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题型:阅读理解 题类:模拟题 难易度:普通

北京市门头沟2019届高三英语一模试卷

阅读理解

The Secret to Happiness

    A new report makes it clear that when it comes to the life satisfaction of UK citizens, the ball is in the government's court. For some time, sensible people have been arguing that governments need to focus less on economic growth and more on the wellbeing(幸福)of citizens. Be careful what you wish for.

    In response to this demand, from 2011 David Cameron instructed the Office for National Statistics to gather data on people's self-reported happiness and life satisfaction. Little practical good has come from this so far, but a new report by George Bangham for the Resolution Foundation is one of the best attempts to make useful sense of the data. He concludes: "The best prospects for policymakers targeting future increases in national wellbeing lie in raising job quality, raising incomes, particularly at the lower end, and policies to improve security in the housing market."

    The age correlation(相关)turns out to be certainly linked to politics, despite the fact that no political party can make a difference to your date of birth. The happiness of pensioners is not just a function of their age, but of policy. On average, 70-year-old boomers today are the most affluent retirees in history, often owning their own homes and in receipt of generous pensions. People of 70 are not going to be as content in 30 or 40 years' time if they are unable to retire, don't own their homes and have small incomes.

    However, there is one respect in which teens and recent retirees are remarkably similar. Compared to other age groups, they tend to inhabit a sweet spot of having high degrees of freedom. The typical 16-year-old has new freedoms without ever having had any serious responsibilities. The typical 70-year-old, having experienced a lifetime of work and family duties, has a very different kind of freedom, one born from relief.

    Besides, it should not surprise us to find that people tend to be happier when they have fewer worries. But this, too, has important political implications. If the government is really interested in raising overall national happiness, it has to make sure as many citizens as possible feel secure in their health, their housing and their incomes. Different states' records in achieving this is one important reason why Nordic countries repeatedly score highly in international life satisfaction surveys and North America underperforms relative to its GDP.

    Whichever way you look at it, there is no escaping the conclusion that increasing wellbeing across society requires joined-up, long-term policy efforts. This is exactly what the Resolution Foundation recommends.

(1)、What can be conveyed from the sentence "the ball is in the government's court" in Paragraph 1?
A、The government officials are fond of playing ball games. B、The government determines national happiness. C、The government makes citizens feel happy. D、The government is in a ball game.
(2)、What does the underlined word "affluent" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A、Responsible. B、Careful. C、Honest. D、Rich.
(3)、According to the author, the secret to happiness is freedom and _________.
A、income B、health C、security D、destiny
(4)、What is the author's attitude to the function of government on national happiness?
A、Negative. B、Positive. C、Doubtful. D、Unsatisfactory.
举一反三
阅读理解
HomeSchedulesFares & TollsMapsPlanned Service ChangesMTA Info
Which Ticket Should I Buy? —Ways To Save
Long Island Rail Road offers you several ways to save on your commute, with a choice of ticket types and purchase options. How much you save depends on how often you take the train.
One-Way Tickets
Best for occasional riders.
    One-Way PeakPeak travel applies to all westbound weekday morning trains scheduled to arrive at western terminals between 6 AM and 10 AM.
    One-Way Off-Peak27% savings; not valid during Peak periods.
Monthly Tickets
Valid for unlimited rides in calendar month. Best for daily commuters.
    SavingsSave approximately 50%
(based on 42 one-way rides per month)
Weekly Tickets
Valid for unlimited rides for 7days. Best for commuters who do not work a full calendar month due to vacations or business trips.
    SavingsSave approximately 30%
(based on 10 one-way rides per week)
Other Ticket Options: Include Family Fare of $1 each (on Off-Peak and PM Peak trains) for up to four children (age 5-11) per traveling adult (18 and over); and City Ticket, which allows for weekend travel within New York City for $4.25.
Purchase Options: Monthly tickets can be purchased with Pay-Per-Ride and can be purchased through Mail & Ride, which provides an additional 2% savings on rail fare.
Buy Before Boarding: Buying onboard is a cash-only transaction incurs an additional charge of $5.75 to $6.50. Save money by purchasing tickets at Ticket Offices, Ticket Machines or via MTA eTix®.
阅读理解

    People say money doesn't buy happiness, but how much money you make can affect the way you experience it?

