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题型:阅读理解 题类:模拟题 难易度:普通

天津市部分区(五区联考)2019届高三英语二模试卷

阅读理解

    Hacking isn't just for computers and smart phones. According to a study, scientists have found a way to hack a plant's genes in order to make it use sunlight more quickly. Someday, the results could increase the number of food produced around the world.

    Scientists used tobacco plants in the study because it is easy to change the plants' genes. Hacked plants are larger than normal plants.

    Photosynthesis is the word used to describe how plants use sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to make their own food. Scientists say this is a very slow process. Plants use less than 1 percent of the energy. But by hacking a plant's genes, the scientists were able to increase the amount of leaf growth on plants between 14 and 20 percent. Scientists hacked the plant's protective system. Normally, this system starts when a plant gets too much sunlight. When the plant senses the light, it creates more leaves. When the plant is in shade, the protective system is turned off. But the process is slow.

    The new study sped up the process by changing the plant's genes, the protective system turned on and off more quickly than normal. As a result, leaf growth on the plants scientists used in the study increased. Leaf growth on two plants increased by 20 percent, while leaf growth on a third plant increased by 14 percent. Scientists conducted the study on tobacco plants. But they think the genetic changes would produce the same results in corn and rice.

    Agriculture professor Tala Awanda said the study makes sense, but cautioned the yield(产量)might not be quite so high for conventional food crops. Still, she added in an email, "this study remains a breakthrough,"

(1)、Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 1 ?
A、We can find hacking only in digital devices. B、A plant's genes can be changed by hacking. C、Hacking has been used in improving food production. D、Hacking can be used to change whatever you want.
(2)、Why did scientists choose tobacco plants to study?
A、Because they are very easy to get. B、Because their genes are easy to change. C、Because they are larger than other plants. D、Because they can absorb sunlight quickly.
(3)、What do we know about photosynthesis?
A、It helps plants to produce energy. B、It is regarded as a productive system for plants. C、It can increase leaf growth on plants by 14 percent. D、It is made up of sunlight, water and carbon dioxide.
(4)、We can learn from Paragraph 4 that changing the plants' genes proved _______.
A、useless B、deadly C、effective D、unrealistic
(5)、What is Tala Awanda's attitude toward the study?
A、Doubtful. B、Neutral. C、Objective. D、Critical.
举一反三
阅读理解

    “There's a mother in PICU(儿童重症监护病房)who wants to talk about a kit she received,” the nurse told me. “Something about it made her cry.”

    I've been a child-1ife specialist at the Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital since 2000. I help families understand diagnoses and treatment plans and manage the ups and downs that come with caring for a sick child. Tough talks with parents are part of the job, which still makes me feel nervous.

    The kits the nurse was talking about were something I had recently introduced to the hospital: Comfort Kits from Guideposts. They were supposed to make a child's experience here easier, not upsetting.

    When I came across the kits at a conference. I fell in love with them. A treasure box of items designed not only to entertain kids, but to comfort and inspire them. There's a coloring book, a stress ball, a CD of relaxing music, a hairy star named Sparkle, a journal and much more. I really believed these kits would help kids. I wished I hadn't been mistaken.

    At the patient's room in PICU I saw a little girl, sleeping soundly, surrounded by tubes and machines. My eyes met her mother's. The kit was open on her lap and tears were running down her cheeks.

    “I'm Shannon. I manage the Child Life Department.” I said. “I'm sorry if the kit upset you .It's a new item…”

    The mother shook her head. “This has been one of the worst days of my life .I felt so scared and alone. Then I was handed this box. I know it's for my daughter, but it's just the comfort I needed. I wanted to say thank you.”

    With that I knew Comfort Kits belonged here. We've been using them for almost three years now. Each child who's admitted to the hospital receives one. Every day I see kids coloring, journaling, playing with Sparkle.

    But as this mom showed me Comfort Kits aren't just for kids. The hope they bring, which can be in short supply in hospitals sometimes, is felt by the whole family.

阅读理解

    It's generally believed that people act the way they do because of their personalities and attitudes. They recycle their garbage because they care about the environment. They pay $5 for a caramel brulee latte because they like expensive coffee drinks.

    It's undeniable that behavior comes from our inner dispositions(性情),but in many instances we also draw inferences about who we are,as suggested by the social psychologist Daryl Bern,by observing our own behavior.We can be strangers to ourselves.If we knew our own minds,why would we need to guess what our preferences are from our behavior?If our minds were an open book,we would know exactly how much we care about the environment or like lattes.Actually,we often need to look to our behavior to figure out who we are.

    Moreover,we don't just use our behavior to learn about our particular types of character—we infer characters that weren't there before.Our behavior is often shaped by little pressures around us,which we fail to recognize.Maybe we recycle because our wives and neighbors would disapprove if we didn't.Maybe we buy lattes in order to impress the people around us.We should not mistakenly believe that we always behave as a result of some inner disposition.

