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题型:任务型阅读 题类:模拟题 难易度:普通

北京市丰台区2019届高三英语一模试卷

根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Empathy is the ability to imagine what it must be like in someone else's situation. It is an essential part of what it means to be human, to the extent that we are suspicious of anyone who does not show empathy in their behavior.

    We read novels, watch television and go to the theatre, and part of our enjoyment comes from understanding the dilemma faced by the characters because we know how we would feel if we were in the same situation.

    One study has shown animals displaying empathy towards other animals and towards humans. Creatures from across the animal kingdom such as bees and whales, as well as domestic pets, display behavior that suggests they cooperate with and protect each other.

    In another study, psychiatrist Jules Masserman and his team conducted an experiment with monkeys in which the monkeys pulled one of two chains that released food. One chain simply released the food, while another gave an electric shock to a second monkey. The first monkey stopped pulling the chain that delivered the shock.This empathetic behavior was observed in a number of monkeys.

    The origin of empathy is probably the need for the young of all animal species to be cared for. They communicate this requirement by crying for attention and to show pain. Both human and non-human young were more likely to survive if their parents reacted positively to their needs. People and animals alike are social beings and are more likely to work together.If we help others, we are also helping ourselves and so empathy is sensible and realistic.

    We don't always display empathy, however. Just as animals react aggressively to unknown creatures from their own or other species, humans tend to regard people they don't know with suspicion.Our unwillingness to trust anyone unfamiliar is as natural to us as our empathy towards those we know and love.

A. To feel empathy is not restricted to real life.

B. You can empathize with someone without feeling sympathy for them.

C. This fear of strangers will, we believe, protect us from personal danger.

D. It seemed to be willing to go hungry rather than see a fellow animal suffer.

E. However, it seems that in fact empathy may not be a quality unique to humans.

F. Empathy plays a role in that as it allows us to understand our fellow humans better.

G. It's certainly difficult to understand an animal's intention behind an emphatic response.

举一反三
任务型阅读

    The key to losing weight is to understand what really motivates you. Have you ever been excited about losing a few pounds?{#blank#}1{#/blank#} And to help you keep your weight under control, you need some coping strategies.

    Ask questions. When you're researching different dieting products and plans or even talking to a doctor about diets, ask as many questions as you can.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}Ask questions like: Do I have to purchase special meals or supplements? Does the program include a part to help me maintain my weight loss?

    Get real.{#blank#}3{#/blank#} Don't burden yourself with unrealistic expectations. Remember, large amounts of weight loss are not realistic and are most likely not safe or healthy. Talk with your health care professional to determine a healthy weight goal.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#}To maintain your weight, you must balance your intake of calories with the energy you burn. Just 30 minutes of fast walking in most days can take about 10 pounds off your weight each year.

    Weigh yourself weekly. It's important to track your weight on any diet or weight loss plan, but don't get on the scale every day. Weighing daily won't show you the big picture.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A. Stay balanced.

B. Once a week is fine.

C. Stick with your healthy eating plan.

D. Losing one to two pounds a week is a realistic goal.

E. Being well informed will help you choose the best diet for you.

F. Regular weight check-ins will show you your progress over time.

G. If so, you must find a way to turn that excitement into determination.

任务型阅读

    The running of the bulls is a nine-day traditional Spanish festival in honor of Saint Fermin in Pamplona. Every year, at midday on July 6th, the Mayor of Pamplona shoots a rocket.{#blank#}1{#/blank#} The participants are usually dressed in white and wear red neckerchiefs and belts. They open champagne(香槟酒) mostly used for sprinkling(撒) other people.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#}It starts every day at eight in the morning and the runners run, sometimes wildly, sometimes less. They shoot the first rocket as a sign that the run has begun. Then they shoot the second one when the bulls are out in the streets. Six bulls which are trying to attack the participants from behind run down the 900-meter-long street with a lot of spectators.{#blank#}3{#/blank#} All of the six bulls are going to be killed at the bullfight in the stadium.

    The bullfight in the stadium begins at half past six in the afternoon. First, there comes the first bull. There is also a person called “picador”{#blank#}4{#/blank#}That makes the bull very wild and it starts to run all over the stadium. Later when the bull is tired, there comes another person—a “matador” who kills it with an arrow{#blank#}5{#/blank#}At the end of the celebration, another rocket is shot as a sign that the bullfight is finished.

A. It makes the bull very nervous.

B. It is one of the greatest events in the city.

C. The main event is the running of the bulls.

D. He waves a red cloth in front of the bull.

E. This is a sign that the celebration has started.

F. The participants can get injured or even killed.

G. The same thing happens with the other five bulls.

任务型阅读

How to Become a Lifelong Learner

    Learning doesn't stop just because school does. Making a commitment to yourself to learn something new every day, you will not only enjoy what you discover, but you will be able to apply your knowledge and become a teacher to future generations. Here are some steps to become a life­long learner. 

    Learn how you learn.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}Note what learning techniques are most efficient for you and use them as much as is practical, such as viewing online tutorials on websites like YouTube if you're more of a visual learner. 

