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题型:完形填空 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

湖南省长沙铁路第一中学2018-2019学年高一上学期英语期末考试试卷(含小段音频)

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A, B, C, D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

    "Where is the bus?" I asked myself. I was going to be late and the manager wasn't going to be 1 ." Thank God. Here it is." The bus  2 round the corner and I got on. Ten minutes later I was walking into the 3 where I work. Twenty-five past nine. I hope the manager doesn't notice. But no 4luck.

    "Smith!" shouted the manager. "Late again. What's your 5 this time?"" I'm afraid the bus was late, Mr. Brown." "6 up earlier tomorrow! Anyway, get to business at the counter. We'll be opening in a few minutes."

    My first customer was a pretty girl 7 a red dress. Behind her was a young man of about 25. He seemed very 8 , and 9 few seconds he looked towards the main entrance. The girl asked about opening a bank account. I gave her the necessary 10 and she walked out. 11 , I noticed a tall man by the door, carrying something 12 with brown paper. Turning to my next customer, I was terrified to see a gun 13 out of his coat. The next moment a loud noise 14 my ears. Everything went black. I was falling.... After 15 seemed a very a long time, I opened my eyes and found myself in bed! 16 shaking from the memory of this terrible dream, I got dressed and ran out of the house. As 17, the bus wasn't on time, and I arrived at 9:25.

    "Smith!" the manager cried out in a voice like thunder. " Later again! Go and start work at once!" To my 18 , the first customer was a girl 19 a red dress and behind her stood a man carrying something wrapped in brown paper. The dream!  20 that the surprise of my life!

(1)
A、pleased B、worried C、sorry D、patient
(2)
A、ran B、came C、rode D、drove
(3)
A、hotel B、shop C、bank D、restaurant
(4)
A、much B、such C、more D、this
(5)
A、excuse B、idea C、cause D、answer
(6)
A、Hurry B、Come C、Catch D、Get
(7)
A、having on B、wearing C、putting on D、dressing
(8)
A、nervous B、shy C、calm D、angry
(9)
A、a B、some C、every D、each
(10)
A、information B、offer C、introduction D、support
(11)
A、Again B、Then C、Thus D、However
(12)
A、hidden B、rolled C、filled D、covered
(13)
A、getting B、aiming C、appearing D、sticking
(14)
A、took B、shook C、filled D、tore
(15)
A、what B、when C、that D、which
(16)
A、Even B、Still C、Just D、Ever
(17)
A、usual B、past C、such D、yet
(18)
A、belief B、surprise C、dream D、regret
(19)
A、of B、with C、on D、in
(20)
A、Was B、Is C、Wasn't D、Isn't
举一反三
 阅读理解

D

With the completion of the Human Genome(基因组)Project more than 20 years ago, and the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA enjoying its 70th birthday last year, you might assume that we know how life works. Think again!

Evolution has a 4bn-year head start on us. However, several aspects of the standard picture of how life works-the idea of the genome as a blueprint, of genes as instructions for building an organism, of proteins as precisely tailored molecular(分子)machines and more-have wildly reduced the complexity of life. 

In the excellent book How Life Works, Philip Ball explorers the new biology, revealing life to be a far richer, more delicate affair than we have understood. Ball explains that life is a system of many levels-genes, proteins, cells, tissues, and body modules-each with its own rules and principles, so there is no unique place to look for an answer to it. 

Also, How Life Works is a much more appealing title than the overused question of "What is life?". We should be less concerned with what a thing is, and rather more focused on what a thing does. Defining a living thing implies an unchangeable ideal type, but this will run counter to the Darwinian principle that living things are four-dimensional, ever changing in time as well as space.

But it's an idea that is deeply rooted within our culture. Ball points out that we rely on metaphors(比喻)to explain and explore the complexities of life, but none suffice. We are taught that cells are machines, though no machine we have invented behaves like the simplest cell; that DNA is a code or a blueprint, though it is neither; that the brain is a computer, though no computer behaves like a brain at all.

Ball is a terrific writer, pumping out books on incredibly diverse subjects. There's a wealth of well-researched information in here, and some details that are a bit chewy for the lay reader. But the book serves as an essential introduction on our never-ending quest to understand life.

