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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

安徽省宿州市十三所重点中学2018-2019学年高二下学期英语期中考试试卷

阅读理解

    Festivals are a great way to experience a destination in a different way. This article will fuel your wanderlust(漫游癖)and guide you to the best festivals.

    St Patrick's Day

    Where: Dublin, Ireland & New York, USA

    When: 17 March

    St Patrick's Day has taken place in New York city on March 17th since 1762. On this day, the whole city turns green. Many Irish make traditional bread on this day. It is one of the most fun days the of the year in New York City every year, when the whole city turns into a big green party.

    SXSW

    Where: Austin, USA

    When: 10-19 March

    Like free things? Yeah me too! Free food, drink and music sound good? Welcome to Austin, Texas. SXSW is a festival for those who work in the music and film industries. There are "free" shows. You di have to pay but not by handing over cash; you have to give some time to queue but it is worth it to see some popular stars.

    King's Day

    Where: Amsterdam, Netherlands

    When: 27 April

    Every year on April 27 Amsterdam turns a very bright color of orange for King's Day, which is the birthday of King Willem-Alexander. It is a crazy fun celebration when the center of the city is car, bus, and bike-free. It is a market day, when anyone can sell pretty much anything. Tips: Take a jacket with you, wear orange, and bring cash.

    Just for Laughs

    Where: Montreal, Canada

    When: 14-30 July

    For comedy lovers there is no other festival in the world better than Montreal's Just for Laughs. The festival concentrates most of its shows in the Latin Quarter. During the day street performers delight the crowds and at night the city comes alive with comedy all over the city.

(1)、What do St Patrick's Day and King's Day have in common?
A、They are market days. B、They feature a specific color. C、They begin in the same month. D、They are in honor of a King's birthday.
(2)、Which festival is about music and film?
A、St Patrick's Day. B、SXSW. C、King's Day. D、Just for Laughs.
(3)、What do we know about Just for Laughs?
A、It offers free food. B、It lasts for one week. C、It is the best comedy festival in the world. D、It is celebrated in many places worldwide.
举一反三
根据短文理解,选择正确答案。

    Computer technology is still developing rapidly. The computer of the future will continue to increase in value and performance while decreasing in cost. It will become smaller, but faster and more powerful.

    It is possible to make some guesses about what the future of the computer will look like, based upon the types of technologies that are being developed now. A lot of progress has already been made in some of these new technologies, but some are still in their earliest stages and may not be ready for use for years. Two of the most interesting areas of computing that are currently being developed are quantum computing (量子计算) and nanotechnology (纳米技术).

    Quantum computing is one possibility for the future of the computer that could make computers run far faster than even the quickest computers do today. Quantum computers could be able to do what modern supercomputers are unable to do by using transistors that are able to take on many states at the same time.

    Nanotechnology could also change the face of computing, by creating computers that could be very powerful, though they are tiny in size. These computers could be incorporated (并入) into everyday objects, including electrical appliances (电器), clothes and even the human body. We will be able to use computers in new and unimaginable ways. They will become a part of our lives rather than simply being a box that is used only for specific purposes, such as work.

    Quantum computing and nanotechnology will be able to play new roles, which will make us live greener lives, as well as enjoy better health and happier lives.

阅读理解

    Science has a lot of uses. It can uncover laws of nature, cure diseases, make bombs, and help bridges to stand up. Indeed science is so good at what it does that there's always a temptation(诱惑) to drag it into problems where it may not be helpful. David Brooks, author of The Social Animal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character, and Achievement, appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation.

    Brooks gained fame for several books. His latest book The Social Animal, however, is more ambitious and serious than his earlier books. It is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topics. The book focuses on big questions: What has science revealed about human nature? What are the sources of character? And why are some people happy and successful while others aren't?

    To answer these questions, Brooks surveys a wide range of disciplines(学科).Considering this, you might expect the book to be a dry recitation of facts. But Brooks has structured his book in an unorthodox(非常规的), and perhaps unfortunate, way. Instead of introducing scientific theories, he tells a story, within which he tries to make his points, perhaps in order to keep the reader's attention. So as Harold and Erica, the hero and heroine in his story, live through childhood, we hear about the science of child development and as they begin to date we hear about the theory of sexual attraction. Brooks carries this through to the death of one of his characters.

    On the whole, Brooks's story is acceptable if uninspired. As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed, for instance, the chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own. While Harold and Erica are certainly not strong or memorable characters, the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie elsewhere. These problems partly involve Brooks's attempt to translate his tale into science.

阅读理解

    Differences are important and they should be respected. For example, many important people throughout history were considered different, such as Thomas Edison, Albert Einstein and Abraham Lincoln. They did great things, but some people thought they were strange because they had strong feelings about something. I can understand these people because I've been in that situation before many times.

    It all started in elementary school when I realized that I wasn't like everyone else. My mom says that I have a tendency to be obsessed(着迷)with certain subjects. Unfortunately, these subjects don't interest other kids of my age and they really don't interest my teachers. In fact, my kindergarten teacher said she would scream if I mentioned snakes or lizards one more time while she was teaching the days of the week. I would get into trouble for not paying attention and the teasing began.

