题型：选词填空（语篇） 题类：模拟题 难易度：普通
上海市徐汇区2020届高三英语二模试卷（含听力音频）
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A. motive B. deliberately C. convinced D. injurious E. alerts F. desperately G. swept H. accounts I. unconscious J. preserving K. charging |
Why Humpback Whales (座头鲸) Protect Other Species from Killer Whales
Robert Pitman, a marine ecologist, describes an encounter he witnessed in Antarctica in 2009. A group of killer whales were attacking a Weddell seal. The seal swam toward a pair of humpbacks that had inserted themselves into the action. One of the humpbacks rolled over on its back, and the seal was onto its chest, between the whale's massive flippers (鳍). "That incident me," he says. "Those humpbacks were doing something we couldn't explain."
Pitman started asking other researchers and whale watchers to send him similar . Soon he was reading through observations of 115 encounters between humpbacks and killer whales, recorded over 62 years. "There are some pretty astonishing videos of humpbacks killer whales," he says.
In a 2016 article in Marine Mammal Science, a famous scientific journal, Pitman and his co-authors describe this behaviour and confirm that such acts of do-gooding are widespread. But knowing that something is happening and understanding why it's happening are two different things. Pitman and his co-authors openly reflected on the meaning of these encounters. "Why," they wrote, "would humpbacks interfere with attacking killer whales, spending time and energy on a potentially activity, especially when the killer whales… were attacking other species of prey?"
Interestingly, humpbacks don't just hit on killer-whale attacks. They race toward them like firefighters into burning buildings. And like those rescue workers, humpbacks don't know who is in danger until they get there. That's because the sound that them to an attack isn't the sad voice of the victim. It's the excited calls of the killer whales. Pitman believes humpbacks have one simple instruction: "When you hear killer whales attacking, go break it up."
I wonder what humpback whales care deeply enough about to actively swim into battle with killer whales. When I ask Pitman, he tells me that, it still comes down to selfishly their own kind. He believes that their occasional rescues of humpback calves (后代) create a strong enough for them to rush in to help, even if it means they end up saving sunfish, sea lions, dolphins every now and then.
make up one's mind; experience; detail; face to face; set down; make use of; conquer; fare; settle; put up; |
When I was 13, my journey in a great valley changed my attitude towards the recording of a travel. During the trip, I was busy recording every event, name and place I came across. I felt proud to {#blank#}1{#/blank#} my time, keeping a {#blank#}2{#/blank#}description of my travels. On my last night there, after I {#blank#}3{#/blank#} the tent, I went out with diary in hand. The sky was clear with the bright moon, and the walls of the valley looked frightening behind their curtains of shadows（阴影）. The beauty of nature at dusk {#blank#}4{#/blank#} my heart entirely. I took out my pen right away... At that moment, I understood that the beautiful scenery I saw {#blank#}5{#/blank#} was more meaningful than the tiring words that I had {#blank#}6{#/blank#} in my diary. Since then I have {#blank#}7{#/blank#} only to keep a special thought or feeling in my diary. The unforgettable moments I {#blank#}8{#/blank#} would be the sweet and lasting memories for my life.
A. restore B. recall C. processing D. previously E. necessary F. locating G. instead H. fascinating I. elsewhere J. composition |
As infants, we can recognize our mothers within hours of birth. In fact, we can recognize the {#blank#}1{#/blank#} of our mother's face well before we can recognize her body shape. It's {#blank#}2{#/blank#} how the brain can carry out such a function at such a young age, especially since we don't learn to walk and talk until we are over a year old. By the time we are adults, we have the ability to distinguish around 100,000 faces. How can we remember so many faces when many of us find it difficult to {#blank#}3{#/blank#} such a simple thing as a phone number? The exact process is not yet fully understood, but research around the world has begun to define the specific areas of the brain and processes {#blank#}4{#/blank#} for facial recognition.
Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology believe that they have succeeded in {#blank#}5{#/blank#} a specific area of the brain called the fusiform face area (FFA), which is used only for facial recognition. This means that recognition of familiar objects such as our clothes or cars, is from {#blank#}6{#/blank#} in the brain. Researchers also have found that the brain needs to see the whole face for recognition to take place. It had been {#blank#}7{#/blank#} thought that we only needed to see certain facial features. Meanwhile, research at University College London has found that facial recognition is not a single process, but {#blank#}8{#/blank#} involves three steps. The first step appears to be an analysis of the physical features of a person's face, which is similar to how we scan the bar codes of our groceries. In the next step, the brain decides whether the face we are looking at is already known or unknown to us. And finally, the brain furnishes the information we have collected about the person whose face we are looking at. This complex {#blank#}9{#/blank#}is done in a split second so that we can behave quickly when reacting to certain situations.
A. communicate B. vary C. involve D. spread |
communicate with, more than, the number of, be based on, because of, be able to, make use of, such as, at present, come up |
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