题型:任务型阅读 题类:模拟题 难易度:普通
北京市丰台区2019届高三英语一模试卷
Empathy is the ability to imagine what it must be like in someone else's situation. It is an essential part of what it means to be human, to the extent that we are suspicious of anyone who does not show empathy in their behavior.
We read novels, watch television and go to the theatre, and part of our enjoyment comes from understanding the dilemma faced by the characters because we know how we would feel if we were in the same situation.
One study has shown animals displaying empathy towards other animals and towards humans. Creatures from across the animal kingdom such as bees and whales, as well as domestic pets, display behavior that suggests they cooperate with and protect each other.
In another study, psychiatrist Jules Masserman and his team conducted an experiment with monkeys in which the monkeys pulled one of two chains that released food. One chain simply released the food, while another gave an electric shock to a second monkey. The first monkey stopped pulling the chain that delivered the shock.This empathetic behavior was observed in a number of monkeys.
The origin of empathy is probably the need for the young of all animal species to be cared for. They communicate this requirement by crying for attention and to show pain. Both human and non-human young were more likely to survive if their parents reacted positively to their needs. People and animals alike are social beings and are more likely to work together.If we help others, we are also helping ourselves and so empathy is sensible and realistic.
We don't always display empathy, however. Just as animals react aggressively to unknown creatures from their own or other species, humans tend to regard people they don't know with suspicion.Our unwillingness to trust anyone unfamiliar is as natural to us as our empathy towards those we know and love.
A. To feel empathy is not restricted to real life.
B. You can empathize with someone without feeling sympathy for them.
C. This fear of strangers will, we believe, protect us from personal danger.
D. It seemed to be willing to go hungry rather than see a fellow animal suffer.
E. However, it seems that in fact empathy may not be a quality unique to humans.
F. Empathy plays a role in that as it allows us to understand our fellow humans better.
G. It's certainly difficult to understand an animal's intention behind an emphatic response.
A. With it come many health problems. B. When you finally get home you'll be greatly refreshed. C. I challenge each one of you to do the same. D. Draw up a detailed plan so you can see more. E. Life is not all about work, or at least it shouldn't be. F. And only you know how to vacation your way. G. For my next holiday, I will do all the things that I love doing. |
Vacations are important. We need to take time out from work to relax, and just be ourselves. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} We should all be allowed to leave our jobs behind us—at least for a few weeks each year—and just have fun. This might be something as simple as reading a good book in front of a warm fireplace and travelling to the most interesting places on our planet. Whatever we fancy doing is worth taking time out for.
Workplace stress is on the rise. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} These include disease, depression and even death. We all seem to be running from one place to the next, never finding out where we want to go in the first place. I intend to break that trend in the coming days.
{#blank#}3{#/blank#} I will sleep late, write, watch movies, drink the occasional glass of wine, and eat to my heart's content ignoring calorie counting. My plan is to just enjoy the fleeting moments of being alive.
{#blank#}4{#/blank#} Spend your next vacation the way you want. Do what will restore your mental health. You're very valuable to the people who are close to you, and to those who depend on you. Like it or not, we are all interdependent in this great life of ours.
You are valuable. Just remember that the next time you look at the mirror and take a deep breath. Remind yourself that there will never be anyone like you ever on this earth again.
{#blank#}5{#/blank#} All you have to do is just ask yourself what you want to do.
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