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    Injuries and deaths caused by driving after drinking are preventable. Sadly, actions by the police can only catch a small number of drunk drivers on the roads. It is up to each person to make the decisions. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} So we should help guide our friends and persuade them to avoid driving after drinking. Here are some tips.

    Start talking to the person early. With every drink, judgment becomes increasingly uncontrolled. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} So as soon as your friend starts drinking, you should try to persuade him to make a plan to get home safely. Remember, after he gets drunk, he may not listen to you.

    Help the person realize he is drunk. Talk to him and show him that he is increasingly clumsy. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} For example, ask who you can call to pick him up, or what public transport he would like to use. If he knows he is drunk, he may follow your advice.

    Make last efforts. If all else fails and a drunk person wants to drive home, threaten to call the police or take his keys. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} When he is not concentrated, take his keys. This may make it easier to convince him to take a cab home. Remember, don't give him the keys even if he's angry.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#} If you once drove home after you got drunk, your friend may not listen to you. So in order to succeed in persuading your friend to avoid driving after drinking, you should behave yourself first.

A. Ask him where his keys are.

B. Set a good role model.

C. Give him an alternative way to get home.

D. But it isn't easy to make the right decisions.

E. Make him realize drinking makes him look like a fool.

F. The police will come to help you out once you call them.

G. It means the more one drinks, the less likely that he will listen to you.

    A peer is a person who is about the same age as you. Peers affect your life, whether you know it or not, just by spending time with you.

    {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Maybe another student in your science class taught you an easy way to remember the planets in solar system. Maybe you got others excited about your new favorite book and now everyone's reading it. However, sometimes peers affect one another in another way{#blank#}2{#/blank#} Maybe a kid in the neighborhood wanted you to steal with him.

    Some kids give in to peer pressure because they want to be liked, to fit in, or because they worry that other kids may make fun of them if they don't go along with the group.{#blank#}3{#/blank#} The idea that “everyone's doing it” may influence some kids to leave their better judgments or their common senses behind.

    Peer pressure can be extremely strong and hard to get rid of. Experiments have shown how peer pressure can influence someone to change her/his mind from what she/he knows for sure is a correct answer to the incorrect answer-just because everyone else gives the incorrect answer!{#blank#}4{#/blank#}

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Paying attention to your own feelings and beliefs about what is right and wrong can help you know the right thing to do. Inner strength and self-confidence can help you stand firm, walk away and resist doing something when you know better.

A. Peers can have a good effect on one another.

B. Peer pressure is the direct influence on people by peers.

C. Good peers may give you a hand when you are in trouble.

D. That holds true for people of any age in peer pressure situations.

E. Maybe one kid in school tried to get another to cut class with him.

F. It can be hard to walk away from peer pressure, but it can be done.

G. Others may go along because they are curious to try something new that others are doing.

The cane toad (海蟾蜍) was imported to Australia in 1935 to protect sugarcane crops. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Experts estimate that there are currently over 200 million samples spread across Northern Australia, and the numbers are only growing. The increasing population is proving to be deadly for many native Australian animal species that hunt the toads as food. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    While some animals have learned to completely avoid the frogs, the Australian monitor lizards continue to be killed by them. The lizards that catch small animals love eating cane toads. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} It takes the cane toad less than 30 seconds to release enough poison to kill a lizard.

{#blank#}4{#/blank#} They decided to train the lizards to avoid the cane toads. To carry out the idea they went to a region of northwestern Australia that had not yet been invaded by cane toads and fed the wild lizards with young cane toads. Though the smaller animals release the same poison as the adults, they do so in smaller amounts. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} The researchers say it took just one or two tests to teach the lizards to stay away from cane toads. They continued to avoid the animals even when the larger cane toads arrived.

