Many teachers believe that hands－on experience is the {#blank#}1{#/blank#}(good) way to learn. A group of students in the United States are putting that belief to the test. They {#blank#}2{#/blank#} (success) designed and built a robot for discovering unexplored mines {#blank#}3{#/blank#} the bottom of the sea. Students made the robot {#blank#}4{#/blank#}(answer) a challenge from the U．S. Department of Defense.

    The students recently tested the underwater vehicle {#blank#}5{#/blank#}(call) PerseusⅡin a 95－meter－long tank of water at the Stevens Institute of Technology.

    The robot costs about $15,000 to build. The students use a video game control to direct {#blank#}6{#/blank#}(it) movements in the tank. What's more, devices known as Japters {#blank#}7{#/blank#} (able) the robot to go up, down and toward its target in the water. Video cameras on the robot send images back to a computer through a 13－meter－long cable. Perseus Ⅱ,{#blank#}8{#/blank#}the students worked up to 20 hours a week to design and build, also has {#blank#}9{#/blank#} set of lasers (激光), which are used to measure the size of an object.

    DeLorme supervised the project from {#blank#}10{#/blank#}(begin) to end. He says the specialized requirements of robots were demanding.

    We use flowers as messengers, to say something we might have trouble saying {#blank#}1{#/blank#} (direct) by ourselves. Over time flowers have come to symbolize the most powerful human {#blank#}2{#/blank#} (experience): beauty, love, hope, and rebirth. Sweet flowers alone can say what one fears expressing. We've listed some of the most famous flowers {#blank#}3{#/blank#} have a special significance.

    In Mao Zedong's poem Ode to Plum Blossom（《咏梅》）, the plum blossom was used {#blank#}4{#/blank#} (praise) great soldiers who sacrificed {#blank#}5{#/blank#} (they) lives for a better life for Chinese people.

    {#blank#}6{#/blank#} great Chinese poet Li Bai from the Tang Dynasty once compared Yang Yuhuan's beautiful face {#blank#}7{#/blank#} blooming peonies（牡丹）. Flowering in May, peonie's large petals and strong colors are linked to prosperity and {#blank#}8{#/blank#} (rich) in traditional Chinese culture.

    The orchid（兰花）is well known for its delicate smell. Beautiful articles and poems {#blank#}9{#/blank#} (call) “lanzhang” by Chinese people in ancient times.

    Roses, of course, have the most colorful meaning among all the flowers. Red roses, to this day, mean “I love you.” A red rose, rather than yellow roses, acts as the traditional romantic gift {#blank#}10{#/blank#} (give) to your love on Valentine's Day. Sending yellow roses can be risky, as they represent either friendship or envy.

    Did you know that what you think you like and don't like is often the result of false beliefs? As humans, we tend to be {#blank#}1{#/blank#} (easy) influenced when it comes to liking or disliking something, and we're happy to have our existing beliefs confirmed. But once these beliefs became fixed, we often lose our ability to be {#blank#}2{#/blank#} (object) and we don't like to have our ideas challenged.  Generally speaking, human beings are not good at taking a {#blank#}3{#/blank#} (balance) view of things. For instance, we unconsciously start to listen for and select information that {#blank#}4{#/blank#} (match) our beliefs and turn a blind eye to information that doesn't, {#blank#}5{#/blank#} (reject) it out of hand. We don't always like to accept new information that doesn't match up with what we already believe.

    As a result, we often don't even consider the reasons behind {#blank#}6{#/blank#} opposing point of view. Instead, we look for evidence that confirms {#blank#}7{#/blank#} we had already thought, and which conforms to our own point of view. We're more likely {#blank#}8{#/blank#} (give) meaning to information that matches the beliefs we already have. In other words, we are biased (偏见) towards certain information. {#blank#}9{#/blank#} can come as a shock when information we {#blank#}10{#/blank#} (trust) is actually exposed to be untrue.

    Mayun, founder and chairman of Chinese e-commerce company Alibaba, left his position as company chairman on Sept 10, 2018, according to an {#blank#}1{#/blank#} (office) announcement.

    CEO Zhangyong would take over {#blank#}2{#/blank#} new chairman then. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} (make) sure a smooth and successful transition(交接), Mayun would remain in his present role until Sept 10, 2019.

    Daniel Zhangyong, who will replace Mayun in 2019, {#blank#}4{#/blank#} (call) an outstanding business leader by Mayun. Zhangyong has proven {#blank#}5{#/blank#} (he) by leading Alibaba to realize thirteen months of  healthy and high-speed {#blank#}6{#/blank#} (grow) over the past three years. He is also known as a key architect of the "Double Eleven" festival, {#blank#}7{#/blank#} has been copied by other platforms since then.

    {#blank#}8{#/blank#}(pass) the Alibaba torch(火炬) to Zhang yong and his team is the right decision at the right time," Ma yun said in a letter, "I feel {#blank#}9{#/blank#} (true) proud of this decision". When asked about his future plan, Ma yun said "I want to return to education because this is {#blank#}10{#/blank#} I love to do".

    We want our children to succeed in school and, perhaps even more importantly, in life. But the paradox(悖论) is that our children can only truly succeed {#blank#}1{#/blank#} they first learn how to fail. Consider the finding that world-class figure skaters fall over more often in practice than low-level figure skaters. Why are the really good skaters falling over the most?

    The reason is actually quite simple. Top skaters are constantly challenging themselves in practice. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} (stretch) their limitations, they keep trying their best. They fall over so often, but it is precisely why they learn so fast. Lower-level skaters have a quite different approach. They are always attempting jumps they can already do very easily, {#blank#}3{#/blank#} (remain) within their comfort zone. This is why they don't fall over. In a superficial sense, they look successful, because they are always on their feet. Never {#blank#}4{#/blank#} (fail) in practice prevents them from making progress.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#} is true of skating is also true of life. James Dyson worked through 5,126 prototypes (原型) for his newest vacuum before coming up with the design {#blank#}6{#/blank#} made his fortune. These failures were essential to the pathway of learning. As Dyson put {#blank#}7{#/blank#}: "You can't develop new technology unless you test new ideas and learn when things go wrong. Failure is essential to invention."

    In healthcare, however, things are very different. Clinicians don't like to admit to failure, partly because they have strongegos (自我) —particularly the senior doctors—and partly because they fear litigation (诉讼). The consequence is that {#blank#}8{#/blank#} learning from failure, healthcare often covers up failure. The direct consequence is that the same mistakes {#blank#}9{#/blank#} (repeat). According to the Journal of Patient Safety, 400,000 people die every year in American hospitals alone due to preventable error. {#blank#}10{#/blank#} healthcare learns to respond positively to failure, things will not improve.