初中 例2买5千克苹果和4千克梨子共花去20.5元,如果苹果的单价比梨子的单价贵0.5元,求苹果和梨子的单价各是多少元?解:设苹果的单价x元/千克,梨子的单价y元千克,
所以有![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmfenced+open%3D%22%7B%22+close%3D%22%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtable%3E%3Cmtr%3E%3Cmtd%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ex%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%88%92%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmi%3Ey%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E0.5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmi%3E%E2%91%A0%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmtd%3E%3C%2Fmtr%3E%3Cmtr%3E%3Cmtd%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmi%3Ex%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%2B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmi%3Ey%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E20.5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmi%3E%E2%91%A1%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmtd%3E%3C%2Fmtr%3E%3C%2Fmtable%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmfenced%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
第一步:由①得,y=x-0.5③
第二步:把③代人②得:5x+4×{#blank#}1{#/blank#}=20.5
解得 x={#blank#}2{#/blank#}
第三步:把x的值代人③,求出y={#blank#}3{#/blank#}
答:苹果的单价是{#blank#}4{#/blank#}元/千克,梨子的单价是{#blank#}5{#/blank#}元/千克。