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题型:阅读选择 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

       In the US, people prefer waiting for a table to sitting with people they don't know. If you are sitting at a table with people you don't know, it is impolite to light up a cigarette without asking if it will disturb them.
        At American restaurants and coffee shops you are usually served tap water (自来水) before you order. You may find bread and butter is free, and if you order coffee, you may get a free refill(续杯).
Most cities and towns have no rules about opening and closing time for stores or restaurants, though they usually do make rules for bars. Especially in large cities, stores may be open 24 hours a day.
        Serving (一份) in restaurants is often large, too large for many people. If you can't finish your meal but would like to enjoy the food later, ask your waitress or waiter for a “doggie bag”. It may have a picture of a dog on it, but everybody knows you're taking the food for yourself.
        Supper and dinner are both words for the evening meal. Some people have “Sunday dinner”. This is an especially big noon meal.
Tips are not usually added to the check. They are not included in the price of the meal, either. A tip of about 15% is expected and you should leave it on the table when you leave. In some restaurants, a check is brought on a plate and you put your money there. Then the waiter or waitress brings you your change.

(1)、Which of the following statements is true?

A、American people like sitting with people they don't know. B、You may find bread and coffee is free. C、American people never sit with people they don't know. D、American people won't light a cigarette if the people who sit at the same table mind their smoking.
(2)、What do American people always do when servings are too large for them?

A、They take the food home with a “doggie bag” for their dogs. B、They leave the food on the table and go away C、They take the food home with a “doggie bag” and enjoy the food later. D、They ask the waitress or waiter to keep the food for them.
(3)、What can you learn about “tips” according to the passage?

A、Customers often add tips to their check. B、Tips are supposed to be left on the table when customers leave. C、People don't need to pay tips. D、The price of the meal usually includes the tip.
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"Why don't you ever listen?" "You just don't understand me!" "You' re of no help at all!" Sound familiar? When you're having a difficult conversation with your parents or friends, accusatory words like those can stop a discussion. As soon as one feels attacked, the defensive(防御的)walls come up, and real communication becomes all but impossible. We focus on the other person's behavior first, without spending time thinking about and telling why we're feeling hurt. Here lie the differences between "I" and "you" statements. 

An "I- statement" is a sentence beginning with the word "I" that tells another person how you are feeling in a clear way. For example, you might say, "I feel. . . " or "I become nervous when…" I- statements are a powerful tool to help you express your feelings to someone else without blaming(责怪)others. "You- statements, " such as those listed above, are statements that begin with the word "you", pointing out what other people have done wrong. These statements often mean that the listener is responsible for something. 

Why are I- statements important? When you start a conversation by talking about the other person's actions, you're sending the message that they're the problem. For most people, this immediately leads to them becoming defensive and trying to throw blame back onto you. However, starting a sentence with 'I' helps us talk about difficult feelings and how the problem is affecting us, and stops other people feeling blamed. This can be seen in the case when you feel left out. Instead of saying "You always leave me out", you can say "I feel hurt when I'm not invited because it feels like I'm not welcome". With this I- statement, you're being honest about your feelings, but you're not presenting them as something the other person did to you. As a result, the listener will experience this as more friendly, opening the possibility of further conversation and hope for a solution. 

It's a simple change, but by being a little more careful of how you express yourself, you may find people are more likely to positively listen to you and understand more about what you are trying to say. 

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