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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

北京市丰台区2018-2019学年高一上学期英语期末考试试卷

阅读理解

    Benito Juarez, a poor Indian boy, was twelve years old when he left his village home in December 1818.Benito walked forty-one miles to the city of Oaxaca, high in the mountains of Mexico. When he heard the Spanish spoken by the city people, Benito didn't know what they were saying.

    First, Benito became a servant for a wealthy gentleman, Serer Maza. Soon, he went to work for Antonio Salanueva ,a church(教会)librarian. Antonio repaired and copied the library books, keeping them in good shape.  Benito became his helper and his housekeeper. Antonio loved to teach. Benito soon became his student as well as his servant. With the help of Antonio, Benito learned to speak, read, and write Spanish.

    At that time in Mexico, many people believed that Indians were not smart enough to read or learn. Antonio knew that was not true. Indians had been prevented from learning by a lack of schools. The first Spanish missionaries(传教士)who came to Mexico had educated the native people. In fact, churches from Spain had built the first college on the North American continent(大陆)for the Indians. As more Spanish came to Mexico, however, the Indian children were crowded out of the schools.

    Benito was a good and bright student, so Antonio developed a plan for him. In 1821, when Benito was fifteen, Antonio decided to enroll him in a school for boys. Antonio taught Benito what he needed to pass the entrance test for the school.

Benito became a student at the college. His studies were difficult, and he was teased because he was the only Indian student there. He succeeded in spite of these challenges. Later, as the laws changed, Benito was able to attend a public college with other Indians.

    Benito Juarez continued his education and became a lawyer and, much later, the President of Mexico from 1861 to 1872. He led the Mexican people to victory over the French, who tried to rule Mexico, and fought for the rights of Indians. He is one of the great heroes in Mexican history.

(1)、When Benito first arrived in the city of Oaxaca, he_______.
A、lost touch with his family B、got the language problem C、studied in a church library D、lived in the mountain
(2)、According to the passage, Antonio was a_______.
A、good teacher B、rich gentleman C、strict housekeeper D、helpful villager
(3)、In Mexico, many Indian children couldn't get an education, because_______.
A、they were less smart B、there were not enough schools C、there were too many native people D、they were too poor to go to school
(4)、What should be put into the timeline?
A、Became a lawyer. B、Attended a public college. C、Be the only Indian student. D、Elected to be the President.
(5)、What is probably the best title of the passage?
A、A young student in Mexico. B、Fighting for the rights. C、A bright Mexican educator. D、Born to be a servant.
举一反三
阅读理解

    Increasingly, over the past ten years, people-especially young people have become aware of the need to change their eating habits, because much of the food they eat, particularly processed food, is not good for the health. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in natural foods: foods which do not contain chemical additives and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers(化肥)widely used in farming today.

    Natural foods, for example, are vegetables, fruit and grain which have been grown in soil that is rich in organic matter. In simple terms, this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter, which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizers, the main purpose of which is to increase the amount but not the quality of foods grown in commercial farming areas.

    Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy pastures(生活状况). Compare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry(家禽): there are battery farms, for example, where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little than rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food; they also produce eggs which lack important vitamins.

    There are other aspects of healthy eating which are now receiving increasing attention from experts in diet. Take, for example, the question of sugar. This is actually a nonessential food! It is not that sugar is harmful in itself. But it does seem to be additive: the quantity we use has grown steadily and in Britain today each person consumes an average of 200 pounds a year! Yet all it does is provide us with energy, in the form of calories. There are no vitamins in it, no minerals and no fibre.

阅读理解

    Moksh Jawa, 16, a student at Washington High School in the US, has already become a legend(传奇) among students. “Why not?” might be his favorite question to ask.

    As a seventh-grader, he taught himself coding(编程) by studying on the Internet.

    As a high school freshman, he passed the AP Computer Science A exam with a 5, the highest score possible.

    As a sophomore (高中二年级学生), he developed his own online course and helped his classmates get through it because his high school didn't teach coding.

    Everything he did came from his own interest. His father sent him a link to Codeacademy, an online coding training program, in middle school. He learned a programming(编程) language all by himself after signing up to the website.

    “I just fell in love with computer science,”Jawa said. Along the way, he lit a fire of curiosity and passion among classmates to learn coding too.

    “All of my friends, especially the girls, were really, really afraid of computer science,” he said. But the subject and exam weren't things to be feared, he said, “Computer science is all about logic(逻辑), not about how smart you are. ”

    To make his knowledge available online, Jawa set about creating his own online course, with easy-to-follow lessons. He included quizzes and tests too.

    The course has so far attracted 3, 200 students across the US and in 120 countries and regions, including China, Ukraine and Algeria.  It shows, Jawa said, the huge need for coding lessons.

    When video lecturing, “I deliver it like I'm talking from one high school student to another,”Jawa said. “It's always great to make it as clear and fun as possible, and to try to keep my voice as energetic as possible. ”

    He also does that, when teaching members of the computer science club he founded at his high school.

    “His tutorials(辅导) were great, ”said Taj Shaik, the club's co-president, who took the whole course last year. “I'm definitely one of the early adopters(使用者) of Moksh. ”

    “He's pretty amazing, ”said Bob Moran, principal of Washington High School, who saw him lead the club. “He was just a fantastic teacher—clear, organized and entertaining. When a student got the right answer, he would throw him a candy. ”

阅读理解

    Rescuers pulled out an eight-year-old girl alive from the ruins of a Taiwan apartment block on Monday more than 60 hours after it was destroyed by an earthquake, as the mayor of the southern city of Tainan warned the death toll could go beyond 100. The official death toll from the quake rose to 38, with more than 100 people missing.

