阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Measles (麻疹) is only found in human beings. There is a highly effective and safe
vaccine (疫苗) for the disease. So, in theory, measles could be
destroyed.
Yet the number of measles cases is on the rise.
The World Health Organization (WHO) reports
that, in the first three months of 2019, the number of cases is three times higher
than it was last year. Africa alone has had a 700 percent increase compared to last
year.
The Democratic Republic of Congo reported 67,000
measles cases and 901 measles-related deaths in 2018. This year, WHO officials have
noted more than 40, 000 suspected measles cases in the country. That number includes
284 measles-related deaths in the first weeks of 2019. Between September 2018 and
February 2019, Madagascar reported over 67, 000 measles cases, including 828 deaths.
Dr. Fauci, who directs the National Institute
of Allergy and Infectious Disease in the USA, said that one in 10 children who get
infected with measles will get an ear infection that could cause deafness. One in
20 would get pneumonia. One in a thousand would get brain swelling, and one to three
per thousand would die. To say that measles is a slight disease is completely incorrect.
Walter Orenstein is with the Emory University
Vaccine Center in Atlanta, Georgia. He has spent his life working to end measles.
Orenstein says possible effects of the disease are worse in poor countries. In those
countries children are already at greater risk. They may be malnourished (营养不良的). They may have damaged immune systems. They may be underweight and
may have no access to health care so measles is a big killer, he said.
You have a 90 percent chance of getting measles
if you have not been vaccinated and you come in contact with someone who has it.
Dr. Rebecca Martin is the Director of the Center for Global Health at the U.S. Centers
for Disease Control. She is working to remove measles from Africa completely. It
is very infectious. It will find nearly everybody who is not protected against measles,
Martin said.
Health experts advise patients to get two treatments
of the measles vaccine. U.S. health officials say educating parents about both the
disease and the vaccine is an important step in stopping the spread. Equally important
is making vaccination a top goal of health systems worldwide.