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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

天津市和平区2019-2020学度高三上学期英语期末考试试卷

阅读理解

    Professor Stephen Hawking recently came out with a serious warning for people. While at the Starmus Festival, a festival in Trondheim, Norway, celebrating science and the arts, Hawking warned people that the human race is in serious danger.

    Hawking criticized President Donald Trump for denying climate change. Then the physicist warned the audience, "I am not denying the importance of fighting climate change and global warming, unlike Donald Trump, who may just have taken the most serious, and wrong, decision on climate change this world has seen."

    Hawking proposed that the leading countries should send astronauts to the Moon before 2020 to restart a movement of more exploration in space. BBC reported that Hawking suggested that we "build a lunar base in 30 years' time and send people to Mars by 2025."

    According to BBC, Professor Hawking said, "Spreading out into space will completely change the future of humanity." He continued, "I hope it would unite competitive nations in a single goal, to face the common challenge for us all." The physicist shared more ideas to motivate the younger generation to continue exploring space. Hawking stated, "a new and ambitious space program would excite (young people), and stimulate interest in other areas, such as astrophysics and cosmology."

    Hawking also revealed his vision for other forms of energy that could move us to a new planet. He warned the audience, "The Earth is under threat from so many areas that it is difficult for me to be positive." He continued, "Our natural resources are being drained, at an alarming rate. We have given our planet the disastrous gifts of climate change, rising temperatures, reduction of the polar ice caps, deforestation, and decimation (大量毁灭) of animal species. We can be ignorant, unthinking lot (人)."

    The professor warned the audience that doing nothing would lead nowhere. He said, "If we succeed, we will send a probe (航天探测器) to Alpha Centauri within the lifetime of some of you alive today. It is clear we are entering a new space age. We are standing at the threshold (起点) of a new era. Human colonization and moving to other planets is no longer science fiction, and it can be science fact." Hawking advised the audience to move to other worlds because we are running out of space.

(1)、According to Hawking, what is the first step for humans to spread out into space?
A、To build a lunar base. B、To send people to Mars. C、To send astronauts to the Moon. D、To change the future of humanity.
(2)、What does the underlined phrase "a single goal" in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A、Spreading out into space. B、Facing the common challenge of humans. C、Stimulating young people's interest in other areas. D、Motivating the younger generation to explore space.
(3)、The underlined word "drained" in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by " _____ ".
A、speeded up B、stored C、used up D、explored
(4)、What is Hawking's attitude towards the Earth's future?
A、Worried. B、Confused. C、Positive. D、Indifferent.
(5)、What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A、To warn the audience that humans are in danger. B、To predict what will happen to the earth in future. C、To stress that humans are entering a new space age. D、To encourage the audience to move to other planets.
(6)、The reason why humans must leave earth soon is that    .
A、the Earth is under threat and the human race is in serious danger B、a new and ambitious space program would excite young people C、astronauts have found a better world in the space than the Earth D、humans have found other forms of energy to move to a new planet
举一反三
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

       This is the season for giving. Looking toget in touch with your generous side? Learn these four habits of truly thoughtful gift givers.

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        Considerate giftgiving is as much about planning as it is about how well you know the person.Take time to think about his or her personality and interests to figure out howhe or she will get the most value.

They don't focus on cost.

The practice of thoughtful giving offers awealth of benefits, but that doesn't mean givers should focus on expensivegifts.{#blank#}2{#/blank#} It seems that having more cash could actually reduce compassion(同情). And isn't compassion what this time ofyear is all about? So don't take it too hard if you don't have a lot to spend.{#blank#}3{#/blank#} 

They make gifts personal.

Gifting is an opportunity to let a personknow how much you appreciate and love him, and show how well you know him.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}  Book a massage (按摩), take them to a wine tasting event, orget a couple of tickets to a concert or show. If you're buying for a parent,taking their kids for an evening could be the best gift of all.

They think about the presentation.

{#blank#}5{#/blank#} See what you have around your house to customize packaging. You can usepretty towels to cover something like a bottle of wine. You can also tie on adecoration that fits the theme of your gift.

A. They plan ahead.

B. Instead, get creative.

C. They enjoy giving more than receiving.

D. In fact, thoughtful gift givers don'tconcentrate on the cost of presents.

E. Thoughtful gift givers pay attention todetail, including how their gifts are packaged.

F. Make a list of your ideas ahead of timeto make sure you find the perfect fit for everyone.

G. If you're buying for someone who seemsto have everything, consider gifting an experience.

阅读理解

    Bottled water has become the choice for people who are healthy and thirsty. Bottled water is all over the world. But some say the planet's health, and people's health may be suffering from it.

    The idea that bottled water is safer for humans may not be true. The Natural Resources Defense Council of America said, “There is no promise that because water comes out of a bottle, it is cleaner or safer than water from the tap.” Another New York City-based action group added that some bottled water is “really just tap water in a bottle—sometimes more clean, sometimes not.”

    It is not proven that bottled water is better than tap water. Nick Reeves from the Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Management said, “The high mineral content(含量) of some bottled water makes them not good for feeding babies and young children.” Also, most bottled water doesn't have fluoride(氟化物), which can make teeth stronger. Kids are drinking more bottled water and less fluoridated tap water, and some say that's behind the recent rise in bad teeth.

    Storing is another problem. Placed near heat, the plastic bottles can produce bad chemicals(化学物质) into the water.

