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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

陕西省黄陵中学2018-2019学年高二上学期英语重点班期末考试试卷(含小段音频)

阅读理解

    Telling fewer lies benefits people physically and mentally. Anita E. Kelly, study author and professor of psychology at the University of Notre Dame, employed 110 adults for her study. She divided them into two groups and asked one group to stop lying for 10 weeks. Lies included big ones and tiny ones—any false statements—but participants were still allowed to leave out the truth, keep secrets and avoid questions they didn't want to answer, etc. The other group wasn't given any special instructions about lying.

    It turned out that both groups reduced their lying, but those who were specifically told to tell the truth improved their health more. "We found that the participants could purposefully and dramatically reduce their everyday lies. That in turn was associated with significantly improved health," said Kelly.

    When participants in the no-lie group told three fewer white lies than they did in other weeks, they experienced, on average, fewer mental-health complaints and physical complaints. They were less likely to feel tense or sad and also experienced fewer sore throats and headaches. They also reported that personal relationships improved. Additionally, participants found themselves honest about their daily accomplishments, and they stopped making up excuses for being late or failing to complete a task, for example.

    "It's certainly a worthy goal to have people be more honest and interact with others in a more honest way,” says University of Massachusetts psychologist Robert Feldman. “That would be beneficial. I'm a little doubtful whether it makes us all healthier, but it may make us healthier in a psychological way."

(1)、The participants of the two groups                   .
A、told as many lies as before B、were almost equally healthy C、tended to lie less about their activities D、experienced tenser personal relationships
(2)、From Robert Feldman, we can learn that                 .
A、white lies might make people have more complaints B、honesty is likely to help people become mentally healthier C、people should not be honest with others but with themselves D、telling the truth can make people physically and mentally healthy
(3)、The text is mainly about              .
A、the connection of honesty and health B、research on physical and mental health C、advice on being an honest person D、effects of honesty on personal relationships
举一反三
根据短文理解,选择正确答案。

    When I began planning to move to Auckland to study, my mother was a little worried about the uncertainty of living in a place that was so different from India, where we lived. She worried particularly about the lack of jobs, the cultural differences and the chance that I would face racism(种族偏见).

    Despite these worries, I came to New Zealand in July 2009. I have found the place and people very nice and supportive. Soon after I arrived, I realized the importance of getting a job for my living expenses.

    Determined to do this on my own, I spent a whole day going door to door asking for a job. However, I received little response. This became my routine every day after college for a few weeks.

    One afternoon, I walked into a building to ask whether there were any job opportunities. People there were very surprised, and advised me not to continue my job search in that manner. As I was about to leave, a clerk in the building, who had been listening to what the others had said, approached me and asked me to wait outside for a while. Fifteen minutes later, he returned. He asked me about my plans and encouraged me to stay confident. Then he offered to take me to Royal Oak to search for a job.

    I was a little surprised but had a good feeling about him. He gave me some suggestions on dressing and speaking. I handed out my resumes and went home feeling very satisfied. The following day, I received a call from a store in Royal Oak offering me a job.

    It seems that the world always gives back to you when you need it .And this time,it was a complete stranger who turned out to be a real blessing.

阅读理解

    From the modern London Eye to the historic Tower of London, below are London's most visited tourist attractions. Many of London's top attractions are free, making them affordable places to learn about some culture. Whether you prefer history or modern art, you'll find it at one of these must-visit spots.

British Museum

    The world-famous British Museum exhibits the works of man from prehistoric to modern times, from around the world. The most interesting and exciting parts include the Rosetta Stone, the Parthenon sculptures (雕塑) and the mummies in the Ancient Egypt collection. Some exhibitions require tickets.

National Gallery

    The greatest and most beautiful building of Trafalgar Square, London's National Gallery is a vast space filled with Western European paintings from the 13th to the 19th centuries. In this impressive art gallery you can find works by masters such as Van Gogh, da Vinci, Botticelli, Constable, Renoir, Titian and Stubbs. Some exhibitions require tickets.

