing a personal ritual(仪式). In Japan, for example, it seems to be a tradition for students to eat Katsudon before a test.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}. The name of the dish reminds people of the word “katsu”, meaning“ winning”. The bottom line is that you need to study, sleep well on the eve of the test, eat a nutritious meal, drink plenty of water and believe that your efforts will pay off. Good luck in your exam.

A. Don't rely on memory alone

B. That means hit the books early

C. Good revision should give you confidence

D. Then make flashcards of all the important concepts

E. They believe they could wash all the knowledge out of their head

F. This is a warm bowl of rice topped with egg and a slice of deep-fried pork

G. In different countries there are always those who swear by their “lucky underwear”

    If your dog looks pleased to see you—it is probably because it loves the particular way you smell.

    The scent (气味)of a familiar human apparently lingers like perfumein the animal's brain—where it causes an instinctive emotional response, research reveals.

    Our scent acts on a part of the canine (犬科的) brain associated with reward and the strongest reactions are produced by humans that pets know best, say scientists in America.

    Gregory Bern, of Emory University in Atlanta, said, “While we might expect that dogs should be highly tuned to the smell of other dogs, it seems that the 'reward response' is reserved for their humans. When humans smell the perfume of someone they love, they may have an immediate, emotional reaction that's not necessarily cognitive (认识的). So is it in dogs. But since dogs have a more sensitive smell than humans, their responses would likely be even more powerful than the ones we might have. In our experiment, however, the owners of the dog were not physically present. The canine brain responses were being caused by something distant in space and time. It shows that dogs' brains have these mental representations of us that persist when we're not there.”

    The experiment involved 12 dogs of various kinds by brain scans while five different scents were placed in front of them. The scent samples (样本)came from the subject (接受试险者) itself, a dog the subject had never met, a dog living in the subject's household. The familiar human scent samples were taken from someone else from the house other than the handlers during the experiment, so that none of the scent donors were physically present.

    The results showed all five scents gained a similar response in parts of the dogs brains involved in detecting smells. Responses were significantly stronger for the scent of familiar humans, followed by that of familiar dogs. The findings showed dogs reacted strongest to the scent of familiar humans even when they were not there. Pets trained as help or therapy dogs showed greater brain activity than the other dogs in the test.

    Researchers say the findings could improve the way to select animals helping wounded old soldiers or disabled people.

    As Labor Day gets close, many Americans are trying to find some final vacation time before kids head back to school. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} With people still looking for that escape, it's important to know some tips to make your dollars go the extra mile when traveling. Choose places that are in their off-season during kids' school breaks. Over the Christmas/New Year's break, for example, the prices for flights and hotels in the Caribbean and Hawaii are sky-high. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} You can go to places that are in their low season but are warm and festive (欢乐的).

    For US trips, think about extended-stay hotels (常住酒店). Extended-stay hotels give you affordable suites (套房) with a lot of free facilities for the money. You get a door to the kids' room that you can close at bedtime. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} A refrigerator, microwave and washing machines, as well as free breakfast, Wi-Fi and sometimes even dinner and snacks are available, too.

    For European city trips, rent an apartment. Hotel rooms in European cities can be expensive and tiny. They have no refrigerator or microwave, and neighbors can hear every sound. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} It also gives you more space and thicker (更厚的) walls. The kitchen can help you save some money in hotel breakfast charges, and the washing machine can help you save the time for washing.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Hunting for specific items — maybe they're seashells from each beach you stop at, maps from tourist information offices or door handle do-not-disturb-signs from hotels—gives kids a task and keeps them busy in a trip. Collecting souvenirs on a certain theme is a lot cheaper than buying them.

    There are great health benefits from walking: slimmer waistline, better emotions, more focus, a stronger immune system and balanced blood levels. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}But walking with good habits will strengthen those benefits as well as avoid any injuries. Here are the ways on how to walk properly.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Although everyone has their own way of walking, certain common behaviors can improve almost everyone's walking experience. Chief among these is your posture(姿势).As you walk, keep your head upright, your back straight, and your chin up. Otherwise, bad posture can lead to back pain, an inflexible neck, and even more serious diseases.

    Add warming up

    Before your workout, make sure you stretch (伸展) muscles to avoid injury. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}Not only may you get injured, but it will also get you tired even quicker. Start with a walk at a normal pace and then slowly increase the pace.

    Swing your arms

    Don't hold your arms tight by your side. If so, it looks awkward and also limits walking pace. Your walking pace will become faster as long as you swing your arms. If weather permits, try to keep your hands out of your pockets. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}

    Time your walks

    When walking, the time you do so matters. Make sure you walk a few minutes after you eat, not immediately. That way, your body can still digest what you just ate before a workout. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}May it be 15-30 minutes every day, find time to walk and exercise, keeping your body active.

A. Relax before walking.

B. Stand straight while walking.

C. Don't go walking at a high speed immediately!

D. It's best to create a schedule suitable for your lifestyle.

E. In other words, walking can make you happier and healthier.

F. Doing so allows you to walk faster and farther than you would otherwise.

G. Having your shoulders pulled back makes you more confident and greater!