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题型:阅读选择 题类:模拟题 难易度:普通

江苏省苏州市平江中学(市区联考)2019届中考英语一模试卷

阅读理解

    Most of us spend a third of our lives sleeping. Scientists have been studying the brain to learn what happens while we sleep. Scientists tell us that there are four stages(阶段)of sleep. During each stage our brain behaves differently, and so does our body. Each stage is marked by changes in the pattern of brain waves, which can be recorded by machines.

    In the first stage, we drift off to sleep. Our muscles(肌肉)begin to relax. Our heartbeat and breathing slow down. Body temperature and blood pressure(压力)begin to drop. Stage-two sleep is a time of small, fast brain waves. Our eyes move quickly from side to side as if watching a movie. This is known as rapid eye movement, or REM sleep. During REM sleep, dreaming takes place. In stage three the brain wave becomes slower again.

    Within about 45 minutes after falling sleep, we progress into the fourth stage – deep sleep. As this happens, our brain sends out slower but larger brain waves. This is the most restful kind of sleep, but it is also the time when sleepers are most likely to change positions or sleepwalk. After deep sleep we return to stage two. As the hours pass, we repeat the sleep cycle four or five times. Then we wake up.

(1)、How many stages of sleep do we repeat several times during a night?
A、Two. B、Three. C、Four. D、Five.
(2)、When does a person most likely change his positions?
A、When first falling asleep. B、During stage three. C、During REM sleep. D、During deep sleep.
(3)、Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A、We can dream in all the stages of sleep, especially during REM sleep. B、It is impossible to record the pattern of our brain waves with machines. C、Our body, like our brain, behaves differently during each stage of sleep. D、It takes about 45 minutes to complete the sleep cycle after we fall asleep.
举一反三
阅读下列短文,从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

B

    According to the World Health Organization (WHO), environmental pollution kills 1.7 million children under the age of five every year worldwide. The WHO warns that child deaths will increase greatly if pollution continues to worsen. Of all the environmental problems, air pollution is being called the most dangerous.

    Most of these deaths take place in developing countries. However, WHO environment and health chief Maria Neira tells that air pollution is a leveler between rich and poor. Everybody, she says, needs to breathe.

    “You can be a very rich child, your parents very rich, but living in a place, in a city, which is very polluted. Then there is very little you can do because we all need to breathe. Air pollution is everywhere.”

    Maria Neira says one of the most important ways to reduce air pollution is to produce cleaner fuels for cooking and heating.

    “Almost half of the world population is using dirty fuels for cooking, heating, and lighting at home. And, this is affecting very much mothers who are staying and cooking at home, but the children who are around mothers—they are exposed as well.”

    Cleaning up how the world cooks, heats and lights homes and other buildings is a big-picture goal.

    But what can every one of us do to limit our family to air pollution?

    The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has the following suggestions:

    ● Avoid walking where there is a high volume of vehicle traffic.

    ● Equip homes with air filters and air conditioning units.

    ● Limit your time outside if you live in an area that issues warnings about air quality.

    ● Wear high-grade, rated face masks tightly to the face when air quality is poor.

    ● If you live or commute in a very polluted area, remove your clothes and wash immediately after entering your house.

    However, the WHO stresses that governments around the world need to take the lead on ensuring that children grow up in a clean environment.

 阅读短文,回答问题

 Before the 1930s, shopping carts(购物车) were not needed by people. Almost every family didn't have fridges, so people bought a day's food at a time. They had to do shopping at different stores, such as fish shops, vegetable shops and meat shops. The rise of supermarkets changed that.

Sylcan Goldman, who owned many supermarkets in Oklahoma City, noticed that when customers in his stores used handheld baskets, they often stopped shopping when the baskets became too full or too heavy. He told his staff to walk up to people whose baskets were full and offer them another basket. It didn't work, so Goldman searched for something better.

One evening in 1936,a good idea came as Goldman worked late in his office. He looked at a folding chair and had the idea of replacing the seat with two shelves(掷架)—— one higher and one lower than the seat's usual position— and adding wheels to the legs. The shelves would hold shopping baskets, which could be taken off when not in use.

After several tries, Goldman built some carts and introduced them in his stores in the following summer. However, they were not popular with customers. Most housewives said they didn't need a cart because they already had a baby carriage (婴儿推车).

 Goldman didn't give up. He made people of all ages act as customers and use the carts. This way worked, and customers began to give them a try. Within a few years, shopping carts were everywhere. They were quite similar to the shopping carts used in the supermarkets nowadays.

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