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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

黑龙江省双鸭山市第一中学2020届高三上学期英语第一次月考试卷

阅读理解

    China became the first country to clone a monkey using non-reproductive cells, reducing the need to keep lab monkeys and paving the way for more accurate, effective, and affordable animal tests for new drugs.

    By December of 2017, Chinese scientists had created two clone macaques named "Zhong Zhong" and "Hua Hua" by nuclear transferring of somatic cells -- any cell in the organism other than reproductive cells. This was the similar technology used to create the famous clone sheep Dolly in 1996.

    Tetra, a rhesus monkey born in 1999, is the world's first ever-cloned monkey, but it was done using a simpler method called embryo splitting, but it could only generate four cloned offspring at a time and cannot be genetically modified to suit experimental needs, said Pu Muming, an academician at the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the director of Institute of Neuroscience, CAS. "Cloning a monkey using somatic cells has been a world-class challenge because it is a primate(灵长类)that shares its genetic makeup, therefore all of its complexity, with humans." Pu Muming said.

    "For drug and other lab tests, scientists have to purchase monkeys from all over the world, which is costly, bad for the environment and produces inaccurate results because each monkey might have different genes," Pu said. "By cloning monkeys using somatic cells, we can mass produce large numbers of genetically same offspring in a short time, and even change their genes to suit our needs," he added. "This can save time, cut down experiment costs, and produce more accurate results, leading to more effective medicine."

    Sun Qiang, director of the non-human primate research facility at the institute, said most of the drug trials are currently done on lab mice. However, drugs that work on mice might not work or even have severe side effects on humans because the two species are so different. "Monkeys and Humans are both primates, so they are much closely related and testing on Monkeys is supposed to be as effective as testing on humans," he said. This is especially useful in testing drugs for neural diseases such as Parkinson's disease, metabolic and immune system disease, and tumor, he added. "This achievement will help China lead the world research in an international science project related to neural(神经的)mapping of primate brains,"he said. However, bio labs from the United States, Japan, and European countries are also very able, and they will quickly catch up to China after the monkey cloning technology is made public, Sun added." This means we have to innovate continuously and work extra harder this year to stay ahead," he said.

(1)、What is special about China's cloning monkey?
A、It transferred cells in the lab. B、It creates two monkeys at a time. C、It adopts a method of embryo splitting. D、It uses non-reproductive cells.
(2)、Why do scientists clone monkeys?
A、To keep monkeys from being endangered. B、To test new medicines on them. C、To find the side effects of medicines. D、To find a cure for mental diseases.
(3)、Which of the following is True?
A、Cloning a monkey using somatic cells is easy. B、Scientists have easy access to monkeys. C、Using somatic cells is more expensive to clone. D、Using somatic cells to clone monkeys makes it possible to produce more effective medicine.
(4)、What Sun said in the last paragraph suggests      .
A、they are determined to catch up to America B、they try to avoid competition from other countries C、they aren't satisfied with what they have achieved D、they have to keep the monkey-cloning technology a secret
举一反三
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    {#blank#}1{#/blank#}Sometimes they try to get out of a class to escape a teacher they don't like. Here is some advice to solve this problem.

    Ask yourself, “What can I learn from this teacher?” Even if you don't worship (崇拜) his or her personality or lectures, dig deep until you find a subject in which he or she is very knowledgeable. Focus on that part of the teacher's personality, and use him or her as a toolfor learning. Not only will you gain more knowledge in that subject, but acloser relationship with your teacher may help you understand one another better.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Talk to students who are doing well in the class and ask them for tips, tools, and a plan of action to get along with the teacher better.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}

    If you still can't get along, make an appointment with the school guidance counselor (辅导员). He or she will offer many tips and suggestions for you to get out of difficult teacher relationships.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}That means they can help you and your teachers get rid of the bad impression on eachother.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#}Your parents can meet with your teacher and try to work it out.

    Teachers are there for more than just homework, and they know about more than just their subject matter. They canhelp you learn how to function as an adult and a lifelong learner.

    Undoubtedly, these will be a fewteachers along the way who you will always remember and who might change your life forever.

A. If your relationship problems can't be solved in school, then it's time to tell your parents or guardians.

B. If you're too shy to talk to another student, study his or her actions and behavior in the classroom and try to follow that lead.

C. Students don't always get along well with their teachers.

D. There must be something good in every teacher for you to learn from.

E. Students find it easy to get along well with their teachers.

F. Sometimes a guidance counselor can act as a mediator between you and the teacher.

G. Guidance counselors have the right to blame teachers.

阅读理解

    When we talk about famous UK writer Agatha Christie, it seems that her famous detectives Hercule Poirot and Miss Marple are must-reads. So, of course, are her best-selling novels Murder on the Orient Express (1934) and Death on the Nile (1937).

But when the readers around the world were asked to name their favorite Christie novel to mark her 125th birthday on Sept 15, And Then There Were None (1939) topped the list, reported The Guardian.

