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题型:阅读选择 题类:模拟题 难易度:困难

2019初中英语中考复习专题训练卷(七)阅读理解(三)说明议论类

阅读理解

    Albert Einstein is right once again! He thought of the idea about gravitational waves years ago with his Theory of Relativity, but scientists are finally discovering that it really exists now. But what are gravitational waves, and why are they important?

    Well, gravitational waves are made by black holes and can change time in space. Black holes aren't holes but are lots of matter put together into a very small area. They are created when a star, much like our sun, explodes and leaves behind this dense* material. It doesn't shine like a star any more, and it becomes black.

    The black holes that made these waves are special. About 1.3 billion years ago, there were two black holes that kept moving closer and closer together. Finally, they hit each other and formed one big black hole. The energy is given off and created the ripples* in space. These ripples are gravitational waves. For example, imagine you throw a stone into a pool. It creates ripples that change the shape of the water. Well, that's kind of what the influence of one black hole hitting the other has in space.

    Gravitational waves are hard to explore. But thanks to the efforts of scientists, the ripples were discovered on Feb. 11th, which is the first time in human history. Einstein was excellent to know this 100 years ago before we have the technology. It can give us a new view of the universe we live in. The discovery of gravitational waves, unlike stars, galaxies and other bright objects, black holes don't produce light, so we can't see them by tools. Gravitational waves allow scientists to look at the universe not only with light, but also with gravity. "Everything else in astronomy like the eye," A scientist told The New York Times. "Finally, astronomy grew ears. We had never ears before."

    Now, we will be able to find black holes and things that are much further away from Earth, which means much more space exploration in the future. And who knows, this discovery could even lead to time travel!

(1)、Gravitational waves are ripples that are created by
A、stars B、lots of matter C、different materials D、black holes
(2)、The third paragraph of the passage is mainly about     .
A、how black holes are formed B、how gravitational waves are created C、why gravitational waves are important D、why black holes are black
(3)、The discovery of gravitational waves can help people         .
A、understand the shape of water B、see black holes clearly C、learn more about the universe D、travel anywhere freely
(4)、What can we learn from the passage?
A、Albert Einstein discovered gravitational waves. B、Where there are black holes, there are gravitational waves. C、Gravitational waves are to astronomy what ears to people. D、Gravitational waves are easy for scientists to be found by light.
举一反三
 阅读短文,回答问题

Taking notes(笔记) is an important part of learning. Students listen to the teacher. They write down the important things. Or they use a computer. These days, many students take a computer to class to type(打字) their notes. 

Some people think that using a computer is better. People type faster than they write. That means they can write more. If you can type fast, you can type every word the teacher says. 

Computers are becoming very common in classrooms. Almost every student in university has a computer small enough to take to class in order to type notes. Fewer students write things down. So there is a trend in schools now to spend less time on teaching kids how to write. Schools are moving away from teaching younger students how to write by hand. Many people see no need for writing by hand. 

However, studies advise that it is good to write things down. When people can't write every word, they have to think about it more. They have to pick out what is important. And the act of writing seems to help them to remember. Studies show that people who write down their notes remember the information better. A new study, done by Princeton University and University of California, found that students who took notes by hand learned more than those who used a computer. In the study, 65 university students listened to the teacher and took notes with pens or computers. Then they did tests about how well they remembered and understood the lesson. Results show that pen users do better than those who take notes with their computers. 

 从下列五个选项中选择适当的句子还原到短文中, 使短文完整与正确。(其中有一个多余选项) 第45题: 按要求回答问题。

Ways to increase confidence

 Self-confidence is important for everyone's success. If you don't have confidence, it becomes very hard to move forward and make progress in life. With this in mind, here are some tips to increase confidence. 

{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

 One thing that's easy to do is to change your appearance. It's amazing how good a new dress, a haircut, or having your teeth whitened or your nails done can make you feel. Even a humble shower and a shave can give your self-image a lift. Looking confident will help you feel more confident. 

{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

 Leave behind the ones who put you down. If that's not possible, see them less. A survey of  48 studies by the American Psychological Association in 2019 found positive(积极的) social relationships improved self-confidence but poor-quality relationships had a bad effect. Actively meet them, as having fun with great people will make you feel better about yourself. 

{#blank#}3{#/blank#}

 Getting out of your comfort zone will give you a sense of achievement and help yourself-belief. When you try new things and accept new challenges, you will be surprised to find there will be dreams. Would you like to paint better? Look around for an art class. You'll will boost your self-confidence and get to meet like-minded people at the same time. 

{#blank#}4{#/blank#}

 Research has shown that getting out into a green space can increase self-confidence. Meanwhile, Canadian research found that joining some groups benefited self-confidence more than having lots of friends. So why not kill two birds with one stone and sign up for a walking group, a local conservation group or a gardening club?

A. Try something new

B. Give yourself a new look

C. Make plans with positive people

D. Join lots of outdoor groups

E. Cheer yourself up

Please give one more way of increasing confidence and list at least two reasons. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选择最佳选项。

We all enjoy the colors of autumn leaves. Did you ever wonder how and why a leaf changes color?Where do the yellows and oranges come from?To answer those questions,we first have to understand what leaves are and what they do. 

Leaves are the world's food factories. Plants take water from the ground through their roots and take CO2 from the air. Plants use sunlight to turn water and CO2 into glucose(葡萄糖),a kind of sugar. Plants use it as food for energy and growing. 

A chemical called "chlorophyll(叶绿素)" in the leaves gives plants their green color. As summer ends and autumn comes,the days get shorter and shorter,and trees "know" it's time to begin getting ready for winter. 

During winter,there is not enough sunlight or water. Trees rest during this time and live on the food they store during the summer. They begin to shut down their foodmaking factories. As the green chlorophyll disappears from the leaves,we begin to see yellow and orange leaves. 

The bright reds and purples we see in leaves are made mostly in autumn. In some trees,like maples(枫树),sunlight and the cool nights of autumn turn the glucose in the leaves into a red color. And we can enjoy the beautiful red leaves during autumn. 

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