题型：任务型阅读 题类：常考题 难易度：普通
浙江省杭州市2019-2020学年八年级下学期英语期中测试卷（人教版）（含听力音频）
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A. There is still life in the desert B. There are many deserts in the world C. Some of deserts are very cold D. Almost all of the deserts are low and flat E. Little rain falls in the desert F. Not all deserts are flat and sandy |
You probably know some basic facts about deserts (沙漠). For example, most people know that deserts are dry places where more water evaporates (蒸发) each year than falls even with heavy rain. However, there are many facts about deserts that you may not know. Reading the following may help you find out more about these unusual areas.
Most deserts have less than 10 inches of rain each year. However, in some deserts of South American, it is true that rain almost never falls. In one desert in Chile, no rain has fallen for 45 years in a row! All the rain falls within a single month!
Temperatures in deserts can reach above 37.8℃ during the day, but can fall below zero at night. Areas that are too cold for anything to grow are called "frigid deserts." Other deserts are cold for long periods. The Gobi in Asia has icy temperatures for as long as six months at a time.
Although deserts can be low and flat, some have rocky hills and even mountains. Some also have lakes and plains covered with small rocks. Sand makes up only about 2 percent of North American deserts, 10 percent of the Sahara in northern Africa, and 30 percent of the Arabian Desert.
To survive in a dry desert environment, plants and animals, including humans, must make some adaptation. Desert plants cannot grow too close together because each plant would not get enough water. Other animals stay in holes underground or rest in the shade during the heat of the day.
Deserts cover about one fifth of Earth's land area. The largest desert in the world is the Sahara. The Sahara stretches from the Atlantic Ocean eastward to the Red Sea, spreading across parts of Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Sudan, Chad, Niger, Mali, and Mauritania. It covers an area about the size of the United States.
根据下面短文内容，在文章后第1~10小题的空格里填入最恰当的单词，并将答案填写在答题纸标号为1~10的相应位置上。注意：每空一词。
Christopher Columbus was born in Genoa， Italy. He was the oldest of five children in a worker's family. He enjoyed going to the sea when he was a young boy.
He heard that there was a lot of gold and other valuable things in East India. He wanted to find a short way to get to the Indies by ship. On August 3， 1492， he sailed toward the west from Palos， Spain with three ships. After many days， the sailors had covered a long distance on the sea and were ready to turn around for home when they saw land， an island Columbus named San Salvador. He thought he had found the Indies and called the people he saw there “Indians”. When they got to Cuba， he thought he was in Japan. The world was a lot larger than he thought.
In his life， he made four trips across the ocean. His 13-year-old son， Ferdinand， went with him during the last time. He returned to Spain in 1504. Columbus did not become rich as he had hoped. At the end of his life he only had a pension(退休金) the king and the queen had given him because he was the first to reach the New World. He died in 1506， still believing that he had found a new route to East India and that he had reached Asia.
Columbus didn't get to school very much， but he learned to read and write Spanish during his travels. He also taught himself Latin because all the geography books were written in Latin. He is remembered by all not only for the New World he discovered， but also for the way he led for other explorers.
Christopher Columbus and His Sailing | |
Personal information | ● Columbus was from a worker's family. His {#blank#}1{#/blank#} place is Genoa， Italy. ● He didn't get to school very much， but he loved to go to the {#blank#}2{#/blank#} as a very young boy. |
His four sailing{#blank#}3{#/blank#} | ● He sailed with three ships from Spain {#blank#}4{#/blank#} he wanted to look for the treasure in East India. During their first sailing， they found land， an island {#blank#}5{#/blank#} San Salvador by him. ● The world was {#blank#}6{#/blank#} larger than he thought and he considered Cuba as Japan by mistake. ● Later in his life， he had {#blank#}7{#/blank#} three trips across the ocean. Finally he came back home in 1504. ●{#blank#}8{#/blank#} of being rich， he only got a pension given by the king and the queen because he found the New World. |
His great achievements | ● He learnt Spanish and Latin {#blank#}9{#/blank#} himself during his travels. ● People {#blank#}10{#/blank#} Columbus because he discovered a New World and led the way for other explorers. |
The Maldives is a country in danger. This small country — made up of over 1,000 islands (岛) in the Indian Ocean—is under threat from rising sea levels ( 面临海平面上升的威胁).
{#blank#}1{#/blank#}As the water in the sea gets warmer, it expands (膨胀). Very slowly, sea levels are rising. Over the next 100 years they may rise by 50cm or more.
{#blank#}2{#/blank#}That's because its islands are very low (低的)! The highest place in the country is only about 2m above sea level. Many of its islands are less than lm above sea level. Every year, a lot of people come to the Maldives to enjoy its beautiful islands and beaches. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}
People have already had to move away from some islands. Many have moved to the capital city, Maid.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}A high wall (墙) around the island keeps the city from the sea.
For the people of the Maldives, it's hard to know what will happen in the future.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}And that's a future no one wants.
根据材料内容，从方框中选择恰当的句子填入文中空缺处，使材料完整、通顺。
A. If sea levels rise a lot, they may all have to move to other countries. B. But many of these places could go underwater in the future. C. Sea levels are rising because the earth is getting warmer. D. More than 130,000 people live there, on a small island. E. For the Maldives, that's a real problem. |
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