    It may surprise you to learn that it is a crime novel without a detective. What it does have is suspense (n.悬念) and a very sinister (adj.邪恶的) atmosphere. It is “on a knife edge”, as Mathew Prichard, Christie's grandson, told the newspaper.

    Ten people get an invitation to come to a house on a small island near Devon in South West England. Nobody refuses these invitations since each one promises something the person wants: a job, a holiday, a chance to meet up again with an old friend.

    These people are all responsible for deaths. Some are directly responsible, others are responsible because of what they did not do. Anthony James Marston, for instance, killed two children while driving dangerously. He did not feel guilty and actually complained when he was banned from driving. Another, Emily Caroline Brent, is a harsh person who threw out a young servant for becoming pregnant while unmarried. The servant later killed herself.

    When they arrive at the house they are played a recording. The voice gives details of the wrongdoing of each of the guests. Starting with Marston, each is killed in a way that fits their crime. The series of deaths is completed with a hanging, “and then there were none”, as the title suggests.

    Christie can be quite a predictable writer. Some of her stories are a little unoriginal. But this book is full of clever writing. Look it up to find out what this hugely successful mystery writer, the “Queen of Crime” as she was called, could do at her best.

阅读短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

About aspirin:

    Aspirin is a commonly used drug which can be taken to relieve discomfort caused by numerous medical problems including headaches, toothache, inflammation and infections. It is also suitable to treat colds and flu-like symptoms, and to reduce a high temperature.

    Who can take aspirin?

    Adults and children over 16 years of age.

    Who should not take aspirin?

    Women who are pregnant, or plan to become pregnant. Aspirin may harm your unborn baby.

    Women who are breast-feeding. Aspirin can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby.

    People who have any problems with the way the liver works or with the way the kidneys work.

How to take aspirin:

    Take aspirin after meals, with a full glass of water or milk.

    The recommended dose ranges from two to three tablets at a time. Never take more than 4g (12 tablets) in any 24 -hour period.

    You must not take these tablets with any other medicine which contains any aspirin or painkiller.

How to store aspirin:

    Keep all medicines out of the reach and sight of children.

    Store aspirin in a cool, dry place, away from direct heat and light.

    Do not put aspirin in the bathroom because the dampness there can cause it to lose its effectiveness.

    Throw away aspirin that smells strongly of vinegar.

Possible side effects:

    Feeling sick, increased risk of bleeding, stomach pain, indigestion and heartburn are common. If these effects continue, contact your doctor.

    Ringing in the ears, difficulty breathing, dizziness, and mental confusion are rare. If these occur, stop taking the drug and contact your doctor for further advice.

 阅读短文,回答问题

Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?

We all grew up hearing people tell us to "go out and get some fresh air". {#blank#}1{#/blank#}According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good. 

{#blank#}2{#/blank#}If the air you're breathing is clean—which it would be if you're away from the smog of cities—then the air is filled with life-giving, energising oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles (肌肉) and your brain. 

Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing (治愈). {#blank#}3{#/blank#}In these places, patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure and put people into a better mood (情绪). Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}It gives us a great feeling of peace. 

{#blank#}5{#/blank#}While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also help us make up beneficial vitamin D. To make sure you get enough vitamin D—but still protect your skin—put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of vitamin D. 

A. Fresh air cleans our lungs. 

B. So what are you waiting for?

C. Being in nature refreshes us. 

D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight. 

E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?

F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care. 

G. All across the country, recovery centres have begun building Healing Gardens. 

 阅读理解

I traveled to Hawaii several months ago, in part to cover a story on invasive plants and animals and their impact on the state. As I worked on this story, I kept thinking about the fact that some plants and animals become uncontrollably invasive when they're brought into a new ecosystem, while others don't. For example, over the past two hundred years or so, there have been approximately 20, 000 non-native plant species either intentionally or accidentally brought into Hawaii alone. But only a small part of those plants — 200 species or so — have become invasive, threatening the environment, the economy, or human health. 

An example from Hawaii's forests: the invasive plant strawberry guava thrives as it gives off a chemical that prevents all other plants from growing nearby, and it also absorbs more water than native species. What makes these particular species so successful? Most of the reasons involve how a particular species interacts with its new environment. First, invasive species may be highly adaptable to a variety of climates. Second, they are usually quite fecund (多产的), which ensures that they can multiply rapidly. Third, they are usually threatening when it comes to resources like nutrients and space, easily crowding out their native counterparts (对应的物种). And finally, invasive species thrive when there are no natural enemies or pests in their new space.

How can we eradicate invasive species once they're in place? Unfortunately, it's nearly impossible to do that — conservationists would have to notice that the species is a problem before its population has established and grown to an uncontrollable size. Instead, most conservationists battling invasive species aim for control in key ecological pockets.

It is a constant battle, though, and humans are always playing catch-up. If you're thinking of planting unusual plants in your garden or keeping a foreign pet, perhaps reconsider and go for a native one. You never know when they might escape and tip over an ecosystem.

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