    According to the Environmental Protection Agency, some 2.7 million tons of plastic are used worldwide to bottle water each year. The plastic can take between 400 and 1,000 years to break down.

    In terms of energy use, plastic bottles are also not cheap. One report said that if water and soft drink bottlers had used 10 percent recycled materials in their plastic bottles, they would have saved about 72 million gallons of gas.

    So, if you are worried about the effect of bottled water on the Earth, you can take the following steps.

●Drink from your tap. Unless your government warns against this, it should be fine.

●Get a container(容器). Carry your tap water in a steel or a lined drinking container, and clean it between uses.

●Keep it cool. Don't drink from a bottle that has been sitting in the sun, don't store it near chemicals, and don't reuse plastic bottles.

●Choose glass containers over plastic if possible. When finished, recycle!

根据短文理解,选择正确答案。

    Ahead of so-called Singles' Day on the 11th of this month,2013, online sales have already begun peaking.

    The leading e-business platform, tmall.com, has promoted(促销) its fifty-percent-off discount to attract consumers. They are also trying to attract buyers through social media. Vice President of tmall.com Wang Yulei says more than 20 thousand online stores have joined the Double 11 Day sales. But this number has doubled. The final number of how many products going to be on sale has not been known yet. But so far, many more products planned to be put on shelves with discounts.

    During last year's Singles' Day, tmall.com, together with taobao.com, reached a record of 19.1 billion yuan in sales, which considered a milestone in the e-business history of China.

    Singles' Day was first started by Chinese college students in the 1990s as the opposite of Valentine's Day, a celebration for people without romantic partners. The timing was based on the date: Nov. 11—or double 11—for singles. Single young people would treat each other to dinner or give gifts to show love to someone and end their single status.

    But now, the Singles' Day has been promoted as a kind of grand craze just for the shopping season, thanks to thousands of discounted products being promoted online.

    Taobao.com was the first big e-retail platform which used the double 11 idea to promote sales. Taobao.com reached one million yuan worth of sales on that day in 2009, when they first promoted the Singles' Day idea. In 2010, the sales increased to 936 million yuan. The figure climbed up to 5.3 billion yuan in 2011, putting huge demand on shipping services. The figure doubled in 2012.

    E-commerce is considered to be replacing the traditional retailing industry, but the reality is both sides are learning from each other.

阅读理解

    Forests are always losers at the Olympics, and that's unlikely to change anytime soon.

    For the winter games in PyeongChang, South Korea, virgin forest was destroyed on Mount Gariwang to accommodate ski runs. For the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing, a ski run is set to wipe out part of the Songshan National Nature Reserve And let's not forget the 240 acres of Atlantic Forest that were leveled for the 2016 games in Rio de Janeiro to make way for a golf course.

    For the upcoming Tokyo games, environmental and human rights advocates have been raising alarms about the use of tropical wood to build the New National Stadium. Activists have fought against such environmental destruction. The damage is often permanent, threatens endangered plants and animals and, in some cases, causes conflicts with native people But frequently the country's organizing committee, and the International Olympic Committee (IOC) have found ways to make it reasonable—despite a paragraph in the Olympic Charter that states that the IOC's role is to "encourage and support a responsible concern for environmental issues."

    As it stands now. the IOC has little authority over a city's local organizing committee, which finally plans the event, Chappelet, professor of public management at the University of Lausanne, told Earther. "Even if the IOC is dissatisfied with the way host cities have prepared for the games, they have no built-in systems to supervise (监督) them so that they strictly follow the Olympic Charter. The only thing they can do if they're not happy is to withdraw the right to organize the game. But the IOC could include more enforcement (执行) systems into the contract (合同) they make with the host city, he added. That contract must be signed and obeyed by everyone. Those who break it could be fined.

    Boykoff, the author of several books on the Olympics, suggested a similar solution. "The IOC could insist that host cities prioritize their ecological promises, but instead they look the other way, time and time again," he said.

阅读理解

Summer Programs for Teens

University of Maryland: TERP Young Scholars

    This program is the perfect summer camp for academically talented teenagers who want to pursue academic interests, explore career opportunities, and discover college life at the University of Maryland.

    During three weeks of intellectual exploration, teens can study with students who share similar interests, and communicate with some of the university's best teachers. Upon successful completion, students can earn three college credits.

Carpe Diem: The University-bound Adventure

    Carpe Diem supports both American and international students in applying to a university by providing private consultation. This 2-week experience also includes tours of famous East Const universities Students will also have the opportunity to build their resumes (简历) by working with writing experts.

    Great Books Summer Program

    This is a lively, warm and welcoming summer camp community of outstanding teens, who love literature and ideas. In the past eleven years, it has gathered middle and high school students from across the world to read selections from the greatest works of literature, experience heated discussions and enjoy summer camp fun with other literary-minded students. Participants can gain confidence in their ability to read a text closely and express their ideas clearly both verbally and in writing.

Zeal Travel

    We offer our teens two week and three- week long trips to Hawaii, Alaska, Australia and Spain. All trips include 15-25 hours of community service activities.

    Depending on your trip of choice, you'll be helping Hawaiians protect their forest ecosystem, caring for dogs in Spain, working with Habitat for Humanity, and much more. Every trip also includes exciting outdoor activities like surfing, driving, ice-climbing, hiking and more. The possibilities are endless and there is a zeal trip for every interest.

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