阅读下面短文,从每题所给的ABCD四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

My father was a restaurant owner. My name is Vincent Lim. I'm a chef and restaurant owner. Running a Chinese restaurant is one of the hardest and most1 things in my life.

When we first arrived in Australia, my dad2 a Chinese restaurant. I would go there on a3 basis to help him out. And slowly I developed my4 for cooking. The hard work that my dad put into Chinese food makes me feel so proud that I am lucky enough to learn from a5

The first dish that I ever learned to cook was the fried rice, which is the easiest but also the 6 one to get right. From years of experience, I can7 you the difference between a good fried rice just from the feel and from the smell, without even taking a bite.

To lots of Chinese immigrants like us, the restaurant isn't just a business. It's a sense of 8 . The wok hei (锅气)9 every ingredient in the wok, producing an appealing smell. The fragrances of the food10 the air and lingered around so much longer. Those memories, they become nostalgic (乡愁). The sense of home is what makes a11 good dish taste.

In 2017, my dad passed away. I reaized that my love of cooking dishes from my childhood. I 12 the restaurant that I own today. Cooking was a13 way to my dad. I wanted to 14 everything that he taught me. Cooking15 all the hard work and memories that we had.

短文填空

China's taijiquan, also known as tai chi — a major part of the amazing {#blank#}1{#/blank#} (open) ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games and represented by numerous practitioners worldwide —{#blank#}2{#/blank#} (add) to UNESCO's Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity on Thursday. On its website, UNESCO described the cultural icon as "a traditional physical practice characterized by relaxed, circular movements that can be used {#blank#}3{#/blank#} (adjust) breath besides cultivating an honest and neutral (中性的) mind".

"Their inscription onto the list showed the unique value of intangible cultural heritage on people's health and {#blank#}4{#/blank#} (sustain) development," said Wang Chenyang,{#blank#}5{#/blank#}inspector from the Ministry of Culture and Tourism who is in charge of the work related to intangible cultural heritage.

Taijiquan, {#blank#}6{#/blank#} originated during the mid-17th century in Wenxian county in Jiaozuo, Henan province, is practiced almost {#blank#}7{#/blank#} (day) throughout the country by people of all ages and ethnic groups, according to UNESCO's website. {#blank#}8{#/blank#} (influence) by Taoist and Confucian thought and theories of traditional Chinese medicine, the practice has developed {#blank#}9{#/blank#} several schools or styles named after a family or a master's personal surname, such as Chen style or Yang style.

They are passed down through clan-based transmission or the master-apprentice model, {#blank#}10{#/blank#} built upon the yin and yang cycle and the cultural understanding of the unity of heaven and humanity, UNESCO said.

 阅读理解

Humans act with purpose, but much is still unknown about how we become purposeful agents — that is, how we develop the ability to willfully make things happen. In a recent study to explore agency's mysterious roots, we tried to catch infants (婴儿) in the act of discovering their own agency, thereby revealing the process of agency formation.

Researchers place a baby into a cradle with a mobile suspended above. Then a scientist ties one end of a string to the mobile and the other to the infant's foot. Now if the baby moves, the toy will, too. By observing babies in this setup, scientists can watch as the infants learn and recall a simple cause-and-effect interaction: kick a foot and the mobile moves.

As predicted by the researchers, infants kicked significantly more when their foot was tethered (拴住) to the mobile than when it was not. However, when an experimenter pulled the string to make the mobile move instead, infants moved less than when the mobile was at rest. Furthermore, when we freed the babies' foot from the mobile, they kept on kicking at higher rate to make the toy respond — and were visibly frustrated when that did not happen.

Our observations also pointed to a notable pattern: The babies' initial movements consisted of twisting and pushing without clear direction. But once tethered to the mobile, the more intensely they moved, the more their attention was drawn to the effect their kicking had on it. At some point, the infants must have figured out that they had agency, thus the aimless movements became intentional action — a highly coordinated exchange between the tethered infant and the mobile.

The baby-mobile study emphasizes how understanding the relationship between an organism and its environment is essential to uncovering the origins of directed behavior. The experience of agency emerges only when an organism senses it is coupled to its environment. In this way of thinking, the interaction and relationship between the two are crucial for purpose to arise.

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