Tate Modern

    Sitting on the banks of the Thames is the Tate Modern, Britain's national museum of modern and contemporary (当代的) art. Its unique shape is due to it being a power station before. The gallery's restaurants offer wonderful views across the city. Some exhibitions require tickets.

Coca-Cola London Eye

    The Coca-Cola London Eye is a major feature of London's skyline. It has some of London's best views from its 32 capsules, each weighing 10 tonnes and holding up to 25 people. Climb aboard for a breathtaking experience, with an unforgettable view of more than 55 of London's most famous landmarks — all in just 30 minutes!

Madame Tussauds

    At Madame Tussauds, you'll come face-to-face with some of the world's most famous faces. From Shakespeare to Lady Gaga you'll meet influential figures from show business, sport, politics and even royalty. Strike a pose with Usain Bolt, get close to One Direction or receive a once-in-a-lifetime audience with Her Majesty the Queen.

语法填空

    Kids would love to have more money in their pockets. With the money that {#blank#}1{#/blank#}(make) by themselves they can buy the things they want. Actually, making money when you are a kid is much{#blank#}2{#/blank#}(easy) than you think. Here is a great method of making money for you, if you are a kid. It's dog walking.

    Don't try to do dog walking as a business if you are not{#blank#}3{#/blank#}(comfort) with dogs. However, if you love dogs, this can be a good {#blank#}4{#/blank#}(choose).

    Usually your customers are in the neighborhood. Ask dog owner {#blank#}5{#/blank#}(tell) you as much as possible{#blank#}6{#/blank#} their dogs and their habits. It's very important that you keep friendly with the dogs{#blank#}7{#/blank#}(bring) a treat to the dogs can help develop a friendship with them.

    You can charge 5 dollars {#blank#}8{#/blank#}a walk lasts 30 minutes. If a dog's owner wants you to walk{#blank#}9{#/blank#}(he) dog for an hour, you can charge 10 dollars or even 15 dollars.

    The only disadvantage of this method is that you have to deal with dog waste. Be sure to take{#blank#}10{#/blank#} bag and clean up after those dogs.

    Athens, the capital of Greece{#blank#}11{#/blank#}(know)as the birthplace of{#blank#}12{#/blank#}(west) civilization. Two thousand four hundred years ago, it was the world's most {#blank#}13{#/blank#}(power)city{#blank#}14{#/blank#} (build) such as the Parthenon on the Acropolis Hill were built during this period. Greece's best writers lived in ancient Athens. Their work has influenced other writers ever {#blank#}15{#/blank#}

阅读理解

    In recent decades, social isolation has been recognized as a major risk to our health and long life. It's twice as bad for you as being overweight and nearly as bad as smoking. The rising number of people who say they are affected, across a wide range of ages, is shocking. In reality, you can suffer the ill effects of loneliness even if you are not socially isolated.

Comedian Robin Williams made a striking observation in 2014: "I used to think the worst thing in life was to end up all alone. It's not. The worst thing in life is to end up with people who make you feel all alone." Tracking large groups over time indicates that perceived(感知的)social isolation carries its own risk for morbidity(发病率)and mortality.

    The perception of isolation—from others of being in the social aspect-is not only a cause of unhappiness, it also signals danger. Fish have evolved to swim to the middle of their group when predators(捕食者)approach, mice housed in social isolation show sleep disruptions and reduced slow-wave sleep and prairie voles(田鼠)isolated from their partners then placed in an open field explore their surroundings less and concentrate on avoiding predators.

    These behaviours reflect an increased emphasis on self-preservation in the social aspect. For instance, fish on the edge of a school are more likely to be attacked by predators because they are easier to isolate and prey upon. Such observations reflect a more general principle that perceived social isolation in social animals activates neural(神经系统的), neuroendocrine(神经内分泌的)and behavioural responses that promote short-term self-preservation. However, these responses bring a cost for long-term health and well-being.