A. Not surprisingly, their population has dropped sharply.

B. Unfortunately, in most cases, it turns out to be their last meal.

C. With very few natural enemies, their population began to grow rapidly.

D. Now a team of researchers came up with a good plan to save the lizards.

E. Gradually, the lizards learned to eat only the mildly poisonous cane toads.

F. Therefore, while the poison does make the lizards sick, it does not kill them.

G. That's because cane toads release some deadly poison when they sense danger.

How to Plan a Holiday Trip

    {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Whether it's to grandma's house, a family reunion or simply a holiday getaway, these yearly road trips can often be the source of dread and stress. The thought of being trapped in the car with restless children or the possibility of car trouble along the way is enough to make anyone consider staying home. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Plan out the route for your car trip. If you're planning on driving to your holiday destination, a little planning can help make your trip easy and uneventful. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} Remember, it's likely that you won't be the only person on the road during the holidays, and traffic is always a factor. Alternate routes or shortcuts can help reduce time spent in traffic jams and get you to your destination sooner. This information can also come in handy in case of road construction or other situations that might block your primary route.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#} Although traveling by air can be quick and convenient, it can also be much more expensive. Start planning your trip early to take advantage of advance purchase discounts and avoid sold out flights. Many airlines become extremely busy during the holidays so booking in advance can also help ensure that you get the flights that you want. High traffic destinations such as New York, Los Angeles or Atlanta can be extremely crowded during the holidays. If you have the option, consider booking your flight to a nearby airport and renting a car for the short drive to your destination.

    Consider your luggage needs. If you're traveling by car, the issue of luggage is only important with regards to the amount of room needed. Before you begin packing, think about how many people will be in your vehicle and how much room they will need to travel comfortably. This could affect the number of bags that you can take along. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Not only is the possibility of lost luggage an issue, but most airlines now charge extra for checked baggage.

    For a family of four, carrying a few bags each could result in several hundred dollars worth of baggage fees during your trip. Try to pack as lightly as possible.

A. As an alternative to driving or flying, check into the possibility of traveling by train.

B. Plan your trip to avoid peak travel times.

C. Luckily, with a little planning, these situations can be avoided.

D. Book airline tickets.

E. Each year, millions of people load up the family car and set out on a holiday trip,

F. For traveling by air, the number of bags that you take is a much bigger concern.

G. Consider your starting point and desired destination, and investigate several possible routes.

    If you stayed up or had a bad night of sleep last night, you know it's difficult to stay awake in class today. Your teacher's voice might begin to sound like a lullaby（催眠曲）.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}To keep yourself awake, some tips are worth trying in class.

    Sit in the front of the room. Why?{#blank#}2{#/blank#}Besides, it'll be easier to pay attention and participate when you're in the front. You'll also be near the people who are more likely to participate, and the sound of their voices might keep you awake.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#}Ask and answer questions and pay attention to the lecture. This will help if you're tired or discouraged by the content of the lecture, because you can ask your teacher questions to get to the bottom of the problems. Talking will also keep you engaged and alert. It might be helpful to make a goal for yourself to answer or ask at least 3questions per class.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}For example, you might say "I didn't understand the last part of the proof. Could you explain it again in more detail?"

    Listen actively to the lesson. Active listening is a great way to force yourself to stay awake because it requires engagement of your mind as well as your body.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}To effectively listen to your teacher, you should try to maintain eye contact, face the speaker, pay close attention to what the speaker is saying and ask questions during a pause in the lecture.

A. Participate in class activities.

B. Develop interest in the subject.

C. If so, classrooms can be boring because you're tired.

D. Keep silent all the time and try to catch as much information as possible.

E. To avoid annoying your teacher you should try to keep your questions on topic.

F. You'll be more motivated to stay awake if you know that the teacher can see you easily.

G. Practicing active listening can help you keep your eyes open for the length of the lesson.

    Parents of children and teens who play football may worry about their bodies getting injury. Younger football players have the lowest chance of injury. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Therefore, it's necessary for players to know the rules of playing football whether they are young or old. The following can be used to reduce the chance of injuries while players are still enjoying the game.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#} The American Academy of Pediatrics advises players and their families talk about whether the risks of injury outweighs the benefits of playing football. Football has many benefits, including regular exercise, learning to be part of a team, and social growth and development. Families who decide to play can take steps to reduce the chances of serious injury.

    Play by the rules. When players know the rules of the game—what's legal and what's not—fewer injuries happen. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} For example, players should know that in football they can't come from behind, crash into a player's legs, and steal the ball. It's legal and safer to go after the ball rather than the player.

    Wear legal equipment. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} Because illegal equipment leads to serious injuries of the head and neck. It's also the leading cause of severe injuries in football, but remember the protection of legal equipment doesn't depend on its quantity.

    Get good training. Players should learn the right way to use a tackle (装备). {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Correct training could lower injury for younger players. Older players could be at a greater risk of injury if they first learn to use tackle and never learn the correct skill.

A. Take steps to lower football injury.

B. Weigh the risks and benefits.

C. The more legal equipment players wear, the less injury they will get.

D. Legal equipment can give football players important protection.

E. Players should know what to expect from each other.

F. Doing this and practicing the skills often make sure players are correctly trained.

G. As players get older, stronger and faster, the chance of injury goes up.