This is my family tree. My name is Jack. I'm English. I have a big family. My wife(妻子) Allen is a teacher. We have two children. Tom is my son. Linda is my daughter. They are students in No. 2 Middle School. My father's name is Jeff. My mother's name is Grace. They are at home. Bill is my brother. He is a worker. Nancy is my wife's sister. She is a doctor. My wife's mother's name is Sue. Her father's name is Harry. They are old, too.

⑴{#blank#}1{#/blank#}⑵{#blank#}2{#/blank#}⑶{#blank#}3{#/blank#}⑷{#blank#}4{#/blank#}⑸{#blank#}5{#/blank#}

①Charles works in the city center and wants to take up a sport that he can often do during his lunch break. He enjoys a game in which he can play with his workmate on the desk to relax. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} 

②Isabel, aged 17, is a Chinese girl who studies in the US now. She never misses any matches played by Houston Rockets. She hopes to follow in Yao Ming's steps. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} 

③Alex likes water sports very much. He is good at showing different styles, such as butterflies, frogs and so on. Believe it or not, he can dive under water for 2. 5 minutes. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} 

④Tara comes from America. Now she teaches English in a middle school in Beijing. In her free time, she would like to go in for a traditional sport so that she can learn more about China. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} 

⑤Toby is a student in charge of PE lesson in Riverside Middle School. These days he is training hard for the coming sports meeting. He wants very much to break the school record of 175cm. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} 

A.           B.           

C.            D.           E.

A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.

B. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.

C. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.

D. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.

E. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.

F. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

    Secret codes (密码)keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.

    People have used secret codes for thousands of years. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.

    There are three main types of cryptography. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}For example, the first letters of "My elephant eats too many eels" Spell out the hidden message "Meet me."

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#}You might represent each letter with a number, for example, Let's number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message "Meet me" would read "13, 5, 5, 20, 15, 5."

    A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} For example, "bridge" might stand for "meet" and "out" might stand for "me." The message "bridge out" would actually mean "Meet me." {#blank#}5{#/blank#} However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.

    Music touches our hearts and shortens (缩短) the distance between people of different countries. The super star Jay Chou has cooperated with the American NBA star Kobe Bryant to create a song named TheHeavenandEarthChallenge. That's a song written by Jay Chou whose favorite sport is basketball. It expresses the love for basketball. And it encourages young people to be more confident. Jay Chou has learned much from Kobe's sports spirit. In the song, Jay Chou does most of the singing part while Kobe plays a part of a rapper (说唱者). People can download the ring tone(铃声) of the song from the Internet. All the money from the downloads will go to Project Hope, which aims to improve the educational environment in poor areas in China.

    The Republic of Kenya is a country in Africa, with a population of about 48，000，000. Nairobi is the capital of Kenya. Kiswahili and English are its official languages, and it also has many local languages. Kenya covers 582，646 square kilometers. It has a warm and humid tropical climate on its Indian Ocean coastline. On Kenya's land, fruit, vegetables, coffee, tea, corns and wheat are the main agricultural produce. The people in Kenya like cross­country running, road running, soccer, boxing and so on. Kenya won several medals during the Beijing Olympics—five golds, five silvers and four bronzes, making it Africa's most successful nation in the 2008 Olympics.

    When you are learning English, you find it not clever to translate an English sentence, word for word, into your own language. Take the sentence "How do you do?" for example. If you look up each word in the dictionary, one at a time, what is your translation? It must be a wrong sentence in your own language. Languages don't just have different sounds, they are different in many ways. It's important to master(掌握) the rules for word order in the study of English, too. If the speakers put words in a wrong order, the listener can't understand the speaker's sentence easily. Sometimes when the order of words in an English sentence is changed, the meaning of the sentence changes. But sometimes the order is changed, the meaning of the sentence doesn't change between the two pairs of sentences: "She only likes apples." "Only she likes apples." "I have seen the film already." "I have already seen the film."

    When you are learning English, you must do your best to get the spirit of the language and use it as the English speakers do.