    While it's true that money can't buy happiness, having money has certain benefits. For example, money can buy you time to do things that make you happier, and giving away some of your money can make you happier as well. Now scientists from the University of California at Irvine have found that how much money you make may impact (影响) how you experience happiness; higher earners are more likely to experience positive emotions focused on themselves, while lower earners are more likely to experience positive emotions focused on connecting with other people.

    Scientists used data from an existing survey of 1,519 U.S. adults between the ages of 24 to 93, to be representative of the entire U.S. population. From the survey, scientist collected the household income of each person and analyzed how each person experienced the seven emotions that are believed to cause happiness: amusement, admiration, compassion, satisfaction, enthusiasm, love, and pride.

    What they found was that higher earners were associated with the happiness-related emotions of satisfaction, pride, and amusement, all of which are self-focused in nature. Lower earners were associated with more other-oriented (他人指向) happiness-related emotions: compassion, love, and admiration. There were no differences observed with enthusiasm.

    As to reasons for the difference, the researchers suppose that while pride and satisfaction may reflect upper class individuals' (个人) desire for independence, increased love and compassion may help lower class individuals form more harmonious (和谐的), interdependent bonds to help deal with their more threatening environments. In other words, the researchers are not saying that one way of getting happiness is better than another, but rather that the way one obtains happiness may be a product of existing and coping within one's particular circumstances.

阅读理解

    Last week, Vodafone started a test of the UK's first full 5G service, available for use by businesses in Salford. It is part of its plan to trial the technology in seven UK cities. But what can we expect from the next generation of mobile technology?

    One thing we will see in the preparation for the test is lots of tricks with the new tech. Earlier this year, operators paid almost £ 1.4 billion for the 5G wavelengths, and to compensate for that cash, they will need to catch the eye of consumers. In September, Vodafone used its bit of the range to display the UK's first hologram (全息) call. The Manchester City captain Steph Houghton appeared as a hologram in Newbury. It isn't all holograms, however: 5G will offer faster internet access, with Ofcom (英国通讯管理局) suggesting that video that takes a minute to download on 4G will be available in just a second.

    The wider application is to support connected equipment on the "internet of things" -not just the internet-enabled fridge that can reorder your milk for you, but the network that will enable driverless cars and delivery drones (无人机) to communicate with each other.

    Prof William Webb has warned that the technology could be a case of the emperor's new clothes. Much of the speed increase, he claims, could have been achieved by putting more money in the 4G network, rather than a new technology. Other different voices have suggested that a focus on rolling out wider rural broadband access and addressing current network coverage would be more beneficial to the UK as a whole.

    Obviously, 5G will also bring a cost to consumers. It requires a handset for both 5G and 4G, and the first 5G-enabled smart phones are expected in the coming year. With the slow pace of network rollout so far, it is likely that consumers will end up upgrading to a new 5 G phone well before 5 G becomes widely available in the next couple of years.

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案。

    It was a quiet village in which there was a military camp(军营). It was far from the towns and cities and there were some high mountains around. Of course it was a good place for training the new soldiers. But it was difficult for the young men to go outside. Mr White, an officer of forty, was strict with them and he hardly let them leave the camp.

    Once Mr White was ill in bed. He couldn't work and a young officer, Mr Hunt, began to train the new soldiers instead of him. He knew the young men well and let nine soldiers go to the nearest town to have a holiday. But night fell and none came back to the camp. He was worried about it and stood at the gate. It was five to twelve when Mr Hunt decided to go to the town and see what was happening to the young men. He started the car quickly and set off. At that moment the nine soldiers came back. It seemed they drank wine. Of course they found the officer was angry.

    "I'm sorry, sir," said the first soldier. "I left the town on time. But something was wrong with my bus on my way here. I had to buy a horse and made it run fast. Bad luck! It died and I had to run back."

    And the other seven soldiers said they were late for the same reasons. It was the last soldier's turn. He said, "I'm sorry, sir. I got on a bus on time, but……"

    Having heard this, the officer became even angrier and stopped him at once. He called out, "If you say something was wrong with your bus, I'll punish you at once!"

    "No, no, sir," said the young man. "My bus was all right, but the dead horses were in its way!"

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