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题型:诗歌鉴赏 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

阅读下面一首词,完成后面小题。
                                                                                                                                沁园春·雪
                                                                                                                                  毛泽东
                                                                                                                             北国风光,
                                                                                                                             千里冰封,
                                                                                                                             万里雪飘。
                                                                                                                             望长城内外,
                                                                                                                              惟余莽莽;
                                                                                                                              大河上下,
                                                                                                                              顿失滔滔。
                                                                                                                              山舞银蛇,
                                                                                                                              原驰蜡象,
                                                                                                                              欲与天公试比高。
                                                                                                                              须晴日,
                                                                                                                              看红装素裹,
                                                                                                                              分外妖娆。
                                                                                                                               江山如此多娇,
                                                                                                                               引无数英雄竞折腰。
                                                                                                                               惜秦皇汉武,
                                                                                                                               略输文采;
                                                                                                                               唐宗宋祖,
                                                                                                                               稍逊风骚。
                                                                                                                               一代天骄,
                                                                                                                              成吉思汗,
                                                                                                                              只识弯弓射大雕。
                                                                                                                              俱往矣,
                                                                                                                               数风流人物,
                                                                                                                               还看今朝。

(1)、这首词分为上下两阕,请概括这两阕的主要内容。

(2)、“望长城内外,惟余莽莽;大河上下,顿失滔滔。”词人说“望”,写的内容却远超出视力所能达到的范围,词人选择的观察点很高,所写景象存在于想象之中。这样写有何妙处?

(3)、怎样理解“俱往矣,数风流人物,还看今朝”的内在含意。

(4)、全词抒发了作者什么样的思想感情?

举一反三
阅读以下两则诗文,完成任务。

[甲]

鹧鸪天·桂花 

【宋代】李清照

暗淡轻黄体性柔,情疏迹远只香留。何须浅碧深红色 , 自是花中第一流。

梅定妒,菊应羞,画阑开处冠中秋。骚人可煞无情思,何事当年不见收。

[乙]

秋声赋 

 〔宋〕欧阳修

欧阳子方夜读书,闻有声自西南来者,悚然而听之,曰:“异哉!”初淅沥以萧飒 , 忽奔腾而砰湃;如波涛夜惊,风雨骤至。其触于物也,鏦鏦铮铮 , 金铁皆鸣;又如赴敌之兵,衔枚 , 不闻号令,但闻人马之行声。予谓童子:“此何声也?汝出视之。”童子曰:“星月皎洁,明河在天,四无人声,声在树间。”予曰:“噫嘻悲哉!此秋声也。胡为而来哉?

盖夫秋之为状也,其色惨淡,烟霏云敛;其容清明,天高日晶;其气栗冽,砭人肌骨;其意萧条,山川寂寥。故其为声也,凄凄切切,呼号愤发。夫秋刑官也于时为阴。又兵象也,于行用金。是谓天地之义气,常以肃杀而为心。天之于物,春生秋实,故其在也,商声主西方之音,夷则为七月之律。商,伤也,物既老而悲伤;夷,戮也,物过盛而当杀。

嗟夫!草木无情,有时飘零。人为动物,惟物之灵。百忧感其心,万事其形,有动于中,必摇其精。而况思其力之所不及,忧其智之所不能,宜其渥然丹者为槁木,黟然黑者为星星奈何以非金石之质,欲与草木而争荣?念谁为之戕贼 , 亦何乎秋声!

童子莫对,垂头而睡。但闻四壁虫声唧唧,如助予之叹息。

【注释】①浅碧深红色:宋代时期,花以红为美,以花为贵。②画阑开处:直接引用李贺《金铜仙人辞汉歌》“画栏桂树悬秋香”之句。③骚人:指屈原。④初淅沥以萧飒:起初是淅淅沥沥的细雨带着萧飒的风声。⑤砰湃:同“澎湃”,波涛汹涌的声音。⑥鏦(cōng)鏦铮(zhēng)铮:金属相击的声音。⑦衔枚:古时行军或袭击敌军时,让士兵衔枚以防出声。⑧烟霏云敛:烟气飘散,云雾密聚。⑨渥然丹者为槁木,黟(yī)然黑者为星星:红润的面色变得苍老枯槁,乌黑的头发变得鬓发花白。⑩戕(qiāng)贼:残害。

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