We all get affected by advertisements in magazines and on radioand television. They promise us and make us believe{#blank#}1{#/blank#} we can buy ideal things with our money.

    However, many products.{#blank#}2{#/blank#} promise to help us realizeour dreams, turn out to be of little effect. Their purpose is to persuade thebuyer to spend more. Well, knowing the{#blank#}3{#/blank#} (true) does not stop thevictims from{#blank#}4{#/blank#} (attract) by media stunts (噱头)!

     Though we are fully aware {#blank#}5{#/blank#} the artful devices of a toothpaste company, we enjoy the color and pictorial values that we see. Many companies make these pictures with artful imagination. A short film with a simple story and colorful atmosphere {#blank#}6{#/blank#} (create) the desired effect without using many words.

    Some of   {#blank#}7{#/blank#} best advertisements have even woninternational praise.

    The present age is an age of advertisement. All big and small companies depend on some kind of techniques{#blank#}8{#/blank#}(catch) a market for their products. Advertising may be make-believe, but it is here to stay. Industries grow{#blank#}9{#/blank#} (extreme) fast and markets are flooded with new products every day. Therefore, {#blank#}10{#/blank#} is necessary that there besome code of ethics (道德准则) to prevent producers making goods below standard and cheating the public.

        In much of Asia, especially the so-called＂rice bowl＂ cultures of China, Japan, Korea, {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Vietnam,food is usually eaten with chopsticks.

        Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo.They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might {#blank#}2{#/blank#} (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hard woods and metal {#blank#}3{#/blank#} (create)special designs.

        The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, {#blank#}4{#/blank#} (use) twigs(树枝)to removeit. Over time, {#blank#}5{#/blank#} the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.

Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which {#blank#}6{#/blank#} (gradual) turned into chopsticks.

        Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, {#blank#}7{#/blank#} livedfrom roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the {#blank#}8{#/blank#} (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and {#blank#}9{#/blank#} (be) too violent for use at the table.

Chopsticks are notused everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat {#blank#}10{#/blank#} their hands.

    Most students do an IQ test early in their school career. Even if they never see their results, they feel that their IQ is {#blank#}1{#/blank#} determines how well they are going to do in life. When they see other {#blank#}2{#/blank#} (student) doing better than them, they usually believe that those students have a {#blank#}3{#/blank#} (high) IQ and that there is nothing they can do {#blank#}4{#/blank#} (change) facts. However, new research into EQ suggests that success is not {#blank#}5{#/blank#} (simple) the result of a high IQ.

    While your IQ tells you how {#blank#}6{#/blank#} (intelligence) you are, your EQ tells you how well you use your intelligence. Professor Salovery, who {#blank#}7{#/blank#} (invent) the term EQ, gives the following description: At work, it is IQ {#blank#}8{#/blank#} gets you promoted. Supported{#blank#}9{#/blank#} his academic research, Professor Salovery suggests that when predicting someone's future success, their character, {#blank#}10{#/blank#} measured by EQ tests, might actually matter more than their IQ.

    California is the third {#blank#}1{#/blank#}(large) state in the USA and it is the most multicultural state. About 15,000 years ago, the first {#blank#}2{#/blank#}(settle) crossed the Bering Strait and arrived in California. The Native Americans suffered {#blank#}3{#/blank#}(great) after the arrival of the Europeans in the 16th century. In the 18th century, California{#blank#}4{#/blank#}(rule) by Spain until 1821 when the people of Mexico gained their independence{#blank#}5{#/blank#}Spain. California then became part of Mexico. But after the American-Mexican war in 1846, California was given to the USA.

    In 1848, gold was discovered in California，{#blank#}6{#/blank#}attracted people from all over the world to arrive there{#blank#}7{#/blank#}(achieve) their dreams of becoming rich. In 1850, California became{#blank#}8{#/blank#} 31st state of the USA as a multicultural society.{#blank#}9{#/blank#} (attract) by the climate and lifestyle, more and more people from different parts of the world have been immigrating to California{#blank#}10{#/blank#}(include) Asians, Africans and Europeans.

    If you're a fan of penguins, you might enjoy{#blank#}1{#/blank#}(participate) in a new research project to help scientists measure changes to penguin populations.

    The project {#blank#}2{#/blank#} (name) Penguin Watch and the members are counting penguins in online {#blank#}3{#/blank#} (photo) taken across Antarctica, helping scientists monitor the species in their natural habitat. Up to now, nearly 40,000 volunteers have joined in the project.

    “Penguin Watch is people-powered research{#blank#}4{#/blank#} people can help and every click {#blank#}5{#/blank#} (matter) in helping us to understand penguins,” Tom Hart, {#blank#}6{#/blank#} expert from Oxford University and a member of the Penguin Watch team, told The Telegraph.

    The data {#blank#}7{#/blank#} (give) by volunteers will also help measure changes in not only the penguins' behavior and habitat, {#blank#}8{#/blank#} the larger ecosystem as well. “Finally, this huge data set allows us to {#blank#}9{#/blank#} (effect) train computers to take over from humans and helps us pass on the tools developed for penguins to the species {#blank#}10{#/blank#} threat,” said Hart.

    John Snow was a well-known physician in London in the 19th century. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} famous was he that he even attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies. However, he decided to defeat cholera, a {#blank#}2{#/blank#} (dead) disease at that time when he saw thousands of people {#blank#}3{#/blank#} (expose) to it died every time there was an outbreak.

    In 1854 when cholera broke out, he began to gather information and marked on a map {#blank#}4{#/blank#} all the dead people {#blank#}5{#/blank#}（live）. He found many people who had drunk {#blank#}6{#/blank#} dirty water from the pump died. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera. He found a woman and her daughter who had the water {#blank#}7{#/blank#}（deliver） from the pump every day died of cholera after drinking the water. {#blank#}8{#/blank#} this extra evidence John Snow announced that the polluted water was {#blank#}9{#/blank#}（blame）. He suggested the source of all water supplies should be examined and new methods of {#blank#}10{#/blank#}（deal）with water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was defeated.