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#}Try many different things so that you don't box yourself into believing you're only good at a few things. It's probable that you're good at many things, but you won't know until you've tried. 

    Look at learning as an exploration and opportunity, not a chore (琐事).Don't just force yourself to learn things because they are important or necessary. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} Follow your heart, as well as your sense of duty. Do you remember the 8th grade history that you hated so much, with all those names and dates that seemed to mean nothing? The point was to bring you to learn details now, which will knit chunks of information together later.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}   

    Read, read, read.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}Reading is a gateway into other worlds and into the minds of your fellow human beings. And reading will help you to learn the discoveries and mistakes of others who have gone before you; reading is, in effect, a shortcut so that you don't have to learn things the hard way. 

A.Learn where your talents and interests lie.

B.It was a chore then, but it makes sense, now.

C.Recognize the educational value in whatever you read.

D.Determine your own preferred learning style or styles.

E.Their ways of learning might help you to improve your own.

F.Make friends with your local library and new and used book sellers.

G.Instead, learn things that you need to learn alongside things you love to learn.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

A. With it come many health problems.

B. When you finally get home you'll be greatly refreshed.

C. I challenge each one of you to do the same.

D. Draw up a detailed plan so you can see more.

E. Life is not all about work, or at least it shouldn't be.

F. And only you know how to vacation your way.

G. For my next holiday, I will do all the things that I love doing.

    Vacations are important. We need to take time out from work to relax, and just be ourselves. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} We should all be allowed to leave our jobs behind us—at least for a few weeks each year—and just have fun. This might be something as simple as reading a good book in front of a warm fireplace and travelling to the most interesting places on our planet. Whatever we fancy doing is worth taking time out for.

    Workplace stress is on the rise. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} These include disease, depression and even death. We all seem to be running from one place to the next, never finding out where we want to go in the first place. I intend to break that trend in the coming days.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#} I will sleep late, write, watch movies, drink the occasional glass of wine, and eat to my heart's content ignoring calorie counting. My plan is to just enjoy the fleeting moments of being alive.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#} Spend your next vacation the way you want. Do what will restore your mental health. You're very valuable to the people who are close to you, and to those who depend on you. Like it or not, we are all interdependent in this great life of ours.

    You are valuable. Just remember that the next time you look at the mirror and take a deep breath. Remind yourself that there will never be anyone like you ever on this earth again.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#} All you have to do is just ask yourself what you want to do.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

    I Curling(冰壶)is a winter sport played on ice. Therefore, it's most popular in northern countries like Canada. Curling is played in the USA by about 15.000 people.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}Scottish winters were long and there were forms of entertainment. So people began making a sport out of sliding heavy stones on the frozen lakes. The game spread, and in the 1700s curling clubs formed Then Scottish soldiers brought it to North America.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#} Men, women, and children often compete on the same team, if they can slide a forty-pound stone down the ice! Both teams slide their stones toward the same goal. After all 16 stones have been cast, the team whose stone has slid closest to the goal gets one point.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#}The ice is so smooth and the stone is so heavy that even the smallest misjudgment in a throw can make the stone slide much too far or stop too suddenly. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} Water helps the stone slide, but it can also change the stone's path.

    In curling, a broom is part of each player's equipment. A good curler must know how much force to use. The player must know the exact conditions of the ice on the court. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}That may explain why the international Olympic Committee decided to make curling an Olympic sport in 1998.

A. Players compete on the court.

B. Then the play begins in the other direction.

C. Curling is played by teams of four people.

D. In other words, a good curler must be a fine athlete.

E. The rules are easy to learn, but playing the game is hard.

F. The melting of die ice makes things tough for the curlers.

G. Curling probably began in Scotland in the 1500s or earlier.

任务型阅读

    I think it is safe to say that happiness is the king of emotions. Everyone wants to talk about how to get it, ways to prolong it and the benefits associated with it. Not surprisingly, negative emotions are considered to be bad. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} But bad feelings can be a valuable way to arouse you to take action. In fact, they can be a surprising source of personal growth by doing the following things.

     Recognize what you are feeling. There are going to be times when the negative emotions are just temporary. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} However, if it happens on a frequent basis, your mind is trying to tell you something and you need to handle it.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#} Once you recognize the negative emotion you are feeling, you need to understand just what is behind it. The trouble is that often the cause of your bad feelings might be hard to see. Is it your home life, work, friends, unrealized dreams or various other frustrations? Take your time figuring it out and get to the root of what is causing the negative emotion.

    Take correct action. In some cases, it might be easy. If someone consistently makes you angry, you can just avoid them. In many other cases, you might need to take even bolder(大胆的) action. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} Hopefully you have a different opinion on negative emotions now. They are not things designed to only make your life miserable. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A. Understand the causes.

B. Action is the real cause of pain.

C. Acknowledge your true feelings.

D. They are to be avoided at all costs.

E. What they really are is a signal for change.

F. Everyone feels a little down every once in a while.

G. An example of that would be ending a failing marriage or quitting your job.

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