    In the third grade, my teacher informed me that I have Asperger's Syndrome(症状). I said, “So what? Do you know that Godzilla's suit weighs 188 pounds?”

    Later, I asked my mom, “What's Asperger's Syndrome? Am I gonna die?” She said that it's like having blinders on, and that I can only see one thing at a time, and that it's hard to focus on other things.

    People also make fun of me for knowing facts about volcanoes, whales, tornadoes and many other scientific things. My mom says that she has been able to answer many questions on Jeopardy! just by listening to what I have to say, but I've even been laughed at for being smart.

    Maybe someday I'll become a gene engineer and create the real Godzilla. I can dream, Can't I?

阅读理解

    You're rushing to work and a man ahead of you collapses on the sidewalk. Do you stop to help? In a study of by-standers, it was found that some people avert their gaze and keep on walking rather than stop and get involved.

    "There is a tendency to decide that no action is needed." says a psychologist. "The first thoughts that pop into your mind often keep you from offering help. In order to take action, you have to work against them. " Here are some common thoughts that might prevent you from helping.

    Why should I be the one? I'm probably not the most competent (有能力的) person in this crowd. You might think someone older or with more medical knowledge should offer assistance.

    What if he doesn't really need my help? The fear of embarrassment is powerful; no one wants to risk looking foolish in front of others.

    No one else looks concerned—this must not be a problem. We can follow the people around us, but most people tend to hold back their emotions in public.

    "If you spot trouble and find yourself explaining inaction, force yourself to stop and assess the situation instead of walking on," says the psychologist. "Then retry to involve other people; you don't have to take on the entire responsibility of being helpful. Sometimes it's just a matter of turning to the person next to you and saying, 'It looks like we should do something.' Or asking someone if an ambulance has been called and, if not, to call for one. Once you take action, most people will follow you."

阅读理解

    Many non-edible (不能吃的), poisonous or otherwise not pleasant-tasting butterflies have distinct colors and pat terns. As a result, other more palatable (可口的)butterflies have evolved to mimic (模仿)those patterns to avoid being consumed by predators. There are several types of mimicry in butterflies: Bayesian mimicry, Müllerian mimicry, wasp (黄蜂)mimicry and tiger complex mimicry. Birds will con­sume unpalatable butterflies and associate their colors and patterns with the negative experience, thus avoiding the but­terflies performing mimicry. It is possible that birds even communicate their experience with other birds.

    Bayesian mimicry was established by the naturalist Hen­ry Walter Bates in 1862. He first observed that mimicry involved a palatable butterfly resembling an unpalatable, often toxic (有毒的),butterfly. This mimicry will only work when the toxic model species outnumbers the non-toxic spe­cies. He believed that mimicry was the result of edible but­terflies producing mutations (突变)making them resemble their inedible cousins. This in turn resulted in the increased survival of the butterflies containing the mutation and resul­ted in the similarities between species. In 1879 another naturalist, Johann Friedrich Theodor Müller, observed that in some cases of mimicry both the mimic and the model are un­palatable. He considered this to be a cooperative mimicry and believed the species evolved side by side in a mutually benefi­cial relationship. If a bird tried to eat a member of either spe­cies, it would then avoid both. Wasp mimicry is similar to Bayesian mimicry, but instead of mimicking another unpalata­ble butterfly species, the mimic resembles a wasp to avoid predators.

    The tiger complex is a group of around 200 species of Neotropical butterflies that are involved in the most well-known form of mimicry. It is named such because the patterns of all of the included species are black on a background of either orange or yellow, resembling a tiger. In the com­plex are many unpalatable species, a few toxic species and a large number of completely edible species. Members of the tiger complex are all known for congregating (集合)in large groups that would normally be easy food for birds. Fortunately, birds have no interest in them due to their mimicry.

阅读短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

    Throughout history, music spread among people of different cultures. In today's technological advanced society, however, people spread music online, sometimes without an artist's permission. This can lead to many problems, and music companies are now cracking down on this practice. Sharing music online without permission is theft (盗窃).

    Sharing music online prevents recording companies from making money from their efforts. They say that sharing music online has resulted in a huge drop in profits and sales over the past 10 years. People who find music for free online are not paying for CDs or every MP3 downloaded. To truly understand the influence of music piracy (盗版) on creators, one must understand how many people are involved in the recording process. For the sale of each album, profits must be shared between musicians, sound engineers, music producers, managers, advertisers, and the company selling the product. Many people believe sharing music only affects the recording artist, but the reality is that sharing hurts business for all companies involved.

    There are many people who don't see the harm in sharing music online and even think they have the right to do it. One online blogger states that he originally paid for an entire CD and that he should be able to do with the material whatever he wants. While he may have legally paid for the music, he does not have the right to provide permission, which means people like the blogger are thieves.

    Although we don't spread today's music the same way we did before, there's no doubt that people around the world love to share music. However, internet piracy would prevent musicians from continuing producing albums for fear of theft. Therefore, if people want to continue listening to their favorite artists, they need to buy their music so that artists will make enough profit to continue their music careers.

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