    The girl, named as Lin Su-Chin, was conscious and had been taken to hospital. There were possibly two other people still alive in the destroyed building.

    The quake struck at about 4 am on Saturday at the beginning of the Lunar New Year holiday, with almost all the dead found in Tainan's destroyed Wei-guan Golden Dragon Building. Rescue efforts are focused on the ruins of the 17-story building, where more than 100 people are listed as missing and suspected to be buried deep under the ruins.

    Earlier a woman, identified as Tsao Wei-ling, was found alive lying under her dead husband. Their two-year-old son, who was also killed, was found lying nearby. Another survivor, a man named Li Tsung-tian, was pulled out later. Several hours later, Li's girlfriend was found dead in the rubble. Tsao and Li were both being treated in hospital.

    Rescuers continued to climb over the twisted(扭曲的) remain of the building as numb family members stood around, waiting for news of missing relatives. It's reported that 36 of the 38 dead were from the Wei-guan building, which was built in 1994.

    The mayor of Tainan said there needed to be a "general sorting out" of old buildings to make sure they were able to deal with disasters like earthquakes. A better job was also needed in ensuring building quality as well as building management in the near future.

阅读理解

    Unbelievable Stories of Animals Acting Just Like Humans

    Horses are picky eaters

    Horses have an even better sense of smell than humans do. When horses raise their noses and open their nostrils (鼻孔) , their nervous system allows them to sense smells we can't sense. This might explain why they refuse dirty water and carefully move around meadows, eating only the tastiest grasses, experts say.

    Whale says thanks

    In 2011, a whale expert spotted a humpback whale trapped in a fishing net and spent an hour freeing it. Afterward, in an hour-long display of thanks, the whale swam near their boat and leaped into the air about 40 times.

    Pandas like to be naughty

    Is there anything more lovely than a baby panda, except maybe a human baby? In fact, baby pandas sometimes behave like human babies. They sleep in the same positions and value their thumbs. Pandas are shy by nature for its shy behaviors such as covering its face with a paw of ducking its head when confronted by a stranger.

    A cat honors its owner

    Paper towels, and a plastic cup are just a few of the gifts that Toldo, a devoted three-year-old gray-and-white cat, has placed on his former owner Iozzelli Renzo's grave every day since the man died in September 2011. Renzo adopted Toldo from a shelter when the cat was three months old, and the two formed an inseparable bond. After Renzo passed away, Toldo followed the coffin to the cemetery, and now "stands guard" at the grave for hours at a time.

阅读理解

    Gwendolyn Brooks was the first African American to win a Pulitzer Prize for Poetry. Gwendolyn Brooks wrote hundreds of poems during her lifetime. She was known around the world for using poetry to increase understanding about black culture in America.

    Her poems described conditions among the poor, racial inequality and drug use in the black community. She also wrote poems about the struggles of black women. But her skill was more than her ability to write about struggling black people. She was an expert at the language of poetry. She combined traditional European poetry styles with the African American experience.

    In her early poetry, Gwendolyn Brooks wrote about the South Side of Chicago. The South Side of Chicago is where many back people live. In her poems, the South Side is called Bronzeville. It was A Street in Bronzeville that gained the attention of literary experts in 1945. Critics praised her poetic skill and her powerful descriptions of the black experience during the time. The Bronzeville poems were her first published collection.

    In 1950, Gwendolyn Brooks became the first African American to win the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry. She won the prize for her second book of poems called Annie Allen. Annie Allen is a collection of poetry about the life of a Bronzeville girl as a daughter, a wife and mother. She experiences loneliness, loss, death and being poor. Ms. Brooks said that winning the prize changed her life.

    Her next work was a novel written in 1953 called Maud Martha, Maud Martha received little notice when it was first published. But now it is considered an important work by some critics. Its main ideas about the difficult life of many women are popular among female writers today.

    In some of her poems, Gwendolyn Brooks described how what people see in life is affected by who they are. One example is this poem, Corners on the Curing Sky.

    By the end of the 1960s, Gwendolyn Brooks' poetry expanded from the everyday experiences of people in Bronzeville. She wrote about a wider world and dealt with important political issues.

阅读理解

    It was a normal school day for senior Solymar Solis until an unexpected visitor arrived. Her dad, Sgt. Carlos Solis Melendez, surprised her by coming home early from Kuwait and visiting her unannounced at Spring Valley High School in South Carolina.

    After serving in Kuwait for nine months, Melendez returned home a week earlier than his daughter expected. He held balloons and flowers in a classroom as he sat at a student's desk to blend in with the crowd. "It came across my mind like, ‘How is she going to react?" he recalled the heartwarming moment. "Is she going to be happy and run to me and hug me, or cry? That was all going on through my mind."

    As unsuspecting Solymar entered the classroom, she was soon overcome with emotion, immediately bursting into tears and covering her mouth. She didn't talk. She was just crying. She was overwhelmed with everything. She thought it was a dream.

    Melendez was a single parent so while he was deployed (调动), he got his sister to live with his daughter. When he was coming back and talking to his sister, both of them came to the conclusion that they should do something special for his daughter. Melendez and his sister got in touch with the school, and they planned this whole being-in-the-classroom thing, and it turned out perfect.

    The two are very much looking forward to some good daddy-daughter time now that he's home. "It means everything," Melendez said of being able to surprise his daughter this way. "After all the sacrifices she's made, she deserves all the special arrangements and special occasions and celebrations. I'll do anything for my daughter. I believe I'm doing good parenting."

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