    The range of harmful neural and behavioural effects of perceived isolation documented in adults include increased anxiety, hostility and social withdrawal; fragmented sleep and daytime tiredness; increased vascular resistance and changed gene expression and immunity; decreased impulse control; increased negativity and depressive symptoms; and increased age-related cognitive decline.

    Sadly, to date, attempts to reduce loneliness have met with limited success. A series of randomized controlled trials showed that they had only a small effect. Among the four types of interventions(介入)examined, talking therapy that focused on inappropriate thought processes had the largest impact. Social skills training, social support and increased opportunities for social contact were much less effective.

阅读理解

    Jimmy is an automotive mechanic (汽修工), but he lost his job a few months ago. He has good heart, but always feared applying for a new job.

    One day, he gathered up all his strength and decided to attend a job interview. His appointment was at 10 am and it was already 8:30. While waiting for a bus to the office where he was supposed to be interviewed, he saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car. Obviously there was something wrong with the car. Jimmy immediately went up to lend him a hand. When Jimmy finished working on the car, the old man asked him how much he should pay for the service. Jimmy said there was no need to pay him; he just helped someone in need, and he had to rush for an interview. Then the old man said, “Well, I could take you to the office for your interview. It's the least I could do. Please. I insist.” Jimmy agreed.

    Upon arrival, Jimmy found a long line of applications waiting to be interviewed. Jimmy still had some grease (润滑油) on him after the car repair, but he did not have much time to wash it off or have a change of shirt. One by one, the applicants left the interviewer's office with disappointed look on their faces. Finally his name was called. The interviewer was sitting on a large chair facing the office window. Rocking the chair back and forth, he asked, “Do you really need to be interviewed?” Jimmy's heart sank.“ With the way I look now, how could I possibly pass this interview?” he thought to himself.

    Then the interviewer turned the chair and to Jimmy's surprise, it was the old man he helped earlier in the morning. It turned out he was the General Manager of the company.

    “Sorry I had to keep you waiting, but I was pretty sure I made the right decision to have you as part of our workforce before you even stepped into the office. I just know you'd be a trustworthy worker. Congratulations!” Jimmy sat down and they shared a cup of well-deserved coffee as he landed himself a new job.

 语法填空

 Sino-Korean art exhibition kicks off in Shanghai

Born in 1992, an exhibition featuring artworks from 30 Chinese and Korean artists born in the year 1992, opened in Shanghai on Thursday.

Kim Seung-ho, Republic of Korea consul general(总领事)in Shanghai, said at the opening ceremony that the exhibition is meant {#blank#}1{#/blank#}( commemorate) the 30th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and South Korea.

"As the Chinese idiom {#blank#}2{#/blank#}( go): A man should be independent in society at 30. In the past 30 years, a generation of Chinese and Korean people have worked hard and made excellent achievements in {#blank#}3{#/blank#}( develop) the bilateral(双边的)relations," said Kim.

Divided into three sections, the exhibition features 30 artworks that include paintings, photographs, installations(装置艺术), {#blank#}4{#/blank#} videos.

Shanghai-based artist Zheng Yiran created the installation Living Room just for {#blank#}5{#/blank#} exhibition. One of the objects within this installation {#blank#}6{#/blank#} drew the attention of many visitors is a photo album. "As I {#blank#}7{#/blank#}( inspire) by the theme of this exhibition, I created this album by getting each of the participating artists to send me a childhood photo of themselves. I then put all these {#blank#}8{#/blank#}(image) in one album so that it looks like one person," said Zheng. "It seems as if we share a common memory of the past 30 years, and I invite everyone to come to sit in this {#blank#}9{#/blank#}(relax) living room and have a look at the growing-up process of this person," she added.

The exhibition is located {#blank#}10{#/blank#} Bund 18 Art Space and runs through Aug 28.

Tourists cautioned of flood dangers in wake of tragedy.

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