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题型:概要写作 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

浙江省浙南名校联盟2018-2019学年高二下学期英语期中联考试卷(音频暂未更新)

概要写作

阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

    Happy, angry, amazed – these are some of the emotions we like to express these days when we're sending a message on our smartphones! That's why many of us now add little pictures to our texts to brighten up someone's mobile screen but we're also using them as a quick way of telling someone how we're feeling. Yes, emojis have become a vital tool for communication.

    The emoji was first invented in Japan in the late 1990s and the word "emoji" comes from the Japanese words for "picture" and "character". The number of different images has dramatically increased since then and now we have a picture for every mood or situation.

    So now we have the option to give this new creation the visual "thumbs-up" but have you thought why we've become so addicted to using emojis? Professor Vyv Evans has written a book called The Emoji Code. He says, "Increasingly, what we're finding is that digital communication is taking over from certain aspects of face-to-face interaction. One of the reasons emojis are so interesting is that they really do enable us to express our emotional selves much more effectively." So emojis are a sort of replacement for the visual signals or non-verbal clues we normally give when we speak to someone face-to-face.

    Another advantage of emojis is that they are an international language – they don't use words but tell a message in the form of pictures so they can be easily understood whatever your native language is. However, the emojis you send need some thought as they can sometimes be misunderstood – if a friend sends you an emoji of a hammer, you may think he is angry when really he is saying he has hurt himself or he is clumsy!

    Emojis are a good way for showing common emotions. But as linguist Neil Cohn says, "To many, emojis are an exciting development of the way we communicate; To others, they are extinction of language." It does show there is a lot more to our communication than words alone but does this mean the decline in traditional writing?

举一反三
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

What Is a Superiority Complex?

A superiority complex is a behavior that suggests a person believes they are somehow superior to others. People with this complex often have overstated opinions of themselves. They may believe their abilities and achievements are better than those of others. However, the complex is believed to be a defense system for feelings of inadequacy that we all struggle with.

It is unclear why a person develops a superiority complex. Multiple incidents may be the root cause. For example, it may be the result of many failures. A person tries to complete a specific goal or achieve a desired outcome, but they don't succeed. They learn to handle the anxiety and stress of the failure by pretending to be above it. If they feel protected from their failures in this way, they may repeat this behavior in the future.

These behaviors can begin at an early age. When a child is learning to cope with challenges, they may learn to control feelings of inadequacy or fear. A superiority complex may develop. Likewise, it may also happen later in life. As teens and adults, a person has many opportunities to try new things among new people. If these situations are not successfully coped with, a person may develop a superiority complex to overcome feeling isolated.

People with a superiority complex are unlikely to be a threat to anyone's physical health. However, the continuous lies and overstatements can become annoying to others and may negatively affect relationships. It can push away other people in your life and shrink your social circle. If you are in a relationship with a person who you think has the issue, encourage the person to seek help. For example, never hesitate to reach out to mental health professionals. They can find healthier ways to deal with hidden feelings.

 Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

For thousands of years, Chinese people have valued the large family with three, four, or even five generations living under the same roof. That's what we call an extended family. Now it is changing. Compared to extended families. nuclear families which involve only two generations living together are becoming the trend. Apart from family size, these families are also featured by reduced dependence on the last generation. Young people are able to make decisions on their own and children are less likely to be brought up by their grandparents.

The reason for the tendency of nuclear families can be reflected as follows. It's a time when young people think highly of individual freedom. Young people like to have personal space that won't be disturbed by the old generations. In this way, they are more likely to avoid conflicts caused by different living habits from their parents.

It's also a time when social welfare institutions are highly advanced for old people to lead a comfortable life . Senior citizens can live together in some nursing homes and be taken good care of by specialized nursing workers, which may base young people's heavy burden of attending their aging parents.

However, the problem concerning attending to children turns up as the number of nuclear families increases. Young people are busy with their work and spend less time with their children. As a result, lacking enough care both from their parents and grandparents during their growth, children may develop mental illnesses like loneliness and depression. Many young people, therefore, hire babysitters to look after and keep company with their children, which adds a financial burden to them.

Facing the problem above, young people can seek help from old generations, communities and government. Old generations are welcomed to take care of their grandchildren, especially when young people are asked to work overtime. Communities ought to organize some volunteers to look after unattended kids. And government can set up special loads for young people to relieve their financial problem. With the joint efforts, nuclear families are expected to fit in well with the development of the society.

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