    Whatever pressures there can be or inferences one can make,people become what they do,though it may not be in compliance(符合)with their true desires.Therefore,we should all bear in mind Kurt Vonnegut's advice:"We are what we pretend to be,so we must be careful about what we pretend to be."

阅读理解

    Forcing waiters and waitresses to survive on tips from customers rather than normal wages is a pointless, crude, and unique American custom that, in the past several years, a handful of progressive restaurant owners have attempted to do away with. Danny Meyer, CEO of Union Square Hospitality Group, is about to join their ranks and has announced that he plans to gradually stop tipping at the company's 13 restaurants.

    What, exactly, is wrong with tipping? As Brian Palmer has explained, more or less it's everything. To start, leaving a waiter's pay in the hands of customers has a feeling of classism (阶级歧视). And in theory, handing restaurant customers the power to tip is at least supposed to motivate better service. This fails in practice because humans turn out to be pretty arbitrary (随意的) about their tipping behavior. Research has shown that the amount diners tip has very little to do with their level of satisfaction. All of this doesn't encourage waiters and waitresses to do anything but turn over as many tables as possible.

    Tipping is also very unfair to kitchen staff. The law allows restaurants to divide tips between front-of-the-house workers like waiters, hosts, hostesses, and bartenders (调酒师), but not cooks. This creates a system in which the people serving the food in a restaurant can earn more than the people preparing it.

    One of the most fascinating parts of Meyer's move is that, unlike some restaurant owners who have taken an anti-tipping stand, he won't simply add a standard extra charge to diners' bills. Rather, Union Square Hospitality Group means to raise menu prices enough to fully cover the cost of a meal. If Meyer manages to move away from tipping at all without hurting his profits, it would almost certainly set the stage for others to follow suit.

阅读理解

    Morning Environmental Education Program

    A fun environmental based activity program for kids will be held in the mornings at Camp Hawk. Curriculum(课程) is designed to be interactive(互动的). Fees are $60 and includes lunch.

    Camp Hawk is open to children of abilities; however, daily participation(参加) requires that a child be able to stay with the group while outside on adventures, as well as to listen to and follow directions from the counselors(辅导员).

    Topics Include:

    Tuesday: Kids will build a space station with legos(儿童积木), and build their solar system with bottle caps.

    Wednesday: Kids will learn about the importance of the mangroves(红树) to the Florida Keys and other areas of the world. They'll take a field trip to explore life in the mangroves, and make their own mangrove poem.

    Thursday: Campers will learn about the bottle nosed dolphin and the types of sharks that live in the keys. This session will also take them out of the classroom to the Dolphin Connection observation area.

    Friday: This day is all about reptiles(爬行动物). Kids will learn about "The mixed up Chameleon" activities and art project, Reptile "hunt" fieldtrip, and making lizard bracelets.

    Saturday: Campers will learn about all of the creatures of Florida by taking a fieldtrip to observe dolphins, fish, birds, reptiles, sharks, and insects. Create their own animal, make their own aquarium and feed the tarpon at the harbor.

 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 

How satisfied are you with your life ? How good do you feel every day ? Your answers to those two questions can show how happy you are. 

It's true that your happiness is partly affected by your genes.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}According to experts, happiness is a choice. It's something that you can develop with continuing practice. Following these tried-and-true tips can help you find happiness.

Be kind to yourself.

Don't compare yourself to others. Everyone has different talents and abilities. It's OK that you're not like someone else. Comparison has been called " the thief of joy". In addition, forgive yourself often{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

Take breaks from social media.

{#blank#}3{#/blank#}Yet much of what appears on social media is not real. Many people compare themselves with those images, resulting in feelings of discouragement. 

{#blank#}4{#/blank#} . 

Spending time with people you love and that love you is necessary for building strong connections and developing a sense of belonging. By devoting time and attention to those who matter most to you, you can create lasting memories, deepen understanding, and strengthen bonds with each other happily. 

Get outside for exercise.

Nature helps to reduce stress. Exercise and put your health in the first place. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}Just going on a walk can make a difference. 

Limit time you spend on news.

Stay aware of recent events. But don't spend hours consuming news, which usually includes negative stories and events.

Since happiness is a choice, why not choose it ? Life will look brighter filled with love and joy!

A. You are not perfect. 

B. Invest in your relationships. 

C. Determine happiness through actions. 

D. You could perhaps lead a happier life and feel more satisfied. 

E. But even if you're not usually a happy person, you can change that.

F. People who get up and move are usually happier than those who don't.

G. The Internet is full of people who look beautiful and seem to lead exciting lives. 

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